Cooperatively assembled liquid crystals enable temperature-controlled Förster resonance energy transfer

Balancing the rigidity of a π-conjugated structure for strong emission and the flexibility of liquid crystals for self-assembly is the key to realizing highly emissive liquid crystals (HELCs). Here we show that (1) integrating organization-induced emission into dual molecular cooperatively-assembled liquid crystals, (2) amplifying mesogens, and (3) elongating the spacer linking the emitter and the mesogen create advanced materials with desired thermal–optical properties. Impressively, assembling the fluorescent acceptor Nile red into its host donor designed according to the aforementioned strategies results in a temperature-controlled Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system. Indeed, FRET exhibits strong S-curve dependence as temperature sweeps through the liquid crystal phase transformation. Such thermochromic materials, suitable for dynamic thermo-optical sensing and modulation, are anticipated to unlock new and smart approaches for controlling and directing light in stimuli-responsive devices.

A temperature-sensitive Förster resonance energy transfer system was constructed using a highly emissive liquid crystal co-assembled with Nile red, enabling thermo-optical modulation for controlling and directing light in stimuli-responsive devices.     

Quantum mechanics in Dirac's front form

In 1949 Dirac published a paper in which he proposed various ways to combine special relativity with the Hamiltonian formulation of dynamics; these were referred toas forms and three differentforms, theinstant, thepoint, and thefront forms, were discussed. Dirac considered thefront form to be mathematically the most interesting. Despite this, thefront form appears to have been the least explored. This paper presents the results of a study of quantum mechanics in thefront form.     

A high-power X-band pulsed microwave induced catalytic decomposition of methane with integral acoustic measurements

A high-power microsecond pulsed microwave system operating in the X-band region was used for the catalytic conversion of methane. Microwave microsecond pulses at repetition rates of 50 and 80 Hz were used to initiate chemical reactions. The Microwave-Induced Acoustic technique was employed in combination with gas chromatography for on-line detection of chemical products. Methane was converted to C₂ and C₃ hydrocarbons. The selectivity of ethane in hydrocarbon products can be >90 %. The contribution of hydrogen evolution and carbon deposition has been shown to be important. A comparison between previous experiments performed with millisecond pulse durations is given.     

A polystyrene-supported triflating reagent for the synthesis of aryl triflates

An insoluble polystyrene-supported triflating reagent has been prepared by suspension co-polymerization of N-(4-vinylphenyl)trifluoromethanesulphonimide, styrene and the JandaJel^® cross-linker. This reagent, in the presence of triethylamine, allows for the efficient synthesis of aryl triflates from a wide range of phenols in a process that permits the desired product to be isolated from the reaction mixture in essentially pure form via several filtration and concentration operations. Adding to the utility of this reagent is its ability to be easily recovered, regenerated and reused. Both soluble and insoluble bifunctional polymers containing trialkylamine moieties in addition to triflimide groups were also prepared and examined as triflating reagents. Unfortunately these reagents afforded only modest yields of the desired products in representative reactions.     

CIDEP studies of a radical pair produced upon excitation of the molecular complex of acridine and acridan in the solid state at room temperature

The time-resolved ESR signal of a triplet radical pair was detected upon excitation of a solid mixture of acridine and acridan at room temperature. The ZFS parameters of the triplet radical pair were determined to be D=−0.0100 cm⁻¹ and E=0.00053 cm⁻¹. The structure of the radical pair is discussed on the basis of the data.     

Chelating ion-exchangers containing n-substituted hydroxylamine functional groups: Part 6. Sorption and separation of gold and silver by a polyhydroxamic acid

The sorption and desorption characteristics of gold and silver on a polyhydroxamic acid chelating resin are described. Gold is quantitatively sorbed from 0.5 M nitric acid or neutral solutions, and readily eluted with 0.5% ($\text{w}\text{v}$) potassium cyanide solution. Silver is removed from 0.05 M nitric acid or neutral solutions, and can be eluted with the cyanide solution or with 0.5 M nitric acid. Gold can be quantitatively separated from copper, iron and silver; gold and silver are sorbed from dilute cyanide solutions. Tests with river water and other eluting systems are reported.     

简易型离子选择电极-流动注射分析仪的研制及卤水中氯、溴和碘的连续测定

本文设计研制了简单实用的流通池,组装了简易型离子选择电极—流动注射分析仪,对体系的分析特点和影响因素进行了考察。此装置性能可靠,能满足简单流注分析的需要,并建立了卤水中Cl~-、Br~-和I~-的连续测定方法。     

Nonlinear stability of circular vortex patches

This paper proves that circular vortex patches in the plane are stable for the nonlinear dynamical system generated by the Euler equations of incompressible fluids. This is achieved by establishing a relative variational principle in terms of either energy or angular momentum. Thus, we exploit and extend Arnold's idea in (1965, 1969) to a nonsmooth setting as well.Research partially supported by DOE contract DE-AT03-82ER12097 to the University of California, Berkeley