活性碳纤维阴极电芬顿反应降解微囊藻毒素研究

以具有高比表面积的活性碳纤维作为阴极,通过电芬顿反应降解水中微囊藻毒素(MCRR,MCLR)的电化学方法系统考察了电流密度、pH值和Fe2+浓度等因素对微囊藻毒素降解效果的影响.实验结果表明,在Fe2+浓度为1.0mmol/L和电流密度为6.6mA/cm2条件下,电化学处理60min,MCRR(8.81mg/L)去除率为75%,MCLR(6.36mg/L)去除率为94%.证明过氧化氢可以通过电化学还原在活性碳纤维阴极表面高效产生,微囊藻毒素可被高效降解去除.     

SnO2TiO2 复合半导体纳米薄膜的研究进展*

本文概述了SnO₂TiO₂ 复合半导体纳米薄膜的发展历史和研究现状,对比分析了“混合”、“核壳”和“叠层”3 种复合薄膜的结构和性能特点,着重论述了叠层结构的SnO₂ /TiO₂复合薄膜的光电化学和光催化特性。结合作者的研究工作,探讨了SnO₂ /TiO₂双层复合薄膜上下层厚度对其光催化活性的影响,指出复合薄膜光催化活性的提高可归因于电子从TiO₂ 向SnO₂ 的迁移。最后对SnO₂ /TiO₂复合薄膜的局限性和发展潜势做一简要分析,强调了该复合薄膜本身的应用特点。     

Octyl-type monolithic columns of 530 microm i.d. for capillary liquid chromatography

A novel monolithic capillary column (530 microm i.d.) was prepared for capillary liquid chromatography (CLC) by in situ copolymerization of octyl methacrylate (MAOE) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of a porogen solvent containing 1-propanol, 1,4-butanediol, and water with azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The influences of the contents of the porogen solvent, EDMA and the various concentration ratios of 1-propanol to 1,4-butanediol in the polymerization mixture on the morphology, porosity, globule size, stability and column efficiency were investigated. The morphology and pore size distribution of monolithic capillary columns were characterized by SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry, respectively. Chromatographic evaluations of the columns were performed under CLC mode. The results showed that good permeability and stability can be obtained under optimal experimental conditions. The separation results of some acid, neutral and basic analytes demonstrated the hydrophobicity and low affinity to basic analytes of the new column. Three metal ions, i.e. Mg(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) were also separated under ion-pair mode on the new monolithic capillary column and the results were acceptable.     

SnO2TiO2 复合半导体纳米薄膜的研究进展

本文概述了SnO₂TiO₂ 复合半导体纳米薄膜的发展历史和研究现状,对比分析了“混合”、“核壳”和“叠层”3 种复合薄膜的结构和性能特点,着重论述了叠层结构的SnO₂ /TiO₂复合薄膜的光电化学和光催化特性。结合作者的研究工作,探讨了SnO₂ /TiO₂双层复合薄膜上下层厚度对其光催化活性的影响,指出复合薄膜光催化活性的提高可归因于电子从TiO₂ 向SnO₂ 的迁移。最后对SnO₂ /TiO₂复合薄膜的局限性和发展潜势做一简要分析,强调了该复合薄膜本身的应用特点。     

Virtual screening of novel noncovalent inhibitors for SARS-CoV 3C-like proteinase

The SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase is considered as a potential drug design target for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Owing to the lack of available drugs for the treatment of SARS, the discovery of inhibitors for SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase that can potentially be optimized as drugs appears to be highly desirable. We have built a "flexible" three-dimensional model for SARS 3C-like proteinase by homology modeling and multicanonical molecular dynamics method and used the model for virtual screening of chemical databases. After Dock procedures, strategies including pharmocophore model, consensus scoring, and "drug-like" filters were applied in order to accelerate the process and improve the success rate of virtual docking screening hit lists. Forty compounds were purchased and tested by HPLC and colorimetric assay against SARS 3C-like proteinase. Three of them including calmidazolium, a well-known antagonist of calmodulin, were found to inhibit the enzyme with an apparent K(i) from 61 to 178 microM. These active compounds and their binding modes provide useful information for understanding the binding sites and for further selective drug design against SARS and other coronavirus.     

钛酸铅和钛酸钡振动性质及铁电相变的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函赝势的方法, 研究了不同晶相的钛酸铅和钛酸钡的振动模式. 没有发现钛酸铅存在低温相变的证据, 而钛酸钡则存在四方-正交和正交-三角铁电相变. 振动频率随四方应变的变化关系表明, 随着四方应变的增大, 软模的频率增大, 在某一个临界点, 不稳定的软模转变为稳定的振模. 由于钛酸铅具有较大的四方应变, 使得其能够在四方相稳定下来, 而钛酸钡较小的四方应变是其仍能够发生低温铁电相变的一个重要原因.     

蛋白质的电化学分析研究进展

对蛋白质的电化学分析的进展及应用进行综述。从蛋白质的极谱行为、在固体电极上的电化学行为、催化氢波、与小分子物质的配合作用等多角度介绍了近期的研究热点,分析了蛋白质化学研究的意义与现状,并对今后的发展方向作了展望,引用相关文献28篇。     

钒钼磷杂多酸催化苯直接羟化为苯酚的动力学研究

以钒钼磷杂多酸作为催化剂,用紫外可见分光光度法研究了过氧化氢直接将苯氧化羟基化为苯酚反应的动力学行为。结果表明,该氧化羟化反应速率对底物苯、氧化剂和催化剂都是一级反应,反应的活化能为57.73kJ.mol-1。本文推测了杂多酸配合物催化苯氧化羟化为苯酚反应的过程,建立了该反应动力学数学模型,模型很好地解释了实验结果。     

湿混法制备甲醇氧化重整制氢CuZnAlZr催化剂

用简易湿混法制备了用于甲醇氧化重整制氢的CuZnAlZr催化剂,与共沉淀法制备的催化剂比较,结果表明,湿混法制备的催化剂具有相当的中高温活性和略低的低温活性,有较高的CO2选择性。XRD、TPR、TG-DSC等表征结果显示,湿混法制备的催化剂中铜组分易于向表面迁移和富集,并可能与氧化铝作用生成铜铝复合氧化物,具有了更高的Cu分散度和Cu0比表面浓度。湿混法制备的催化剂对甲醇氧化重整反应有较好的稳定性,经100 h的连续反应,在275 ℃时甲醇转化率在90％以上,重整气中氢气体积分数大于60％,CO2选择性接近99％。     

液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱法测定鸡肉中17种磺胺类药物的残留

建立了鸡肉中17种磺胺类药物残留量的液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱测定方法。以稳定同位素13C6-磺胺二甲基嘧啶作为内标,采用多反应监测定量。样品经过匀浆、乙腈提取、正己烷脱脂、硅胶柱净化后进行液相色谱-质谱分析。采用Capcell Pak C8DD色谱柱,以均含0.2%甲酸的水和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱。方法检出限为0.02~1 μg/kg,17种磺胺类药物的加标回收率为52.3%~124.9%（添加水平为1,5,10　μg/kg),相对标准偏差为1.0%~17.6%。