Class number parity for cyclotomic fields

We give a simple criterion for the parity of the class number of the cyclotomic field.

     

Synthesis of labda-8(17),13(14)-diene-15,16-olide and 15,16-epoxy-labda-8(17),13(16)-14-triene and their rearrangement to clerodane derivatives

The title compounds 1b and 1c were synthesized from manool. On treatment with either trifluoroacetic acid or formic acid 1b provided in nearly 100% yield 4a with a rearranged labdane skeleton. With sulfuric acid, however, 1b gave solely Δ^8,9-isomer 5. Reduction of 4a with lithium diisobutylaluminum hydride afforded 4b. On treatment with sulfuric acid 4a reverted to 5. Rearrangement of the epoxide 6 with boron trifluoride- etherate led to a complex product mixture from which no pure substance was obtained.     

Effects of a magnetic field on triplet-triplet annihilation in a Pt-phthalocyanine single crystal at 4.2 K

Mutual annihilation of triplet excitons in Pt-phthalocyanine single crystal at 4.2 K has been studied under magnetic fields of up to 100 kG through the measurement of the phosphorescence decay by Q-switched ruby laser excitation. The maximum annihilation rate γ which is larger than that of zero magnetic field by 40–50% is obtained at magnetic fields of 30–40 kG. The annihilation rate γ is of the order of 10⁻¹² cm³/s.     

Photoluminescence of cis- and trans-polyacetylene

The emission intensity in cis-(CH)_χ increases a little and the emission peak shifts a little to shorter wavelength with increasing temperature, which can be interpreted by the distribution of several emission centers in energy. Photoluminescence is also observed in trans-(CH)_χ at around 1.03 μm for the first time.     

Hadroproduction of heavy quark flavors in QCD

Within the framework of perturbative QCD, we investigate the hadroproduction of charmed particles via two-gluon as well as quark-pair annihilation. The total production cross section is found to be sensitive to the choice of the scale parameter Q² and in general not free from non-perturbative effects. Charmed-particle production in the high-p_T region is also studied.     

Numerical study of localization in Anderson model for disordered systems

The localization properties in the Anderson model of two dimensional square lattices are investigated numerically. Pretty large lattices composed of 10⁴ (= 100 × 100) sites are dealt with, and the overall behaviors of the eigenvectors near the band center are directly examined. Fairly sharp transition and the exponentially decaying localized states are visualized.     

A self-consistent cluster theory of amorphous materials

A cluster method for the electronic structure of amorphous materials is presented with an application to amorphous diamond. Eight-atom cluster model gives a pseudogap in the density of states.     

Efficient asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids through hydrogenation of α,β-dehydroamino acid residue in cyclic dipeptides

A series of cyclo (Δaminoacyl-L-Ala) ($\text{4}$) (Δ=α,β-dehydro) were prepared from cyclo(Gly-L-Ala) and corresponding aldehyde, and hydrogenated with Pd black in MeOH. Chiral inductions producing cyclo (L-aminoacyl-L-Ala) ($\text{5}$) from $\text{4}$ were 96–99% in the case of L-Aba (2-aminobutanoic acid), L-Val, L-Leu, and L-App (2-amino-5-phenylpentanoic acid) as an L-aminoacyl moiety in $\text{5}$. Pure L-Leu, L-Aba, and L-App were synthesized in preparative scale from corresponding $\text{4}$ through asymmetric hydrogenation and acid-hydrolysis.     

Elektronenspektren von 1,1-Diphenyl?thylen und Benzophenon

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Correlation between the hard and soft character and the visible absorption spectra of Xylenol Orange and Methylthymol Blue complexes with bivalent metal ions

The changes in the spectra of Xylenol Orange and Methylthymol Blue complexes with several bivalent metal ions have been investigated in terms of the chemical bonding between the phenolic oxygen atom and the metal ion, and the hard and soft character of the donor and acceptor. The value of this approach to indicator action is discussed.