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J.P. DuignanI.D.H. Oswald I.C. SageL.M. Sweeting K. TanakaT. Ishihara K. HiraoG. Bourhill 《Journal of luminescence》2002,97(2):115-126
There are many reports in the literature of a spectral difference between the triboluminescence (TL) spectrum and the solid-state photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the same compound. Numerous reasons have been suggested for this difference including pressure-induced changes to Franck-Condon factors during the lifetime of the TL light emission; self-absorption of the TL emission and fracture-induced symmetry changes perturbing the local field of the TL emitting species. However, in a number of cases, the luminescent spectra were recorded on different equipment with different spectral responses, with the resolution of either luminescent spectrum rarely quoted. To avoid artificial spectral differences, care must be taken to account for the response of each equipment over the wavelength range studied, as well as any resolution difference. We have therefore measured the TL and solid-state PL spectra of sixteen TL compounds on the same spectrometer at an identical resolution. Furthermore, the solid-state photoluminescent lifetime has been determined for all samples and the implication that these values have for observing pressure-induced (Franck-Condon) luminescent spectral changes discussed. Finally, in all cases where a significant difference was observed between TL and PL spectra, either self-absorption of the TL emission or fracture-induced perturbations of the local field have been evoked to explain the difference. 相似文献
74.
We study the size dependence of the nonlinear response of weakly confined excitons for the size region beyond the long wavelength approximation regime. The observed degenerate-four-wave mixing signal of GaAs thin layers exhibits an anomalous size dependence, where the signal is resonantly enhanced at a particular thickness region. The theoretical analysis elucidates that this enhancement is due to the size-resonant enhancement of the internal field with a spatial structure relevant to the nondipole-type excitonic state. These results establish the formerly proposed new type of size dependence of nonlinear response due to the nonlocality induced double resonance. 相似文献
75.
Doping transition metal cation is known to enhance the electronic conduction of solid electrolytes, however, the ionic conduction
can also be improved by those dopants. In this investigation, the oxide ion conductivity of LaGaO3 based oxide doped with transition metal cations such as Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cu for the Ga site was studied. It was found
that doping Co or Fe is effective for enhancing the oxide ion conductivity. The improved oxide ion conductivity may be induced
by the improved mobility of oxide ion. Among examined transition metal cations, cobalt is the most adequate cation as a dopant
for the Ga site of LSGM. Considering the conductivity and the transport number, the optimized composition is found to be La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.115Co0.085O3. In this work, application of Co2+ doped LSGM as the electrolyte of internally reformed fuel cells was also investigated. Improvement in oxide ion conductivity
is effective for enhancing the power generation characteristics.
Paper presented at the 4th Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Renvyle, Galway, Ireland, Sept. 13–19, 1997 相似文献
76.
77.
The electrical resistance of a linear chain metal Nb3Te4 were measured from 1.3 to 320 K. The residual resistance ratio is about 3. Nb3Te4 shows an anomaly in the resistivity vs temperature at about 80 K, suggesting an occurrence of a charge-density-wave transition. The transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistance at 4.2 K are proportional to the magnetic field in the range of 2–58 kOe. In the superconducting region close to the transition temperature Tc, the critical magnetic field Hc2 is proportional to δT=Tc?T. The angular dependence of Hc2 fits well with the fluxoid model of the Ginzburg-Landau theory. The ratio of the critical fields parallel and perpendicular to the chain direction is 4.8. 相似文献
78.
We have measured luminescence spectra of 2H-PbI2 at different temperatures between 77 and 180 K. The lower energy tail of the luminescence band due to free exciton annihilation decreases exponentially with decreasing the photon energy over an order of magnitude, which corresponds to the Urbach tail in the absorption spectrum. This fact suggests that the exciton state corresponding to the exponential tail is in the thermal equilibrium and the steepness coefficient δ0 = 1.67 in Urbach rule is obtained also from the luminescence spectra. 相似文献
79.
The emission spectra of naphthalene (NP)–triethylamine (TEA) systems were measured under steady-state illumination conditions in some protic and aprotic solvent-tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixtures. The fluorescence spectrum of the NP–TEA system in THF could be separated into two component bands (band A at 329 nm (fluorescence of NP) and band B at 468 nm (emission from an intermolecular exciplex)). The intensities of bands A and B decreased with increasing solvent polarity. The intensity of band B also decreased owing to the hydrogen-bonding interaction between TEA and protic solvents, but in this case the intensity of band A increased. The decrease in the intensity of band A with increasing solvent polarity is considered to be caused by the enhanced formation of an ion-pair parallel to the formation of an exciplex with increasing solvent polarity. The decrease in the intensity of band B is considered to be caused by the enhanced formation of ion-pair both parallel to and through the formation of the exciplex. The increase in the intensity of band A and the decrease in that of band B upon the addition of protic solvents is caused by the decrease in the concentration of free TEA. Acetonitrile only has a polar effect and trichloroacetic acid only has a hydrogen-bonding (protonation) effect, while alcohols have both the effects. 相似文献
80.
Aliu E Andringa S Aoki S Argyriades J Asakura K Ashie R Berns H Bhang H Blondel A Borghi S Bouchez J Burguet-Castell J Casper D Cavata C Cervera A Cho KO Choi JH Dore U Espinal X Fechner M Fernandez E Fukuda Y Gomez-Cadenas J Gran R Hara T Hasegawa M Hasegawa T Hayashi K Hayato Y Helmer RL Hill J Hiraide K Hosaka J Ichikawa AK Iinuma M Ikeda A Inagaki T Ishida T Ishihara K Ishii T Ishitsuka M Itow Y Iwashita T Jang HI Jeon EJ Jeong IS Joo K Jover G Jung CK Kajita T Kameda J Kaneyuki K Kato I 《Physical review letters》2005,94(8):081802
We present results for nu(mu) oscillation in the KEK to Kamioka (K2K) long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. K2K uses an accelerator-produced nu(mu) beam with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV directed at the Super-Kamiokande detector. We observed the energy-dependent disappearance of nu(mu), which we presume have oscillated to nu(tau). The probability that we would observe these results if there is no neutrino oscillation is 0.0050% (4.0 sigma). 相似文献