X-ray reflectivity study on gold films during sputter deposition

We performed in-situ X-ray reflectivity measurements of gold films during sputter deposition on polished silicon substrates. The measurements were performed at several substrate temperatures and under two argon pressures. The gold surfaces were also examined by scanning tunneling microscopy after deposition to obtain their real-space topographic images. These images were used to complement the X-ray reflectivity measurements in determining the effect of argon pressure on the gold surface and its height-height difference functions. An approximation for height-height difference functions was employed to analyze the X-ray reflectivity data. The measured interface width during growth followed a simple power law, consistent with recent theoretical results of dynamic scaling behavior. The scaling exponents, however, do not agree well with predictions based on some models in 2 + 1 dimensions.     

Determination of optical nonlinearities in Cu(mpo)2 by Z-scan technique

The optical nonlinearities of Cu(mpo)₂ [formula = C₁₀H₈N₂CuO₂S₂] complex have firstly been investigated by using the Z-scan technique with a nanosecond-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at its second harmonic (532 nm) radiation. The nonlinear optical absorption and refraction coefficients of Cu(mpo)₂ have been measured with the different on-axial peak irradiances I ₀ at the waist ranging from 0.48 to 5.66 GW/cm². The nonlinear transmittance characteristics exhibit the near resonant two-photon absorption (TPA) at 532 nm and are explained by a population redistribution model. The nonlinear absorption originates from the near resonant TPA while the mechanism of the nonlinear refraction is the near resonant TPA transition enhancement. The linear increasing dependences of the optical nonlinearities on the incident irradiance arise from the population redistribution due to the near resonant TPA.     

The Study of MMW and MW Attenuation Considering Multiple Scattering Effect in Sand and Dust Storms at Slant Paths

The influence of sand and dust storms on modern MMW and satellite communication systems reliability have been paid more attention to. The attenuations induced by sand and dust storms are estimated by means of Mie-theory and Rayleigh approximation, in the case of the tenuous distribution of particles. With the particle density increasing, however, these method become inadequate, the multiple scattering effects then become dominant for attenuation estimation. The attenuations considering multiple scattering effects are estimated by Monte-Carlo and four fluxes method at horizontal paths. At slant paths, based on multi-layer media model, the attenuations considering multiple scattering effects are calculated by layered Monte-Carlo method at 100, 37, 24, and 14GHz. It is shown that the multiple scattering effects should be considered at the attenuation prediction in the sand and dust storm, which the visibility is about 0.5km and smaller than 0.5km and frequency is about 20GHz. Above 30GHz, the multiple scattering effects due to sand and dust particles should be considered, as visibility is about 1km and smaller than 1km at slant paths.     

中心波长为28.5nm多层膜镜反射率测量

在“星光-Ⅱ”装置上以类Ne铬x射线激光作为标定源，以平场光栅谱仪为分光元件进行了285nm的Mo/Si多层膜反射镜效率测量.介绍了实验方法，给出了实验结果，本次研制的两块多层膜镜反射率分别为31%和9.6%. 关键词： x射线多层膜反射镜 反射率测量 x射线激光     

简单有效的运动汽车投影阴影分割算法

在实时的车型识别系统中,由于光照的影响,需要一种简单快速有效的方法将汽车车体与其阴影分割开。利用阴影的光谱属性,同时根据阴影的几何特征及阴影区域内的点和汽车的空间位置、形状等相关特点,提出一种基于小波变换多分辨率特性的阴影分割算法,该算法能有效地分割出阴影与目标之间的分界线。先利用阴影的光谱属性对阴影进行粗分割,然后利用小波变换的多尺度性对候选阴影点进行特征提取,从而获取最后的阴影分界线。该方法不需要事先确定光源的方向、车体的彩色信息和背景纹理信息,能有效地分割任何颜色、任何背景纹理下、任何光源方向下的运动汽车投影阴影。实验表明,该方法定位准确,处理速度快,抗噪能力强,为进一步的车型识别提供基础。     

真空紫外光激发下掺Pr3+铝酸盐的自陷激子对Pr3+发光的影响

研究了SrAl12 O19:Pr3+和Y3Al5O12(YAG):Pr3+在20K,77K和300K的真空紫外(VUV)光谱,二者除了表现出Pr3+特有的发射性质外,还产生了一种特殊的发射现象,即自陷激子(STE)发射,并且其随着稀土离子浓度和温度的降低而增强.还着重讨论了自陷激子对Pr3+发光的影响.     

