Analysis on electrical characteristics of high-voltage GaN-based light-emitting diodes

<正>In order to investigate their electrical characteristics,high-voltage light-emitting-diodes(HV-LEDs) each containing four cells in series are fabricated.The electrical parameters including varying voltage and parasitic effect are studied. It is shown that the ideality factors(IFs) of the HV-LEDs with different numbers of cells are 1.6,3.4,4.7,and 6.4.IF increases linearly with the number of cells increasing.Moreover,the performance of the HV-LED with failure cells is examined.The analysis indicates that the failure cell has a parallel resistance which induces the leakage of the failure cell.The series resistance of the failure cell is 76.8Ω,while that of the normal cell is 21.3Ω.The scanning electron microscope(SEM) image indicates that different metal layers do not contact well.It is hard to deposit the metal layers in the deep isolation trenches.The fabrication process of HV-LEDs needs to be optimized.     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸络合萃取邻氨基苯酚的机理

在二（2-乙基己基）磷酸（D2EHPA）络合萃取邻氨基苯酚（OAP）实验中,研究了稀释剂种类、溶液的初始pH值等因素对OAP稀溶液分配比（D）的影响。溶液的初始pH值对萃取结果影响较大,当初始pH值在pKa1和pKa2之间时,分配比出现峰值;二（2-乙基己基）磷酸主要是通过离子缔合和质子交换来实现萃取的,而稀释剂则主要是物理萃取,在同一浓度下,二（2-乙基己基）磷酸的萃取能力随稀释剂的极性增大而提高,极性环境优于惰性稀释剂环境。红外光谱分析证明萃取过程存在离子交换和离子缔合反应。     

基于衍射理论的Z扫描技术分析与数值模拟

以菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射理论为基础,对通过非线性介质的高斯光束传输行为进行理论分析,分别给出了强吸收、无吸收情况下开孔、闭孔Z扫描曲线公式;对不同条件下非线性介质的归一化透过率进行数值模拟计算,发现Z扫描曲线透射峰和透射谷表现出3种新的特性:随着入射激光峰值光强的增加,Z扫描曲线透射峰的高度受到抑制,而透射谷则加强变得更深;非线性相移的增加对Z扫描曲线透射峰和透射谷均有增高和加深的作用;激光束束腰半径越大,Z扫描曲线的峰谷特征越明显。     

High-power ultraviolet 278 nm laser from fourth-harmonic generation of a Nd:YAG laser in CsB3O5

We demonstrate a high-power UV 278 nm laser by fourth-harmonic generation (FHG) of a 1112 nm Nd:YAG laser in a nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal CsB3O5 (CBO) for the first time, to our best knowledge. A 30 W level diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1112 nm with beam quality factor M2=1.2 was used as the fundamental light source at a pulse width of 500 ns. With an LiB3O5 crystal, the 1112 nm laser was first frequency-doubled to 556 nm with an average output power of 13.5 W. It was then frequency doubled again in a CBO crystal to obtain the FHG output at 278 nm. The maximum average output power of the 278 nm laser is up to 1.5 W. The results demonstrated that CBO crystal is a promising NLO material for UV high-power lasers below 300 nm.     

Properties of asymmetrically evolved community networks

This paper studies a simple asymmetrically evolved community network with a combination of preferential attachment and random properties. An important issue about community networks is to discover the different utility increments of two nodes, where the utility is introduced to investigate the asymmetrical effect of connecting two nodes. On the other hand, the connection of two nodes in community networks can be classified as two nodes belonging to the same or to different communities. The simulation results show that the model can reproduce a power-law utility distribution P(u)～u^-σ, σ = 2 + 1/p, which can be obtained by using mean-field approximation methods. Furthermore, the model exhibits exponential behaviour with respect to small values of a parameter denoting the random effect in our model at the low-utility region and a power-law feature with respect to big values of this parameter at the high-utility region, which is in good agreement with theoretical analysis. This kind of community network can reproduce a unique utility distribution by theoretical and numerical analysis.     

Simultaneous chromatic dispersion monitoring,extinction ratio enhancement and wavelength conversion using four-wave mixing

This paper presents a multi-functional all-optical device performs simultaneous chromatic dispersion (CD) monitoring, extinction ratio (ER) improvement and tunable wavelength conversion using four-wave mixing (FWM) in a single piece of highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNLF). The multi-functional ability arises from the nonlinear power transfer function (PTF) between the input signal and the output idler wave, which not only maps the CD information of the signal onto the average power of idler wave, but also transfers the data information to the idler wave with ER enhancement, making the device compact and cost effective. Furthermore within the wavelength tuning range the monitoring sensitivity and output ER can be much higher compared to all optical monitors and regenerators proposed before. Numerical simulations are then used to demonstrate the efficiency of this method.     

Temperature independent leakage current in Au/TbMnO3/Y Ba2Cu3O7−x capacitors

Au/TbMnO₃/Y Ba₂Cu₃O_7?x capacitors were fabricated on LaAlO₃ substrates and electrical characteristics were studied in the temperature range from 300 to 25 K. When temperature is higher than 225 K, Ohmic conduction is observed in the capacitors. Non-linear current–voltage characteristics are exhibited at low temperatures. Moreover, temperature-independent leakage currents are found at temperatures lower than 150 K. These electrical characteristics can be explained in terms of conduction transition originated from a thermal activation between 225 and 150 K, and the temperature-independent leakage currents are governed by the Poole–Frenkel emission and minor trap ionization energies.     

Equation of state and elastic properties of ACrO3 (A=Pb,Ca, Sr and Ba) perovskites under high pressure

We employ the spin-polarized generalized gradient approximation within the density functional theory to investigate the equation of state, magnetism and elastic constant of cubic ACrO₃ (A=Pb, Ca, Sr, and Ba) perovskite. The antiferromagnetic phase is the most stable state at zero pressure. Under pressure, the ferromagnetic state will transform to the non-magnetic state. Considering the effect of magnetism, the equilibrium lattice constant, the bulk modulus and the high pressure equations of state agree well with the available experiments. By using the energy-strain method, the predicted elastic properties are satisfactory.     

Enhanced slow light propagation in photonic crystal waveguides using angular properties of scatter elements

Applicability of the angular properties of scatter elements as a tool to achieve improved slow light performance with small group velocity dispersion and large bandwidth in photonic crystal waveguides is investigated. A polyatomic photonic crystal waveguide, including two scatter elements with different geometrical shapes in each primitive cell, is proposed to investigate the feasibility of our method. Numerical results show that a versatile control of the dispersion relation of slow light modes, with large normalized delay-bandwidth products ranging from 0.2085 to 0.3394, can be obtained using a unique geometrical parameter.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Fe3Al Nanostructured Intermetallics

Nanostructured Fe₃Al intermetallic compounds were produced by using hydrogen arc plasma method. The transmission electron microscopy experiments showed that the average particle size of the as-synthesized was about 40-nm. The change in hardness of Fe₃Al nanostructured intermetallic compounds with annealing temperatures was observed and evaluated.