Direct Synthesis of High Purity Silicon Wires by Electrorefining in Molten KF-NaF Eutectic

The electrochemical synthesis silicon wires by electrorefining metallurgical grade silicon in thermally dried and pre-electrolyzed molten KF-NaF eutectic were studied at temperatures 800-900 oC using cyclic voltammetry and ac impedance. One oxidation peak at -0.14 V could be attributed to the reaction of Si to Si⁴⁺. A cathodic peak occurred at -0.56 V in the cyclic voltammogram and one response semicircle in the ac impedance spectrum was observed, supporting a one-step electrochemical reduction process of Si⁴⁺→Si. The electrochemical reaction of silicon was controlled by the diffusion process. The purity of electrorefined silicon wires was up to 99.999% by ICP-MS analysis.     

Formation and Characteristics of Acrylonitrile/Urea Inclusion Compound

The formation process and composition of the acrylonitrile/urea inclusion compounds (AN/UIC) with different aging times and AN/urea molar feed ratios are studied by differen-tial scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is suggested that DSC candetermine the guest/host ratio and the heat of decomposition. Meanwhile, the guest/host ratio and heat of decomposition are obtained, which are 1.17 and 5361.53 J/mol, respec-tively. It is suggested AN molecules included in urea canal lattice may be packed flat against each other. It is found that the formation of AN/UIC depends on the aging time. XRD results reveal that once AN molecules enter urea lattice, AN/UIC are formed, which possess the final structure. When AN molecules are sufficient, the length of AN molecular arrays in urea canals increases as aging time prolonging until urea tunnels are saturated by AN.     

混合模式色谱材料Click TE-GSH高效富集多磷酸化肽

多磷酸蛋白对于生物体适应内外环境具有重要意义,而明确多磷酸蛋白的磷酸位点功能及其信号转导机制尤为关键. 复杂生物样品中多磷酸化肽的低丰度、低电离的特性,以及非磷酸化肽的抑制作用,决定了质谱分析前进行多磷酸化肽富集是非常必要的步骤. 本工作采用基于巯基-烯烃点击化学法合成的混合模式材料Click TE-GSH进行单磷酸化肽和多磷酸化肽的选择性富集. 我们建立了单磷酸化肽、双磷酸化肽和多磷酸化肽的顺序分段富集方法. 该优化方法能抗干扰,应用于脱脂牛奶时富集到11条多磷酸化肽. 与商品化固化金属亲和色谱(IMAC)材料相比,Click TE-GSH富集多磷酸化肽的选择性更好. 本工作所建立的富集方法为高效富集多磷酸化肽提供新方法和新技术.     

Propagation of high-power partially coherent fibre laser beams in a real environment

The propagation performance of high-power partially coherent fibre laser beams in a real environment is investigated and the theoretical model of a high-power fibre laser propagating in a real environment is established. The influence of a collimating system and thermal blooming is considered together with atmospheric turbulence and mechanical jitter. The laser energy concentration of partially coherent beams in the far field is calculated and analysed based on the theoretical model. It is shown that the propagation performance of partially coherent beams depends on the collimating system, atmospheric turbulence, mechanical jitter and thermal blooming. The propagation performance of partially coherent beams and fully coherent beams is studied and the results show that partially coherent beams are less sensitive to the influence of thermal blooming, which results in that the energy degeneration for partially coherent beams is only 50% of that for fully coherent beams. Both partially coherent beams and fully coherent beams become less sensitive to thermal blooming when the average structural constant of the refraction index fluctuations increases to 1.7 × 10^-14 m^-2/3. The investigation presents a reference for applications of a high-power fibre laser system.     

Multiferroic tunnel junctions

Magnetic tunnel junctions with ferroelectric barriers, often referred to as multiferroic tunnel junctions, have been proposed recently to display new functionalities and new device concepts. One of the notable predictions is that the combination of two charge polarizing states and the parallel and antiparallel magnetic states could make it a four resistance state device. We have recently studied the ferroelectric tunneling using a scanning probe technique and multiferroic tunnel junctions using ferromagnetic La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ and La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ as the electrodes and ferroelectric (Ba, Sr)TiO₃ as the barrier in trilayer planner junctions. We show that very thin (Ba, Sr)TiO₃ films can sustain ferroelectricity up till room temperature. The multiferroic tunnel junctions show four resistance states as predicted and can operate at room temperatures.     

Properties of a dielectric plate using entangled two-photon states

We theoretically study the properties of a dielectric plate with a modified Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer. The fourth-order correlation functions are calculated in two regimes, which are divided depending on the relative size between the thickness of the dielectric plate and the one-photon coherence length. When the thickness of the dielectric plate is less than the one-photon coherence length, a novel modulation behavior of the coincidence rate is observed, which has not been discussed before. If the thickness of the dielectric plate is larger than the one-photon coherence length, coalescence and anti-coalescence are observed. The obtained results highlight the effects of a linear optical element on fourth-order interference.     

