Synthesis of New Substituted 4-Amino-3,5-dinitropyridine Derivatives

Facile synthetic routes for the preparation of some new 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridine derivatives have been revealed. Nitration of 2-chloropyridin-4-amine （1） as a starting material, in an unexpected one-step reaction, to give dinitrated derivatives, followed by nucleophilic substitution reactions with sodium azide, potassium fluoride, ammonia, methylamine, and 4-nitroimidazol, respectively, gave substituted 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridine derivatives. Meanwhile, its azide derivative underwent a ring closure conversion into 7-amino-6-nitro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]- pyridine-1-oxide. It is of significance that all of the nucleophilic substitution reactions were carried out under mild conditions.     

Bi(OTf)3-catalyed One-pot Synthesis of α-Halo-β-amino Ketones and Acyl Aziridines from 3-Aryl Propargyl Alcohols

A Bi(OTf)₃-catalyed reaction of 3-aryl propargyl alcohols with sulfonamide and halogen source was firstly investigated, which provided a facile route for the synthesis of a large variety of α-halo-β-amino ketones. The key intermediates, β-amino ketones, were obtained through tandem Meyer-Schuster rearrangement reaction of propargyl alcohols and intermolecular Michael addition of α, β-unsaturated ketones and sulfonamide. Then the in situ generated α-halo-β-amino ketones underwent the base-promoted intramolecular cyclization to give diverse acyl aziridines in a one-pot fashion. These transformations are reliable on a large scale. The high yields and convenient experimental operations make it a valuable method for the construction of α-halo-β-amino ketones and acyl aziridine derivatives.     

Nonlinear magneto-mechanical-thermo coupling characteristic analysis for transport behaviors of carriers in composite multiferroic piezoelectric semiconductor nanoplates with surface effect

In this paper, to better reveal the surface effect and the screening effect as well as the nonlinear multi-field coupling characteristic of the multifunctional piezoelectric semiconductor (PS) nanodevice, and to further improve its working performance, a magneto-mechanical-thermo coupling theoretical model is theoretically established for the extensional analysis of a three-layered magneto-electro-semiconductor coupling laminated nanoplate with the surface effect. Next, by using the current theoretical model, some numerical analyses and discussion about the surface effect, the corresponding critical thickness of the nanoplate, and the distributions of the physical fields (including the electron concentration perturbation, the electric potential, the electric field, the average electric displacement, the effective polarization charge density, and the total charge density) under different initial state electron concentrations, as well as their active manipulation via some external magnetic field, pre-stress, and temperature stimuli, are performed. Utilizing the nonlinear multi-field coupling effect induced by inevitable external stimuli in the device operating environment, this paper not only provides theoretical support for understanding the size-dependent tuning/controlling of carrier transport as well as its screening effect, but also assists the design of a series of multiferroic PS nanodevices.

     

Nanoscale Magnetic Stirring Bars for Heterogeneous Catalysis in Microscopic Systems

Nanometer‐sized magnetic stirring bars containing Pd nanoparticles (denoted as Fe₃O₄‐NC‐PZS‐Pd) for heterogeneous catalysis in microscopic system were prepared through a facile two‐step process. In the hydrogenation of styrene, Fe₃O₄‐NC‐PZS‐Pd showed an activity similar to that of the commercial Pd/C catalyst, but much better stability. In microscopic catalytic systems, Fe₃O₄‐NC‐PZS‐Pd can effectively stir the reaction solution within microdrops to accelerate mass transfer, and displays far better catalytic activity than the commercial Pd/C for the hydrogenation of methylene blue in an array of microdroplets. These results suggested that the Fe₃O₄‐NC‐PZS‐Pd could be used as nanoscale stirring bars in nanoreactors.     

