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51.
Molecular composites, in which a small concentration of ionically modified poly(p‐phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) is dispersed in a poly(ethylene oxide) matrix, have been prepared. With the content of PPTA anion increasing to about 5 wt %, the glass‐transition temperature rises and the melting temperature decreases. From the equilibrium‐melting‐temperature depression data that were obtained from Hoffman–Weeks plots, the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter was determined to be negative (−1.10). These indications of enhanced miscibility between the components are attributed to intermolecular ion–dipole interactions. The presence of rigid PPTA‐anion reinforcement alters the morphology; for example, the spherulite size is reduced, and the degree of crystallinity is lowered. Possible models of how the reinforcement is incorporated into the composite are presented. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1369–1376, 2000 相似文献
52.
Molecular composites have been prepared by dispersing rigid‐rod molecules of ionically‐modified poly(p‐phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA anion) in a polar poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PVP) matrix. For concentrations up to 5 wt % of the rigid‐rod reinforcement, the resulting composites are transparent and possess a single glass transition temperature that increases with concentration of the PPTA anion. The mechanical properties of the molecular composites are found to increase with concentration and to attain maximum values at about 5 wt % of the PPTA anion. The enhancement in properties, and the miscibility induced between the two component polymers, is attributed to the development of specific interactions between the ionic groups of the PPTA anion and the polar units of the PVP matrix. When such interactions are not present, as in composites reinforced with non‐ionic PPTA, the samples are opaque and their properties are significantly reduced compared to those of the PPTA anion/PVP composites. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2201–2209, 1999 相似文献
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表面活性剂对3-甲基吡啶电氧化制取烟酸的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了在阳极液中加入不同类型和不同浓度表面活性剂对3-甲基吡啶电氧化的影响. 结果表明, 十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱和山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯的胶团对3-甲基吡啶电氧化有明显的促进作用. 实验结果还表明, 在低浓度的硫酸为支持电解质阳极液中加入表面活性剂与不加表面活性剂相比, 3-甲基吡啶电氧化制取烟酸的选择性和电流效率明显提高. 相似文献
56.
Hui-Chun Yang Shiu-Mei Lin Yi-Hung Liu Mei-Man Chen Der-Lii Tsou Tien-Yau Luh 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2006,691(14):3196-3200
ROMP of 2 with Grubbs I catalyst in CH2Cl2 furnished the corresponding polymer 5 which was characterized by spectroscopic means, particularly, MAS 13NMR. The EXAFS of 5 results were compared with those of the monomeric starting material 2 and the X-ray data of 2. 相似文献
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This paper presents a meshless method for the nonlinear generalized regularized long wave(GRLW) equation based on the moving least-squares approximation.The nonlinear discrete scheme of the GRLW equation is obtained and is solved using the iteration method.A theorem on the convergence of the iterative process is presented and proved using theorems of the infinity norm.Compared with numerical methods based on mesh,the meshless method for the GRLW equation only requires the scattered nodes instead of meshing the domain of the problem.Some examples,such as the propagation of single soliton and the interaction of two solitary waves,are given to show the effectiveness of the meshless method. 相似文献
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Strain distributions and electronic structure of three-dimensional InAs/GaAs quantum rings 下载免费PDF全文
This paper presents a finite element calculation for the
electronic structure and strain distribution of self-organized
InAs/GaAs quantum rings. The strain distribution calculations are
based on the continuum elastic theory. An ideal three-dimensional
circular quantum ring model is adopted in this work. The electron
and heavy-hole energy levels of the InAs/GaAs quantum rings are
calculated by solving the three-dimensional effective mass
Schr?dinger equation including the deformation potential and
piezoelectric potential up to the second order induced by the
strain. The calculated results show the importance of strain and
piezoelectric effects, and these effects should be taken into
consideration in analysis of the optoelectronic characteristics of
strain quantum rings. 相似文献