Phenomenological study on the significance of the scalar potential and Lamb shift

We indicated in our previous work that for QED the contributions of the scalar potential, which appears at the loop level, is much smaller than that of the vector potential, and in fact negligible. But the situation may be different for QCD, the reason being that the loop effects are more significant because \alpha_m s is much larger than \alpha, and secondly the non-perturbative QCD effects may induce the scalar potential. In this work, we phenomenologically study the contribution of the scalar potential to the spectra of charmonia. Taking into account both vector and scalar potentials, by fitting the well measured charmonia spectra, we re-fix the relevant parameters and test them by calculating other states of the charmonia family. We also consider the role of the Lamb shift and present the numerical results with and without involving the Lamb shift.     

“小学生互联网使用行为调查”应用案例

实际调研课题中常常面对各种条件的限制,无法按照教科书上严格的抽样设计去实施。但是,研究者完全有可能通过简化的、兼顾学性和操作性的设计,以及各个环节认真细致的质量控制,得到相对高质量的调查数据和分析结论。本文拟用2009年暑假笔者主持完成的"小学生互联网使用行为调查"课题为案例,实事求是地展示一个实际的抽样调查的全过程,希望笔者的体会和思考能对读者有所启示。     

气相色谱法测定养殖环境沉积物中硫丹及代谢物残留

建立了养殖环境沉积物中α-硫丹、β-硫丹和硫丹硫酸盐残留的气相色谱测定方法.用丙酮和石油醚提取沉积物中的硫丹,用由下至上依次填充弗罗里硅土、活性炭和无水硫酸钠的玻璃层析柱净化提取物,浓缩后气相色谱(ECD检测器)检测.结果显示,浓度范围为0.500～100μg/L线性良好,最低检出限和最低定量限分别为0.9μg/kg和...     

不同波段的紫外辐射对DNA构象影响的拉曼光谱研究

研究了小牛胸腺DNA水溶液经不同时问不同波段紫外辐射后的拉曼光谱。结果表明：仅仅经过9min强度为18．68W／m^2。的全波段紫外辐射,DNA就遭到了严重损伤：表征PO2^-对称伸张振动的1094cm^-1谱线分裂成4条谱线．说明DNA构象遭到破坏,构型发生了变化。UV—A＆UV—B波段的紫外辐射对DNA的影响比全波段的紫外辐射对DNA的影响小得多,但经过较长时间辐射后,仍对DNA构型构象产生了影响,即A型构象增强,B型构象减弱．经过2h的UV—A辐射,出现了表征A型构象的805cm^-1和816cm^-1谱线,且816cm^-1峰与未经辐射的表征A型的803cm^-1峰相比,强度大得多。经过16h的UV—A辐射后,805cm^-1谱线消失,816cm^-1谱线移到了813cm^-1,且强度减弱50％,表明水溶液中的DNA在UV—A照射中A型构象不稳定,处于变化之中。     

UV-A区段紫外辐射对DNA影响的拉曼光谱研究

检测了小牛胸腺 DNA水溶液经 2 h和 16 h UV- A区段紫外辐射的拉曼光谱。实验结果表明 ,该区段紫外辐射对 DNA的影响要比全波段紫外辐射的影响小得多。主链构象基本上没有受到影响。经过较长时间的 UV- A区段紫外辐射后 ,DNA受到了较轻的损伤。 80 3— 816 cm-1间峰的变化表明 DNA链不同区段的构型处于不断的变化之中。脱氧核糖的特征峰 ,或强度有所下降 ,或峰发生了位移 ,或者两种变化皆有 ,表明 A区段紫外辐射对 DNA的脱氧核糖有所损伤。胸腺嘧啶的 6 81cm-1、75 2 cm-1和 1177cm-1谱线都发生了变化 ,表明胸腺嘧啶也受到了影响。但嘌呤碱基和胞嘧啶基本上没有受到影响。     

