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81.
Lv Z Fu Y Hou S Wang D Wu H Zhang C Chu Z Zou D 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(21):10076-10083
A high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell prototype has been designed and fabricated, in which the working electrode and counter electrode are in direct contact and singly twisted. The cell is sealed in a capillary. In this solar cell configuration, the area ratio between the counter and working electrode is extremely low which allows the independent adjustment of electrolyte volume and the distance between counter electrode and photo-anode. Also it is more easily sealed compared to planar solar cell. The effects of TiO(2) film thickness, twisted pitch of counter electrode and length of device have been investigated. Our results indicate that this novel configuration has demonstrated excellent modularization function, three dimensional light harvesting capacities and the relative independence of incident light angles due to the symmetry structure. The power conversion efficiency of one cell of 9.5 cm in length can reach up to 5.41% at standard test condition (100 mW cm(-2)) and the power output may double under intense diffuse illumination. As far as we know, this is the longest and most efficient fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell consisting of liquid electrolyte. The longer the fiber-shaped solar cell is, the more suitable it is for woven solar power textile if it is encapsulated in transparent flexible plastic capillary. 相似文献
82.
本文提出了一个新的未知量子态共享方案,使用一个非最大纠缠的五粒子Cluster态作为量子通道来实现任意两粒子未知量子态的共享. 即就是发送方(Alice),接收方(Bob)和控制方(Charlie)共享一个非最大纠缠的五粒子Cluster态. 与以前传统方案不同,在本方案中发送方引入一个辅助粒子,并对其手中的粒子进行正交完备基测量,而接收方不需要引入辅助粒子,只需要执行适当的幺正操作,即可以方便的完成信息的顺利接收. 控制方通过对自己手中的粒子做单粒子投影测量来控制和协助通信双方,使得任意两粒子的未知量子态共享方案得以成功实现.
关键词:
量子态共享
五粒子Cluster态
正交完备基测量
单粒子投影测量 相似文献
83.
In this paper, we obtain some Gel'fand widths of anisotropic Sobolev periodic classes of smooth functions, and average Gel'fand widths of anisotropic Sobolev classes of smooth functions. 相似文献
84.
前文介绍了新型双功能氧电极材料Pb_2[Ru_(2-x-g)Sb_xPb_y]O_(7-z)焦绿石型复合氧化物(简称Pb-Sb-Ru氧化物)的合成及其性能。本文介绍氧在该氧化物上还原及析出的动力学特性。 1 实验方法 1.1 材料的制备 Pb-Sb-Ru氧化物的制备、检测方法同文献中的材料4~#。 相似文献
85.
Liling Sun Arthur L. Ruoff Chang-Sheng Zha 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2006,67(12):2603-2608
Optical properties of solid methane (CH4) were studied at high pressure and room temperature using a diamond anvil cell. Reflectivity and transmission measurements were used to measure the refractive index to 288 GPa. Fabry-Perot interferometery was used to measure the sample thickness to 172 GPa. This data was fitted to the derived expression of thickness vs. pressure that was then used to calculate the thickness to 288 GPa. This in turn was combined with optical absorption experiments to obtain the absorption coefficient and hence the extinction coefficient k*. From combined reflection and absorption experiments the refractive index n=ns+ik* was obtained. The index of refraction and the ratio of molar refraction to molar volume showed a large increase between 208 and 288 GPa. This behavior indicated that a phase transformation of insulator-semiconductor might have occurred in solid CH4 by 288 GPa. 相似文献
86.
The non‐reflective boundary conditions (NRBC) for Navier–Stokes equations originally suggested by Poinsot and Lele (J. Comput. Phys. 1992; 101 :104–129) in Cartesian coordinates are extended to generalized coordinates. The characteristic form Navier–Stokes equations in conservative variables are given. In this characteristic‐based method, the NRBC is implicitly coupled with the Navier–Stokes flow solver and are solved simultaneously with the flow solver. The calculations are conducted for a subsonic vortex propagating flow and the steady and unsteady transonic inlet‐diffuser flows. The results indicate that the present method is accurate and robust, and the NRBC are essential for unsteady flow calculations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
87.
88.
本文研究了L(IR)中的卷积函数类在L_2(IR)中的平均σ-K宽度且得到一些精确结果.同时,对非卷积情形,得到一些渐近结果. 相似文献
89.
A sorted partial jacobi method and its convergence analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jacobi methods for computing the eigendecomposition of a class of so-called low-rank-plus-shift symmetric matrices are investigated. An order-of-magnitude reduction in the computational complexity can be achieved for this special class of matrices by terminating the Jacobi sweep early in a cyclic ordering. It is proved that these partial sweeps combined with sorting the diagonals still deliver quadratic convergence. It is also shown that useful results can still be obtained even if the low-rank-plus-shift structure only holds approximately. 相似文献
90.
An efficient Euler and full Navier–Stokes solver based on a flux splitting scheme is presented. The original Van Leer flux vector splitting form is extended to arbitrary body-fitted co-ordinates in the physical domain so that it can be used with a finite volume scheme. The block matrix is inverted by Gauss–Seidel iteration. It is verified that the often used reflection boundary condition will produce incorrect flux crossing the wall and cause too large numerical dissipation if flux vector splitting is used. To remove such errors, an appropriate treatment of wall boundary conditions is suggested. Inviscid and viscous steady transonic internal flows are analysed, including the case of shock-induced boundary layer separation. 相似文献