980 nm激发下Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂ZrO2-Al2O3粉末的上转换发光特性

通过固相反应法制备了Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂ZrO2-Al2O3粉末的样品,并对样品在980nm激光激发下的上转换发光特性进行了研究.从发射光谱可以发现,在可见光范围内有3个强的发光带,一个位于654nm附近的红光带和两个分别位于545nm、525nm附近的绿光带,分别对应于Er3+离子的以下辐射跃迁:4F9/2→4I15/2、4S3/2→4I15/2、2H11/2→4I15/2.其中又以Er3+离子的4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁产生的红色荧光辐射最强.对其上转换发光机制进行了分析,发现这三个发光过程都是双光子过程.对样品粉末进行了XRD检测,发现ZrO2主要以立方相为主,并且计算得到了这种立方结构的晶格常数.Al2O3固溶于ZrO2中,Al3+嵌入ZrO2后产生氧空位,导致ZrO2晶体的对称性降低,这种结构变化更有利于提高上转换效率,即上转换发光强度增强.     

3D building reconstruction from aerial CCD image and sparse laser sample data

An approach for 3D building reconstruction automatically based on aerial CCD image and sparse laser scanning sample points is presented in this paper. The geometry shape of a building is shown very clearly in the aerial high-resolution CCD image, so we use Laplacian sharpening operator and threshold segmentation to extract the edges of CCD image first, and then pixel connectivity is used to extract the linear features in the CCD image. Bi-direction projection histogram and line matching are proposed to extract the contours of buildings. The height of the building is determined from sparse laser sample points which are within the contour of the buildings extracted from CCD image; therefore the 3D information of each building is reconstructed. We reconstruct 3D buildings correctly by this approach using real aerial CCD and sparse laser rangefinder data.     

高温退火对蓝宝石基片的表面形貌和对CeO缓冲层以及Tl-2212超导薄膜长的影响

研究了蓝宝石(1102)基片在不同温度和时间下退火时表面形貌和表面相结构的变化,以及它对CeO2缓冲层和T1-2212超导薄膜生长的影响.原子力显微镜(AFM)研究表明,在流动氧环境中1000℃温度下退火,蓝宝石(1102)的表面首先局部区域形成台阶结构,然后表面形成叠层台阶结构,随着退火时间的延长.表面发生了台阶合并现象,表面形貌最终演化为稳定的具有光滑平台的宽台阶结构.XRD测试表明,通过高温热处理可以大幅度提高蓝宝石基片表面结构的完整性.在1000℃温度下热处理20 h的蓝宝石(1102)基片上可以生长出具有面内取向的CeO2(001)缓冲层.在具有缓冲层的蓝宝石基片上可以制作出高质量c轴织构的外延11-2212超导薄膜,其临界转变温度(Tc)为104.7 K,液氮温度下临界电流密度(Jc)达到3.5 MA/cm2,微波表面电阻R(77 K,10 GHz)约为390μΩ.     

基于生物视觉center-surround机制的光团目标检测与跟踪

基于生物视觉的center-surround机制,提出一种用改进的LoG(Laplacian of Gaussian)算子检测光团目标的方法。首先明确了光团目标的成像模型,分析了LoG算子的性质及其响应,接着提出了归一化的LoG算子。理论上指出该算子可用于检测光团目标。仿真和实验证明：该算子可以用于检测图像中已知大小和未知大小的光团目标,并且实用性优于其他常规方法。结合Kalman滤波和粒子滤波,该算子还可以用于序列图像中单目标和刚体的跟踪。理论推导和实验结果表明,该方法是稳健和高效的。