126.5 GPa准静水压下的光谱学实验

 本文介绍了作者利用国内加工的金刚石压砧装置及组建的微区光谱系统进行100 GPa（百万大气压）准静水压光谱学实验的概况，证明压力产生装置和微区光谱系统的多功能性是充分可靠的。实验中遇到的压力产生能力超过压力测量能力的事实，反映了高压光谱学实验在压力范围扩大时所遇到的挑战。文中对高压下的拉曼、发射、吸收及反射光谱的实验原理和实验方法也作了概略的介绍。     

喇曼型无引导场自由电子激光实验

EPA-74脉冲线加速器二极管改用凹面聚焦阴极产生束流,从有栅网阳极孔引出后,通过磁透镜将束流注进长1.5m,周期长3.45cm的双绕螺旋摇摆器中,摇摆器磁场为1.25kGs时,进入摇摆器均匀区的束流为280A,传输到均匀区末端束流130A。实验得到130dB/m的增长率和辐射输出饱和现象,饱和功率7.6MW,效率5％。由波导色散线和微波量热计分别测得辐射频率为37GHz和辐射能量48mJ。辐射波模为TE_(11)圆波模。     

双连续可调偏光分束器

介绍了一种性能优良的偏光分束器。该器件由4/2波片和可调分束角棱镜组合而成,同时具备强度比和分束角连续可调的功能。文中给出了此器件的结构、原理、理论分析和性能实验研究。实验与理论相符。     

Interfacial reaction of intermetallic compounds of ultrasonic-assisted brazed joints between dissimilar alloys of Ti6Al4V and Al4Cu1Mg

Ultrasonic-assisted brazing of Al4Cu1Mg and Ti6Al4V using Zn-based filler metal (without and with Si) has been investigated. Before brazing, the Ti6Al4V samples were pre-treated by hot-dip aluminizing and ultrasonic dipping in a molten filler metal bath in order to control the formation of intermetallic compounds between the Ti6Al4V samples and the filler metal. The results show that the TiAl(3) phase was formed in the interface between the Ti6Al4V substrate and the aluminized coating. For the Zn-based filler metal without Si, the Ti6Al4V interfacial area of the brazed joint did not change under the effect of the ultrasonic wave, and only consisted of the TiAl(3) phase. For the Zn-based filler metal with Si, the TiAl(3) phase disappeared and a Ti(7)Al(5)Si(12) phase was formed at the interfacial area of the brazed joints under the effect of the ultrasonic wave. Due to the TiAl(3) phase completely changing to a Ti(7)Al(5)Si(12) phase, the morphology of the intermetallic compounds changed from a block-like shape into a lamellar-like structure. The highest shear strength of 138MPa was obtained from the brazed joint free of the block-like TiAl(3) phase.     

External cavity diode laser with kilohertz linewidth by a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity optical feedback

We present a extended-cavity diode laser (ECDL) with kilohertz linewidth by optical feedback from a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity (MFC). In our experiments, an MFC replaces the retroreflecting mirror in the traditional ECDL configuration. Beat-note measurements between this MFC-ECDL and a narrow-linewidth reference laser are performed and demonstrate that the linewidth of this MFC-ECDL is about 6.8 kHz. Phase locking of this MFC-ECDL to the reference laser is achieved with a unity gain as small as 10.2 kHz.     

Light transmission properties of double-overlapped annular apertures

We investigate the light transmission properties of double-overlapped annular apertures in a silver film with the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. It has been found that the transmission peaks are attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of nanocavities and the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of the nanoparticles. The peaks of the LSPR are blueshifted when the overlapping distance is increased. Moreover, a Fano-type resonance appears in the transmitted spectral response with an appropriate overlapping distance, which is elucidated as the hybridization results of the SPPs of the nanoparticles. The number and position of the Fano resonance can be tuned through varying the overlapping distance and other geometric parameters.     

