反钙钛矿Mn3AX化合物的晶格、磁性和电输运性质的研究进展

近年来,研究发现反钙钛矿化合物Mn₃AX(A=Cu,Zn,Sn,Ni,Al,Ga等;X=N/C)具有超导,巨磁阻,近零电阻温度系数,负膨胀,磁致伸缩,压磁效应,以及磁卡效应等丰富的物理性能,因此此类化合物受到人们越来越多的关注.反钙钛矿Mn₃AX化合物的结构和物性的研究,将对我们深入认识材料的"本-构"关系具有重要的意义.本文重点综述了部分反钙钛矿Mn₃AX化合物奇特的物理性质,尤其是 关键词： 反钙钛矿 磁相变 负热膨胀 电输运     

蔬菜中铁含量的测定及方法比较

用分光光度法直接测定蔬菜中铁的含量,方法简便、快速、准确.分别采用浓盐酸和浓硫酸两种消解方法对样品进行处理,并对其测定结果进行比较,实验结果表明,浓硫酸消解法消解能力更强,测定更为准确.5种蔬菜中木耳铁含量最高,对指导人们合理食用蔬菜进行补铁及进一步开发蔬菜产品提供了可靠的理论依据.     

双环[2.2.2]辛-7-烯-2，3，5，6-四羧酸铜配合物的合成和晶体结构研究

以双环[2.2.2]辛-7-烯-2,3,5,6-四羧酸(H4L)为配体,采用水热法合成了个铜配合物[Cu2L2(H2O)2](2),并得到单晶,同时在水热条件下得到了化合物H4L.2H2O(1)的晶体。分别对化合物1和2进行了元素分析、红外光谱等分析,并用X-射线单晶衍射测定了化合物的单晶结构。化合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,化合物1的晶体学数据为:a=0.88554(15)nm,b=0.95566(16)nm,c=1.043 88(17)nm,α=110.863(3)°,β=91.127(3)°,γ=91.429(3)°,V=0.824 9(2)nm3,Z=2,Mr=366.32,Dc=1.475 g.cm-3,F(000)=388,μ=0.129,R1=0.067 0,wR2=0.189 3;配合物2属于正交晶系,Pnnm空间群,配合物2的晶体学数据为:a=2.766 8(6)nm,b=0.638 75(14)nm,c=0.737 32(16)nm,V=1.303 1(5)nm3,Z=4,Mr=442.31,Dc=2.254 g.cm-3,F(000)=884,μ=3.324,R1=0.059 4和wR2=0.191 7。化合物1通过氢键形成三维网状结构,配合物2中的中心离子有3种配位方式,通过不同的配位方式也形成三维结构。     

液相微萃取技术在药物分析中的应用

液相微萃取(LPME)技术是上世纪90年代发展起来的一种新型微型化样品前处理技术,它集采样、纯化、富集于一体,减少了常规液-液萃取过程中有机溶剂的使用量,具有操作简单、模式灵活多样、成本低廉、富集效率高、环境友好等优点.本文系统综述了LPME技术的各种模式、原理及其在药物分析中近三年的应用现状,并展望了其发展方向.     

A novel strategy to assemble achiral ligands to chiral helical polyrotaxane structures

Using the achiral N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,6-hexanediamine ligand bearing two end pyridyl groups as the source of conformational chirality, a novel type of TMeQ[6]-based helical polyrotaxane was prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The chirality of the polyrotaxane was generated from twisting of the hexylidene of the N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,6-hexanediamine "string" when bound within the hydrophobic cavity of TMeQ[6]. Two opposite chiral helical polyrotaxanes crystallize as a racemic compound.     

Covalent immobilization of horseradish peroxidase via click chemistry and its direct electrochemistry

A simple and versatile approach for covalent immobilization of redox protein on solid surface via self-assembled technique and click chemistry is reported. The alkynyl-terminated monolayers are obtained by self-assembled technique, then, azido-horseradish peroxidase (azido-HRP) was covalent immobilized onto the formed monolayers by click reaction. The modified process is characterized by reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy (SERS) and electrochemical methods. All the experimental results suggest that HRP is immobilized onto the electrode surface successfully without denaturation. Furthermore, the immobilized HRP shows electrocatalytic reduction for H₂O₂, and the linear range is from 5.0 to 700 μM. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant k_s is 1.11 s⁻¹ and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant is calculated to be 0.196 mM.     

A SNaPshot assay for genotyping 44 individual identification single nucleotide polymorphisms

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which have relatively low mutation rates and can be genotyped after PCR with shorter amplicons compared with short tandem repeats (STRs), are being considered as potentially useful markers in forensic DNA analysis. Those SNPs with high heterozygosity and low Fst (F-statistics) in human populations are described as individual identification SNPs, which perform the same function as STRs used in forensic routine work. In the present study, we developed a multiplex typing method for analyzing 44 selected individual identification SNPs simultaneously by using multiplex PCR reaction in association with fluorescent labeled single base extension (SBE) technique. PCR primers were designed and the lengths of the amplicons ranged from 69 to 125?bp. The population genetics data of 79 unrelated Chinese individuals for the 44 SNP loci were investigated and a series of experiments were performed to validate the characteristic of the SNP multiplex typing assay, such as sensitivity, species specificity and the performance in paternity testing and analysis of highly degraded samples. The results showed that the 44-SNPs multiplex typing assay could be applied in forensic routine work and provide supplementary data when STRs analysis was partial or failed.     

Novel Mn1.5Co1.5O4 spinel cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Mn(1.5)Co(1.5)O(4) spinel oxide as a cathode or one component of a composite cathode presents no visible reaction with an Y(2)O(3)-stabilized ZrO(2) electrolyte. The low electrode polarization resistances and good performance compared with traditional Sr-doped LaMnO(3)-YSZ composite cathodes imply promising application for the next generation of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.     

Systematic annotation and bioinformatics analyses of large-scale Oryza sativa proteome

Much has been now recognized on the rice (Oryza sativa L.) proteomics by using the powerful experimental tool two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). 2D-PAGE can be utilized for monitoring global changes of quantitative protein expression in specific tissues under various conditions. However, systematic annotations of the protein spots generated by 2D-PAGE are still limited for rice. In this study, a new approach for Oryza sativa proteome annotation based on the 2D-gel maps was developed. Based on the publicly available 2D-PAGE data of rice, 11,201 gel spots were annotated accounting for 87.2% of the total spots on the gel maps. Gel spot alignments were performed for the annotated gel maps belonging to 23 rice tissues or organelles. In summary, 253 alignments between 23 tissues or organelles were performed, and 26,207 co-expressed proteins were identified using our analytical strategy. Large-scale bi-cluster analysis of 23 tissues/organelles proteomes of rice was carried out to detect novel functional proteins. Function and pathway analysis identified a number of common gene products with great potential in regulating specific physiological and biochemical events within various rice tissues/organelles. It also suggested that the tissue- or organelle-specific proteins might be responsible for the functional divergence of these tissues or organelles. Taken together, this study provides us new strategies and informative resources for rice proteome research based on 2D-PAGE data.     

Silanol as a removable directing group for the Pd(II)-catalyzed direct olefination of arenes

Need some direction? Silanol was developed as a directing group for the Pd(II)-catalyzed oxidative Heck-type reaction of arenes. A one-pot C-H activation/desilylation process of benzyldiisopropylsilanol was also demonstrated, providing a powerful approach for the synthesis of ortho-alkenyl-substituted alkylarenes. Considering the easily attachable and readily removable properties of the silanol group, this reaction will find broad synthetic applications.