Some remarks on the real rank of non-unital C*-algebras

For a non-unital C-algebra , let be the C-algebra obtained from by adjoining an identity. In this paper we show that

where is a locally compact Hausdorff space with .

     

A bayesian approach to binary response curve estimation

Summary The purpose of the present paper is to propose a practical procedure for the estimation of the binary response curve. The procedure is based on a model which approximates the response curve by a finely segmented piecewise constant function. To obtain a stable estimate we assume a prior distribution of the parameters of the model. The prior distribution has several parameters (hyper-parameters) which are chosen to minimize an information criterion ABIC. The procedure is applicable to data consisting of observations of a binary response variable and a single explanatory variable. The practical utility of the procedure is demonstrated by examples of applications to the dose response curve estimation, to the intensity function estimation of a point process and to the analysis of social survey data. The application of the procedure to the discriminant analysis is also briefly discussed. The Institute of statistical mathematics     

Separation of traces of palladium using mercury as collector

Summary Microgram quantities of palladium are quantitatively deposited into mercury globules from various acid solutions. Mercury is removed by evaporation from the resulting amalgam before the subsequent determination.

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Zusammenfassung Mikrogrammengen Palladium werden von Quecksilbertröpfchen aus sauren Lösungen quantitativ extrahiert. Das Quecksilber wird aus dem entstandenen Amalgam vor der Bestimmung des Palladiums abgedampft.

     

Prostaglandin analogs modified at the 10 and 11 positions

A simplified methodology for the building of prostaglandins substituted at the 10 and 11 positions is presented.     

Microemulsion-based synthesis of titanium phosphate nanotubes via amine extraction system

The first titanium phosphate nanotubes with alternating interlayer spacings have been successfully prepared and characterized. The synthesis is accomplished in a reverse microemulsion formed in an amine extraction system. TEM data from samples made after different times of reaction suggest a scrolling-formation mechanism.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In Situ</Emphasis> Synthesis of Field-responsive Nanocrystalline BaTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> Particles Modified with Functional Organics

Nanocrystalline BaTiO₃ particles modified with polarizable ligands were synthesized through hydrolysis of modified metal–organics below 100°C. BaTiO₃ precursor was synthesized from barium metal, titanium isopropoxide and polarizable ligands in a mixture of ethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol. The modified Ba–Ti complex alkoxide was hydrolyzed yielding BaTiO₃ particles modified with organics. The crystallinty of nanometer-sized particles was dependent upon the hydrolysis conditions, and increased with increasing water amount and time. The nanocrystalline particles were identified to be BaTiO₃ by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction. A fluid consisting of modified BaTiO₃ particles and silicone oil revealed a typical electrorheological (ER) behavior on applying DC field. The ER behavior was found to depend upon the kind of ligand. 4-Fluorobenzyloxy modifier revealed the highest yield stress in the ER measurement among 4-substitued benzyloxy ligands examined.     

Charge-order pattern of the low-temperature phase from a monoclinic single domain of NaV2O5 uniquely determined by resonant x-ray scattering

The present resonant x-ray scattering has been performed on a monoclinically split single domain of NaV(2)O(5). The observation of a critically enhanced contrast between V(4+) and V(5+) ions has led us to the unequivocal conclusion of the charge-order pattern of the low-temperature phase of NaV(2)O(5) below T(c) = 35 K. In spite of the possible four types of configuration of the zigzag-type charge-order patterns in the ab plane (A,A',B and B'), the stacking sequence along the c axis is determined as the AAA'A' type by comparison with model calculations.     

Resolving the discrepancy of 135 MeV pd elastic scattering cross sections and relativistic effects

Three precise measurements for elastic pd scattering at 135 MeV/A have been performed with the three different experimental setups. The cross sections are described well by the theoretical predictions based on modern nucleon-nucleon forces combined with three-nucleon forces. Relativistic Faddeev calculations show that relativistic effects are restricted to backward angles. This result supports the two measurements recently reported by RIKEN and contradicts the KVI data.     

In situ observation of single polymers adsorbed onto mica surfaces in water

The morphology of a cationic polymer of high molecular weight, poly[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl(trimethyl)ammoniumchloride], adsorbed on to a mica surface in water was observed in situ using the tapping mode of an atomic force microscope with a high-resolution probe. It was found that the morphology of adsorbed polymers changes with time to be lumplike, floclike, and then fibril-like and that it takes surprisingly a long time for the polymers to relax completely in water, even though they are highly charged. Detailed structures of extended polymers are also discussed.     

Controllable photoinduced optical attenuation in a single-mode optical fiber by irradiation of a femtosecond pulse laser

Novel optical attenuation fibers were fabricated by the irradiation of a focused infrared femtosecond pulsed laser onto the core of a silica glass single-mode optical fiber. Optical attenuation at a wavelength of 1.55 microm proportionally increased with increasing numbers of irradiation points and was controllable under laser irradiation conditions. The single-mode property of the waveguide and the mode-field diameter of the optical fiber were maintained after irradiation of the femtosecond laser. It is suggested that the attenuation results from optical scattering at photoinduced spots formed inside the fiber core.