数字束流位置信号处理算法优化

在已有束流位置信号下变频算法的设计与实现的基础上,优化了算法时序,设计实现了数字自动增益控制、慢应用信号处理等模块功能,能获得逐圈、快应用及闭轨数据。上海光源储存环上的束流测试结果显示,处理器可正确获取包含束流真实运动的多速率位置数据。在174 mA储存环流强、500个束团的填充模式时,逐圈位置数据分辨力达到0.84 m,快应用位置数据分辨力达到0.44 m,闭轨位置数据分辨力达到0.23 m,性能满足设计要求。     

采用球面波叠加法还原自由声场的方法

为解决非自由声场中近场声全息重建时,干扰声在目标声源表面产生的散射影响,提出一种基于球面波叠加法的自由场还原技术。该技术首先采用基于球面波叠加法的声场分离技术获得向内和向外传播的声场,然后以目标声源的表面导纳作为边界条件,实现目标声源辐射声和散射声的分离,从而获得等效于自由声场的测量条件。该技术为准确实现非自由声场中的噪声源识别创造了条件。文中首先详细描述了该技术的基本原理,并提出一种最优球面波展开项数选取方法,最后通过数值仿真说明了该技术的有效性。结果表明:在频率较低时,散射声影响较小,采用声场分离技术和自由场还原技术效果相当;但随着频率升高,散射声影响逐步增强,必须采用自由场还原技术才能准确获得目标声源辐射声。     

基于低频部分元等效电路法的共地干扰

基于低频部分元等效电路（PEEC）模型计算接地回路电流和电势分布,研究分析了共地传导干扰机理。基于混合位积分方程建立了低频PEEC模型,并与边界元方法的结果对比验证其准确性。基于PEEC模型实现对导体中三维电流分布的计算,获得了典型大导体接地回路的电流分布,分析了频率对电流分布的影响特性。结果表明,地导体中电流分布主要集中在接地极附近,两接地极间会由于电感感抗的影响而呈现出电势差,揭示了接地回路中的共地传导干扰机理,建立的PEEC模型能够有效应用于共地干扰分析与抑制。     

基于等效源法的平面近场声全息及其实验研究

目前的平面声源全息重建与预测的主要方法是基于FFT的近场声全息技术,但是该方法存在卷绕误差、边缘重建误差等很多固有的影响重建精度的因素,有时甚至会导致重建结果严重失真。本文提出将等效源法应用于平面声源的全息算法,由于该方法不涉及到波数域空间变换,所以避免了卷绕误差和边缘重建误差,简化了计算过程,有利于工程实际推广。文中首先从理论上推导出了等效源法用于平面声源的理论模型,并以点激励固支板的声辐射实验,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

Properties and morphologies of UV‐cured epoxy acrylate blend films containing hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate/hyperbranched polyester

The properties and morphologies of UV‐cured epoxy acrylate (EB600) blend films containing hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate (HUA)/hyperbranched polyester (HPE) were investigated. A small amount of HUA added to EB600 improved both the tensile strength and elongation at break without damaging its storage modulus (E′). The highest tensile strength of 31.9 MPa and an elongation at break around two times that of cured pure EB600 were obtained for the EB600‐based film blended with 10% HUA. Its log E′ (MPa) value was measured to be 9.48, that is, about 98% of that of the cured EB600 film. The impact strength and critical stress intensity factor (K_1c) of the blends were investigated. A 10 wt % HUA content led to a K_1c value 1.75 times that of the neat EB600 resin, and the impact strength of the EB600/HPE blends increased from 0.84 to 0.95 kJ m^?1 with only 5 wt % HPE addition. The toughening effects of HUA and HPE on EB600 were demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy photographs of the fracture surfaces of films. Moreover, for the toughening mechanism of HPE to EB600, it was suggested that the HPE particles, as a second phase in the cured EB600 film, were deformed in a cold drawing, which was caused by the difference between the elastic moduli of HPE and EB600. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3159–3170, 2005     

Witten's $D_4$ Integrable Hierarchies Conjecture

The authors prove that the total descendant potential functions of the theory of Fan-Jarvis-Ruan-Witten for $D_4$ with symmetry group $\genj$ and for $D_4^T$ with symmetry group $G_{\rm max}$, respectively, are both tau-functions of the $D_4$ Kac-Wakimoto/Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy. This completes the proof, begun in the article by Fan-Jarvis-Ruan (2013), of the Witten Integrable Hierarchies Conjecture for all simple (ADE) singularities.