Eigentime identity for asymmetric finite Markov chains

Two kinds of eigentime identity for asymmetric finite Markov chains are proved both in the ergodic case and the transient case.     

Laryngeal Myasthenia Gravis: Report of 40 Cases

Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction, is usually recognized because of ocular complaints or generalized weakness. We report a series of 40 patients who presented with dysphonia as their initial and primary complaint. Diagnostic testing included strobovideolaryngoscopy, electromyography (EMG) with repetitive stimulation and Tensilon testing, and laboratory and radiographic evaluation. Strobovideolaryngoscopy most commonly revealed fluctuating impairment of vocal fold mobility, either unilateral or bilateral. EMG detected evidence of neuromuscular junction abnormalities in all patients. Only one patient had evidence of antiacetylcholine receptor (ACh-R) antibodies, but many other abnormalities suggestive of autoimmune dysfunction were present. Pyridostigmine therapy was initiated in 34 patients but was not tolerated in 4. Of the remaining 30 patients, 23 reported improvement of symptoms. We conclude that myasthenia gravis can present with symptoms confined primarily to the larynx and should be included in the differential diagnosis of dysphonia.     

LATTICE BOLTZMANN EQUATION MODEL IN THE CORIOLIS FIELD

In a large-scale field of rotational fluid, various unintelligible and surprising dynamic phenomena are produced due to the effect of the Coriolis force. The lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) model in the Coriolis field is developed based on previous works.^[1-4] Geophysical fluid dynamics equations are derived from the model. Numerical simulations have been made on an ideal atmospheric circulation of the Northern Hemisphere by using the model and they reproduce the Rossby wave motion well. Hence the applicability of the model is verified in both theory and experiment.     

新型芳香胺－邻醌聚合物的合成及其作为纳料固定化酶载体的研究

以碘酸盐为氧化剂,通过氧化－迈克尔加成反应,由邻苯二酚和4,4'-亚甲基 苯胺合成了一种新的功能聚合物,芳香胺－邻醌聚合物。这种聚合物表面由分布均 匀的纳料颗粒和孔穴构成。由于这种聚合物分子含有疏水骨架、羰基和胺基的有序 分布,以及独特的纳料微观颗粒和孔穴结构,使其成为吸附法固定化酶的良好载 体。     

低同源性蛋白质结构预测

基因组计划在实施产生了大量的DNA序列信息,如何有效地利用这些信息来研究基因的产物－蛋白质的结构与功能成为引入注目的研究领域,同源蛋白质结构预测及蛋白质折工识别是在基因组水平上进行蛋白质结构预测的有效方法,酵母基因组中约有50％的基因可以通过这类方法来确定其表面产物蛋白质的结构[1],但是目前所采用的方法在低同源性蛋白质的结构预测方面尚存在较大困难。     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮存在时反相微乳液中水的状态

运用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）研究不同分子量的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）存在时,十二烷基甜菜碱(C12BE)/正庚烷 /正戊醇 /水（Ⅰ）及二（2 乙基）己基磺化琥珀酸钠（AOT）/正庚烷 /水（Ⅱ） 反相微乳液中水的存在状态.采用计算机分峰技术将微乳液中水分子的O－H伸缩振动进行曲线拟合, （Ⅰ）得到三个子峰,分别位于(3560±20)cm－1,(3430±10)cm－1,(3280±10)cm－1附近; （Ⅱ）得到四个子峰,分别位于3618 cm－1, 3550 cm－1, 3446 cm－1和3292 cm－1处.尽管PVP均增溶于W/O型微乳液中表面活性剂分子的极性基团附近,却没有引起长链间自由水的变化.但由于两体系的差异,PVP的存在,导致微乳液（Ⅰ）的本体水减少,结合水增多,却使体系（Ⅱ）的结合水减少,本体水增多.由于W/O型微乳液中水与生物膜中水相似,这些研究有助于理解生物膜界面上的生物化学和生物物理现象.     

气相色谱/质谱法鉴定黑芝麻中黑色素的结构类型

 为获得天然高分子化合物黑芝麻中黑色素的分子结构信息 ,对其进行碱熔降解 ,然后对降解产物进行硅烷化衍生 ,再利用气相色谱 /质谱联用分析 ,结果发现产物中含有儿茶酚、对苯二酚和儿茶酸 ,从而证明黑芝麻中的黑色素具有儿茶酚型黑色素的结构特征。     

Preparation and Molecular Structure of Binuclear Nickel (I) Complex Bridged by 1,2,4, 5‐Benzenetetracarboxylato Tetravalent Anion

The title complex [(H₂O)₂(IMI)₃Ni(TCB)Ni(IMI)₃‐(H₂O)₂] H₂O (TCB = 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylato te‐travalent anion; IMI = imidazole) has been prepared by the reaction of Ni(IMI)₃(Ac)₂ and TCB in aqueous solution. The crystal structure has been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction method. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2₁/c(# 14), a = 1.2714(4) nm, b = 0.9411 (3) nm, c = 1.5869(4) nm, β= 108.54(2)°, V= 1.8001(9) nm³, Z = 2. The main feature of the crystal structure is a symmetric binuclear unit made up of two slightly distorted coordination octahedrons, which are bridged by TCB in monodentate fashion to each metal ion. Moreover three nitrogen atoms from three imidazoles, three oxygen atoms from two water molecules and one carboxylate group of TCB coordinated to a nickel (I) ion are found on a face of the octahedron respectively, so the octahedron is a facial isomer.     

Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of C60‐carbazole Adducts

Three C₆₀‐carbazole adducts have been synthesized by 1, 3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Intramolecular energy/electron transfer from carbazole to C₆₀ was observed by steady‐state absorption and fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence spectra of these adducts were similar to each other and dependent on the excitation wavelength and solvent.     

Types of saltwater intrusion of the Changjiang Estuary

The Changjiang Estuary is characterized by multi-order bifurcations, unsteady sub-merged sandbars, mid-channel sandbars, creeks and riffles. The following four types of saltwater intrusion are found: (1) direct intrusion from the sea; (2) intrusion during tidal flooding; (3) intrusion from tidal flats overflow; and (4) salt water coming upstream through other waterways. These result in a complicated temporal and spatial salinity distribution. A high chlorinity concentration zone exists from the Liuhekou to the Sidongkou along the South Branch. The salinity during neap tide or ordinary tide is higher than during spring tide.