Ti-doped nano-porous graphene: A material for hydrogen storage and sensor

Clustering of Ti on carbon nanostructures has proved to be an obstacle in their use as hydrogen storagematerials. Using density functional theory we show that Ti atoms will not cluster at moderate concentrations when doped into nanoporous graphene. Since each Ti atom can bind up to three hydrogen molecules with an average binding energy of 0.54 eV/H₂, this material can be ideal for storing hydrogen under ambient thermodynamic conditions. In addition, nanoporous graphene is magnetic with or without Ti doping, but when it is fully saturated with hydrogen, the magnetism disappears. This novel feature suggests that nanoporous graphene cannot only be used for storing hydrogen, but also as a hydrogen sensor.     

Geometries, stabilities, and electronic properties of gold-magnesium (AunMg) bimetallic clusters

The geometrical structures, relative stabilities, and electronic properties of bimetallic Au_nMg (n=1-8) clusters have been systematically investigated by means of first-principle density functional theory. The results show that the ground-state isomers have planar structures for n=1-7. Here, the calculated fragmentation energies, the second-order difference of energies, the highest occupied-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps, and the hardness exhibit a pronounced odd-even alternation, manifesting that the clusters, especially Au₂Mg, with even-number gold atoms have a higher relative stability. On the basis of natural population analysis, the charge transfer and magnetic moment are also discussed.     

High-pressure crystal structure of elastically isotropic CaTiO3 perovskite under hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic conditions

The structural evolution of orthorhombic CaTiO3 perovskite has been studied using high-pressure single-crystal x-ray diffraction under hydrostatic conditions up to 8.1 GPa and under a non-hydrostatic stress field formed in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to 4.7 GPa. Under hydrostatic conditions, the TiO6 octahedra become more tilted and distorted with increasing pressure, similar to other 2:4 perovskites. Under non-hydrostatic conditions, the experiments do not show any apparent difference in the internal structural variation from hydrostatic conditions and no additional tilts and distortions in the TiO6 octahedra are observed, even though the lattice itself becomes distorted due to the non-hydrostatic stress. The similarity between the hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic cases can be ascribed to the fact that CaTiO3 perovskite is nearly elastically isotropic and, as a consequence, its deviatoric unit-cell volume strain produced by the non-hydrostatic stress is very small; in other words, the additional octahedral tilts relevant to the extra unit-cell volume associated with the deviatoric unit-cell volume strain may be totally neglected. This study further addresses the role that three factors--the elastic properties, the crystal orientation and the pressure medium--have on the structural evolution of an orthorhombic perovskite loaded in a DAC under non-hydrostatic conditions. The influence of these factors can be clearly visualized by plotting the three-dimensional distribution of the deviatoric unit-cell volume strain in relation to the cylindrical axis of the DAC and indicates that, if the elasticity of a perovskite is nearly isotropic as it is for CaTiO3, the other two factors become relatively insignificant.     

线圈炮电枢电磁-热耦合仿真分析

 从麦克斯韦方程组和导热微分方程出发,导出了3维多级感应线圈炮电磁场、温度场分布的基本方程,并以电磁场和温度场有限元分析为基础,建立了3维有限元分析模型,忽略级间的相互影响,多级线圈炮中电枢温升可以等效为多个单级电枢的温升,运用通用有限元分析软件ANSYS的耦合计算流程,对单级感应线圈炮中电枢电磁场和温度场进行仿真。计算中考虑了材料物理参数随温度变化对温度场的影响。仿真结果表明：电枢内的温升主要分布在电枢的外表面和尾部;电枢的温度随着电容器组电压和电容增加而升高,这是因为总能量增大,电枢中涡流也增大,从而电枢的温度升高;电枢的触发位置和速度匹配关系,也会对电枢温升造成很大的影响;电枢的温度随着级数的增加逐渐升高,说明电枢在一定级数后达到了材料的熔点而被破坏。