环自发磁化的几个物理问题的研究

本文总结了我们对π环自发磁化的几个相关物理问题的研究结果.首先分析计算了有一个结是π结的三结π环的自发磁化,发现与单结π环明显不同,当β=2πLIc/φ0趋于零时,环中仍有自发磁化.详细计算表明随温度下降,β增大,自发磁化磁矩很快上升并趋于φ0/2,能和实验很好的符合.继而运用Runge-Kutta四步积分法分析了一个双结π环电路在输入脉冲电流触发下自发磁化电流的翻转过程.并在此基础上计算了电感系数,输入脉冲电流的峰值和峰宽等因素对翻转过程的影响,获得了自发磁化电流在电触发下翻转的一般规律.最后分析和计算了耦合双π环的自由能,结果表明当两个π环自发磁化方向相反时系统的能量较低,还证明了互感为0时的反向自发磁化是来自量子效应.     

氨基酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼效应

文章报道了通过制备合适的银胶盐纳米溶液 ,得到的甘氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼光谱。低波数 2 38cm-1谱带的出现 ,表明氨基酸分子已与银表面产生明显吸附。在所得SERS图谱中 ,表征C—C基团的 90 0～ 930cm-1谱带、表征NH2 基团的 110 0cm-1左右谱带和表征COO-基团的14 0 0cm-1附近的谱带振动都得到显著加强 ,其原因主要是通过羧基基团及氨基基团与银粒子表面产生吸附 ,增强机制属于化学增强 ,为短程效应。本实验中 ,当银胶溶液 pH值降低时 ,对拉曼散射的增强效果影响不大。     

Kinetics of Infection-Driven Growth Model with Birth and Death

We propose a two-species infection model, in which an infected aggregate can gain one monomer from a healthy one due to infection when they meet together. Moreover, both the healthy and infected aggregates may lose one monomer because of self-death, but a healthy aggregate can spontaneously yield a new monomer. Consider a simple system in which the birth/death rates are directly proportional to the aggregate size, namely, the birth and death rates of the healthy aggregate of size k are J1 k and J2k while the self-death rate of the infected aggregate of size k is J3k. We then investigate the kinetics of such a system by means of rate equation approach. For the J1 〉 J2 case, the aggregate size distribution of either species approaches the generalized scaling form and the typical size of either species increases wavily at large times. For the J1 = J2 case, the size distribution of healthy aggregates approaches the generalized scaling form while that of infected aggregates satisfies the modified scaling form. For the J1 〈 J2 case, the size distribution of healthy aggregates satisfies the modified scaling form, but that of infected aggregates does not scale.     

Testing Bell inequality at experiments of high energy physics

Besides using the laser beam, it is very tempting to directly testify the Bell inequality at high energy experiments where the spin correlation is exactly what the original Bell inequality investigates. In this work, we follow the proposal raised in literature and use the successive decays J/ψ→γηc→ΛΛˉ→pπ-pˉπ+ to testify the Bell inequality. Our goal is twofold, namely, we first make a Monte-Carlo simulation of the processes based on the quantum field theory (QFT). Since the underlying theory is QFT, it implies that we pre-admit the validity of quantum picture. Even though the QFT is true, we need to find how big the database should be, so that we can clearly show deviations of the correlation from the Bell inequality determined by the local hidden variable theory. There have been some critiques on the proposed method, so in the second part, we suggest some improvements which may help to remedy the ambiguities indicated by the critiques. It may be realized at an updated facility of high energy physics, such as BES Ⅲ.     

HL-2A等离子体边缘极向剩余胁强的研究

首次报导了托卡马克等离子体边缘与湍流相关的极向剩余胁强剖面的测量结果。采用外中平面往复式静电探针阵列对HL-2A托卡马克边缘的极向湍流动量输运进行研究。在没有外部动量注入的欧姆放电下,剩余胁强为有限值、且其空间剖面在等离子体边缘具有明显的径向梯度,表明托卡马克等离子体边缘存在极向动量源。由动量源产生的动量主要以扩散形式向与剩余胁强相反的方向传播,最终的结果是等离子体边缘存在有限的雷诺胁强。在最后闭合磁面以内0.5~2cm区域,剩余胁强的梯度提供自发旋转的力矩,由该力矩引起的动量产生与由速度梯度引起的动量扩散共同导致了雷诺胁强出现负梯度,造成动量沉积,从而驱动极向平衡流。