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131.
The thermal chemistry of allyl alcohol (CH2CHCH2OH) on a Ni(100) single-crystal surface was studied by the temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The allyl alcohol adsorbs molecularly on the metal surface at 100 K. Intact molecular desorption from the surface occurs at temperatures around 180 K, but some molecules exhibit chemical reactivity on the surface: activation of the OH, CC, and CO bonds produces η1(O)-allyloxy CH2CHCH2O(a), η2(C, C) allyl alcohol (C(a)H2C(a)HCH2OH), and η3(C, C, O)-alkoxide (C(a)H2C(a)CH2 O(a)) intermediates. Further thermal activation of allyl alcohol on the surface yields propylene (CH2CHCH3), 1-propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH), propanal (CH3CH2CHO), and combustion and dehydrogenation products (H2O, H2, and CO). Propylene desorbs from the surface at temperatures of around 270 K. Hydrogenation to the η3(C, C, O)-alkoxide intermediate leads to the production of propanal which desorbs from the surface around 320 K, while hydrogenation of the η2(C, C) allyl alcohol intermediate produces 1-propanol, which desorbs at around 310 K. The co-adsorption of hydrogen atoms on the surface enhances the formation of the saturated alcohol, while co-adsorption of oxygen enhances the formation of both the saturated alcohol and the saturated aldehydes. 相似文献
132.
摘要:原子系统中的相干效应一直是当前科学研究的热点。本文在典型的双能级系统中引入光场激发能级之间粒子的相干跃迁,通过讨论光场开启后直到系统达到稳定的量子相干过程,分析系统从瞬态到达稳态的吸收特性和粒子布居特性,并进一步讨论通过改变光场强度对其特性进行的调控。 相似文献
133.
Substituent effects on gas‐phase homolytic Fe–N bond energies of m‐G‐C6H4NHFe(CO)2(η5‐C5H5) and m‐G‐C6H4N(COMe)Fe(CO)2(η5‐C5H5) studied using density functional theory methods 下载免费PDF全文
One of the most fundamental properties in chemistry is the bond dissociation energy, the energy required to break a specific bond of a molecule. In this paper, the Fe–N homolytic bond dissociation energies [ΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s] of 2 series of (meta‐substituted anilinyl)dicarbonyl(η5‐cyclopentadienyl) iron [m‐G‐C6H4NHFp ( 1 )] and (meta‐substituted α‐acetylanilinyl)dicarbonyl(η5‐cyclopentadienyl) iron [m‐G‐C6H4N(COMe)Fp ( 2 )] were studied using density functional theory methods with large basis sets. In this study, Fp is (η5‐C5H5)Fe(CO)2, and G is NO2, CN, COMe, CO2Me, CF3, Br, Cl, F, H, Me, MeO, and NMe2. The results show that Tao‐Perdew‐Staroverov‐Scuseria, Minnesota 2006, and Becke's power‐series ansatz from 1997 with dispersion corrections functionals can provide the best price/performance ratio and accurate predictions of ΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s. The ΔΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s ( 1 and 2 ) conform to the captodative principle. The polar effects of the meta‐substituents show the dominant role to the magnitudes of ΔΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s. σα· and σc· values for meta‐substituents are all related to polar effects. Spin‐delocalization effects of the meta‐substituents in ΔΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s are small but not necessarily zero. RE plays an important role in determining the net substituent effects on ΔHhomo(Fe–N)'s. Insight from this work may help the design of more effective catalytic processes. 相似文献
134.
Electronic band structure of a type-II ’W’ quantum well calculated by an eight-band k·p model 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, we present an investigation of type-II 'W' quantum wells for the InAs/Ga1-xInxSb/AlSb family, where 'W' denotes the conduction profile of the material. We focus our attention on using the eight-band k?p model to calculate the band structures within the framework of finite element method. For the sake of clarity, the simulation in this paper is simplified and based on only one period---AlSb/InAs/Ga1-xInxSb/InAs/AlSb. The obtained numerical results include the energy levels and wavefunctions of carriers. We discuss the variations of the electronic properties by changing several important parameters, such as the thickness of either InAs or Ga1-xInxSb layer and the alloy composition in Ga1-xInxSb separately. In the last part, in order to compare the eight-band k?p model, we recalculate the conduction bands of the 'W' structure using the one-band k?p model and then discuss the difference between the two results, showing that conduction bands are strongly coupled with valence bands in the narrow band gap structure. The in-plane energy dispersions, which illustrate the suppression of the Auger recombination process, are also obtained. 相似文献
135.
介绍了HL-2A装置上用于二级加热系统的PSM高压脉冲电源的反馈控制系统.该电源控制系统以DSP+FPGA作为控制核心,输出112路驱动脉冲,以此来控制112个IGBT的通断,包括了驱动、通信、计算、反馈等部分,使电源系统输出稳定高压.设计了远程通信系统,其中基于VB的上位机与控制系统之间采用CAN总线技术来实现电源系统的相关参数设定及传输.DSP与FPGA实现了计算、反馈等功能.完成了相关的代码编写与系统测试.实验测试结果表明,该控制系统实现了高压电源的稳定输出,满足了实验的需求. 相似文献
136.
莫晓虎 张建勇 张清江 Achasov Mikhail 蔡啸 傅成栋 Harris Fred 刘倩 Muchnoi Nikolay 秦庆 屈化民 王贻芳 徐金强 张天保 《中国物理 C》2011,35(7):642-655
Understanding the radiation background at the north crossing point (NCP) in the tunnel of BEPCII is crucial for the performance safety of the High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector, and in turn of great significance for long-term stable running of the energy measurement system. Therefore, as the first step, a NaI(Tl) detector is constructed to continuously measure the radiation level of photons as background for future experiments. Furthermore, gamma and neutron dosimeters are utilized to explore the radiation distribution in the vicinity of the NCP where the HPGe detector will be located. Synthesizing all obtained information, the shielding for neutron irradiation is studied based on model-dependent theoretical analysis. 相似文献
137.
138.
A model to modulate acoustic field in a regenerator of a thermoacoustic system by the double loudspeakers method is presented in this paper. The equations are derived for acoustic field modulation. They represent the relations among acoustic field (complex pressure p(0), complex velocity u(0), and acoustic impedance Z(0)), driving parameters of loudspeakers (voltage amplitude and its phase difference), and operating parameters involved in a matrix H (frequency, temperature of regenerator). The range of acoustic field is adjustable and limited by the maximal driving voltages of loudspeakers according to driving parameters. The range is simulated and analyzed in the amplitude-phase and complex coordinate planes for a given or variable H. The simulated results indicate that the range has its intrinsic characteristics. The expected acoustic field in a regenerator can be obtained feasibly by the modulation. 相似文献
139.
140.
针对大型直线感应加速器单次工作的特点,研制了一种电容放电式脉冲励磁电源。该电源利用电容器的储能特性,取代常规电源的变压整流滤波部分,先对其以小电流恒流充电,然后再以大电流恒流放电来获得直线感应加速器励磁电流。对这种电源进行了理论分析和模拟计算,模拟结果与实验结果基本一致。实验结果表明:这种电源能够脉冲工作,同时输入功率大幅度降低,在输出电流500 A,持续时间0.3 s时,输入功率400 W,输出功率25 kW,电流稳定度0.2%, 谐波小, 电流纹波小,所用电容器100块左右(33 mF),经济上也可承受,是一种非常适合直线感应加速器的励磁电源。 相似文献