Eshelby’s problem in an anisotropic multiferroic bimaterial plane

We solve analytically the Eshelby’s problem in an anisotropic multiferroic bimaterial plane. The solution is based on the extended Stroh formalism of complex variables, and is valid for the inclusion of arbitrary shapes, described by a Laurent polynomial, a polygon, or the one bounded by a Jordan curve. Furthermore, the results in the corresponding half plane and full plane can be reduced directly from the bimaterial-plane solution. As such, the solution unifies the complex variable method and the Green’s function method, extending further to the multiferroic bimaterial plane of general anisotropy. The essential eigenfunctions are also identified by which the induced fields can be simply determined. Numerical results are presented to investigate the features of these eigenfunctions as well as the strain, electric and magnetic fields (components of the extended Eshelby tensor). Particularly, we present the values of these fields at the center of the N-side regular polygonal inclusion and also the average values of these fields over the inclusion area. The effect of the half-plane traction-free surface condition as well as the effect of various couplings on the induced fields is discussed in detail. For the N-side regular polygonal inclusion, it is found that, when the inclusion is in the full plane, both the center and average values of the Eshelby tensor are independent of the side number N, except for N = 4. We further show that the piezoelectric and piezomagnetic coupling coefficients could significantly affect the Eshelby tensor. These features should be useful in controlling the Eshelby tensor for the design of better multiferroic composites. Typical contours of the field quantities in and around the inclusion bounded by both straight and curved line segments in a multiferroic bimaterial plane are also presented.     

多自由度Maxwell阻尼器减震结构(Ⅱ)——等效阻尼

对多自由度带支撑Maxwell阻尼器减震结构的等效阻尼比进行了系统研究。构建了耗能结构一般微分和积分混合地震响应方程组;基于与多自由度随机平均法分析完全相同的等效准则,建立了耗能结构各振型等效阻尼比的一般解析计算式。与一些典型问题的模态应变能法的计算精度进行对比分析,结果显示:本文方法的计算结果在特定条件下与精确解完全相同;在一个二自由度系统中相对位移响应方差的误差分别为0.99%和0.45%,优于应变能法的8%和5.4%,表明了本文方法的有效性。从而为建立此类耗能结构等效阻尼分析的完备解析解法、直接应用反应谱法进行实际工程设计提供了依据。     

氨基络合物制备氨硼烷及放氢性能研究

以NaBH₄为硼源、氨基络合物Ni(NH₃)₆Cl₂为氨源制备高储氢容量的氨硼烷(NH₃BH₃, Ammonia Borane, AB)及其放氢性能研究. 通过XRD, FTIR, ¹¹B NMR, ICP等手段分析表征了所制备产物的组成和纯度, 在此基础上探究了原料比例、反应温度、时间和溶剂等因素对产物的影响. 同时, 对不同原料比制得氨硼烷的热解放氢性能进行了研究. 实验结果表明: 当物质的量NaBH₄∶Ni(NH₃)₆Cl₂＝2∶1经过10 h的反应, 得到了纯度非常高的氨硼烷(纯度＞99%)|以NaBH₄∶Ni(NH₃)₆Cl₂＝3∶1得到的氨硼烷, 当以2 ℃/min进行升温时, 氢气释放主要集中在第一步, 并且没有硼烷和硼嗪等杂质气体的产生. 另外, 在产物中得到了金属Ni纳米颗粒, 经洗涤干燥后其粒径大小可控制在10 nm左右, 在催化氨硼烷等材料的水解放氢方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

第一性原理研究Zr的掺杂对Xe在UO_2中溶解能力的影响

Zr既是反应堆中核燃料组件的包壳材料,也是核燃料UO_2的一种裂变产物,不可避免地会掺杂到UO_2中,对其性质等产生一定的影响.本文通过第一性原理密度泛函理论计算,研究了Zr掺杂所引起的Xe在UO_2中溶解能力的变化.首先应用引入Hubbard U修正的广义梯度近似密度泛函计算了U,O间隙和空位缺陷的形成能,结果与文献值符合,验证了计算方法的可靠性.在此基础上对Zr掺杂后空位缺陷的形成能及Xe吸附到空位缺陷所需的结合能的变化情况进行了研究.结果表明,Zr的掺杂会增加空位缺陷的形成能,减小大部分Xe吸附的结合能,且空位缺陷形成能的变化量普遍更大,从而在整体上增加了Xe在UO_2中的溶解能.说明在UO_2中,Zr掺杂主要是通过增加缺陷的形成难度而减弱了Xe在其中的溶解能力.