全文获取类型
收费全文 | 632篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 514篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 7篇 |
数学 | 25篇 |
物理学 | 96篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 39篇 |
2011年 | 40篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 34篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 41篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1928年 | 2篇 |
1910年 | 2篇 |
1909年 | 2篇 |
1885年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有647条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Hitoshi Kubota Yukitaka Murata Yoshitaka Ogiwara 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1973,11(2):485-492
The effects of swelling of the sample and polymerization solvents were studied for photo-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on cellulose. The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was activated by swelling of the sample or organic solvent-water solutions within a certain range of their concentrations. Though each organic solvent gave a maximum in per cent grafting and the number of grafts at about 25 vol-% concentration, the initiation reaction scarcely took place at 100% concentration; thus, the solvent itself is considered to have a negative effect. The solvents used in the experiments were all hydrophilic, such as methanol, acetone, and dioxane. The average molecular weight of the grafted PMMA differed in each solvent, indicating a different characteristic effect of solvent on the growing grafted polymer radicals. The presence of ferric ion as a sensitizer stimulated further the contributions of the sample swelling and the organic solvents to the copolymerization reaction. A similar effect was observed for styrene as for MMA, but not for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. 相似文献
2.
Yoshitaka Ogiwara Hitoshi Kubota 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1971,9(9):2549-2559
Graft copolymerization initiated by ultraviolet light irradiation at 40°C in a hard glass vessel under nitrogen was examined. The graft copolymerization was observed to occur easily after some induction period without any use of photosensitizer, though it was found the per cent grafting and the grafting efficiency were markedly affected by the quantities of cellulose and monomer. In the system without cellulose, homopolymerization of methyl methacrylate hardly took place, but the use of cellulose caused the formation of homopolymer too, and a grafting efficiency in the range of 60–80% generally resulted. Ferric chloride or sodium anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonate (AQ) acted on the polymerization reaction as photosensitizers to reduce its induction period. Though ferric chloride acted to develop both the per cent grafting and the number of grafts, not the same effects were observed with AQ. Oxalic acid, which was employed with the object of eliminating very small amount of metals contained in cellulose, was found to act favorably in the formation of grafts, much like ferric chloride. 相似文献
3.
Hitoshi Kubota Yoshitaka Ogiwara Kei Matsuzaki 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1974,12(12):2809-2819
The decay behavior of cellulose radicals produced by photo-irradiation at room temperature and the characteristics of photo-irradiated cellulose samples to initiate graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) were investigated. ESR spectra of such untreated, swollen, oximated, and ferric ion-sensitized samples irradiated at room temperature were constructed mainly of a single absorption line with a line width of 20 to 22 gauss and a g value of 2.003, and it is surely conceivable that the radicals showing a singlet spectrum should agree with those of alkoxy end produced at either the C1 or C4 position of the glucose unit by the scission of glucosidic bonds. The decay of radicals was accelerated by contact of various solvents with the samples, the activity decreasing in the order, water ≈ methanol ? acetone > dioxane. On the other hand, the decay of radicals by vinyl monomers became smaller in the order, methacrylic acid > MMA ≈ styrene. Graft copolymerization of MMA by a photo-irradiated sample was effectively initiated with the use of a certain amount of water or methanol, but not with acetone and dioxane. As no initiation can occur with the unirradiated sample, it is concluded that the initiation of graft copolymerization on the photo-irradiated sample is attributable to cellulose radicals showing a singlet spectrum which are formed in photo-irradiation at room temperature. 相似文献
4.
Tone Takahashi Hideki Tomita Motoi Nakayama Yoshitaka Adachi Volker Sonnenschein Tetsuo Iguchi Klaus Wendt 《Hyperfine Interactions》2013,218(1-3):133-138
2D coordination polymer iron(II) spin crossover complexes containing 3,5-lutidine with host framework Fe(3,5-lutidine)2Ni(CN)4were synthesized. Their spin crossover properties were studied by temperature dependent 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Materials show gradual incomplete spin crossover with distinct thermochromism, while only 25 % of iron(II) ions are switched to the low spin state at 80 K, as determined by a detailed 57Fe Mössbauer study. 相似文献
5.
Yoshitaka Ishii Koichi Hirao Takehiko Terao Tsutomu Terauchi Makoto Oba Kozaburo Nishiyama Masatsune Kainosho 《Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance》1998,11(3-4):169-175
A solid state NMR method is presented for determination of a backbone dihedral angle φ in peptides, being based on the previously reported method, relayed anisotropy correlation (RACO) NMR [Y. Ishii et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 256 (1996) 133]. In the present method, the
and the
dipolar tensors in the
system are two-dimensionally (2D) correlated via polarization transfer from
to
under magic angle spinning (MAS). This method was applied to N-acetyl
,
-valine, and the H–C–N–H dihedral angle was determined to be 154.0±1.4° or 206.0±1.4°, the former agreeing with the X-ray value of 154±5°. 相似文献
6.
Yoshitaka Nakano Yoshihiro Irokawa Yasunobu Sumida Shuichi Yagi Hiroji Kawai 《固体物理学:研究快报》2010,4(12):374-376
We have investigated electronic deep levels in two AlGaN/GaN hetero‐structures with different current collapses grown at 1150 and 1100 °C by a photo‐capacitance spectroscopy technique, using Schottky barrier diodes. Three specific deep levels located at ~2.07, ~2.80, and ~3.23 eV below the conduction band were found to be significantly enhanced for severe current collapse, being in reasonable agreement with photoluminescence and capacitance–voltage characteristics. These levels probably originate in Ga vacancies and residual C impurities and are probably responsible for the current collapse phenomena of the AlGaN/GaN hetero‐structures. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
7.
Second harmonic generation circular dichroism (SHG CD) measurements are performed on the B4 phase of a bent-core molecular system. Numerical analysis of SHG CD incorporating magnetic-dipole as well as electric-dipole interaction shows that the B4 phase is in a twist-grain-boundary structure with the helical axis along the bent direction of the molecules. The result is extremely important in the sense that achiral molecules are spontaneously optically resolved, i.e., deracemization, the chiral domains of which give rise to huge chiral nonlinear optical effect. 相似文献
8.
9.
A systematic perturbation theory is developed for the ESR shift and is applied to the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain with a general anisotropic exchange interaction. Using the Bethe ansatz technique, the resonance shift is obtained exactly for the whole range of temperature and magnetic field in the first order of the anisotropy. The obtained g shift strongly depends on magnetic fields at low temperature, showing a significant deviation from the previous classical result. 相似文献
10.
Kazuya Itsuki Yoshitaka Michihiro Shigeki Endou Koichi Nakamura Takashi Ohno 《Solid State Ionics》2009,180(14-16):917-921
Under the harmonic approximation, the contributions from the indirect ionic interactions to the elastic constants are calculated for the alkali halide and silver halide crystals with the rock-salt structure. The coupling constants of the indirect ionic interactions are calculated by the self-consistent field treatment of the local density approximation and the spherical solid model. The calculated values of the coupling constants are large for the silver ion. The indirect ionic interaction significantly affects the elastic constants. It quantitatively explains the deviation from the Cauchy relation in alkali halide crystals. Moreover, it provides a clear account for the large values of the deviation from the Cauchy relation in AgCl and AgBr. 相似文献