弛豫法研究预交联颗粒凝胶的界面扩张流变性质

采用界面张力弛豫方法研究了一种新型聚合物--预交联颗粒凝胶(PPG)的界面流变性质, 考察了电解质及传统直链聚丙烯酰胺与PPG的相互作用对体系界面性质的影响, 计算得到了各体系界面扩张弹性和黏性的全频谱, 并通过归一法计算得到了相应的Cole-Cole图. 结果表明, 随着体相浓度的增加, PPG在界面层中形成网络结构, 界面扩张弹性和黏性大幅增强. 电解质能够中和PPG结构中的电荷, 明显降低扩张弹性和黏性. 直链聚丙烯酰胺与PPG在界面上可能形成更为复杂的结构, 膜的黏弹性由PPG决定.     

Treatment of mature landfill leachate by a continuous modular internal micro-electrolysis Fenton reactor

A modular internal micro-electrolysis Fenton reactor (MIME-Fenton) was specifically designed in order to facilitate the performance of internal micro-electrolysis (IME) technology in the treatment of mature landfill leachate. Excellent COD removal efficiency of 90.9 % by the new reactor of mature landfill leachate was observed in bench-scale treatment, which is 193–399, 415–551, and 226–457 % higher than that of conventional treatments of electrolysis, coagulation–sedimentation, and Fenton, respectively. The innovative concept behind the excellent performance is the novel two-step treatment, similar to the anaerobic–aerobic activated sludge method. It is based on a combination effect of reductive IME and oxidative IME with aeration processes and the integration of electro-aggregation and electro-coagulation. Initial pH and air flow rate were optimized, and the effect of auxiliary in situ regeneration of ferrous iron and generation of H₂O₂ was further investigated. The reactor was also particularly efficient in removal of color and HA, and in improvement of the BOD₅/COD ratio. All these results show that the MIME-Fenton reactor, a new approach of IME, is promising for mature landfill leachate treatment because it is efficient and easy to operate.     

考马斯亮蓝显色剂变色反应机理的研究

应用光谱法研究了考马斯亮蓝G-250（CBBG）显色剂变色反应的机理，考察了 不同实验条件对CBBG显色剂吸收光谱的影响。研究结果表明，CBBG显色剂在反应体 系中呈现出从蓝色→绿色→棕红色等多种颜色变化，主要是由CBBG分子间疏水相互 作用形成的聚集体聚集程度的不同所引起的。     

FLUORESCENCE STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF ST/DVB CROSSLINKED GELS DURING CHLOROMETHYLATION

1. INTRODUCTION Crosslinked polymer gels have solid-liquid dual performance, which play an important role in modern high technology [1]. A wide variety of functional and intelligent materials can be prepared via chemical modification of crosslinked polym…     

催化材料对病毒的吸附和灭活作用及对哺乳动物细胞的毒性

 提出了以吸附和催化原理灭活病毒的设想，旨在开发出对病毒有过滤、吸附及灭活作用的高效非特异性催化材料，应用于各种防护设施，有效控制非典型肺炎（SARS）的传播．采用与SARS病毒相似的副流感病毒作为模拟对象，进行了吸附及灭活该病毒的催化材料研究，并考察了催化材料对哺乳动物细胞的毒性．结果表明，病毒气溶胶的阻留及吸附结果与基于DNA吸附的色谱分析结果相一致；部分材料可以强烈地吸附病毒（100％），甚至在强烈振荡下并洗脱至第3次，病毒也不能脱附；一些材料不仅可以吸附病毒，而且强烈振荡后的洗脱液虽然表现出一定的血凝效价，但接种鸡胚后，病毒并不增殖，说明材料具有明显的催化病毒灭活性能；对细胞毒性极低的材料可以用在与人体接触的防护材料和设施中．筛选出的性能优异的催化材料，拟进一步考察其对SARS病毒的灭活作用．     

一种Λ型吡啶碘盐的合成和晶体结构

A new Λ type pyriding iodide was synthesized by reaction of 4-picoline and methyl diiodide. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV and TG. The crystal structure of the title compound was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic with space group C2/c, a=18.812(4)?, b=8.7816(6)?, c=10.3165(12)?, β=93.71(1), V=1700.7(4)?³, Z=4. In the molecule, two 4-picoline molecules are bonded by -CH₂ group to form Λ type pyridine salt. CCDC: 180871.     

硫酸铝生产过程中的萃取法除铁

Fe;萃取;硫酸铝生产过程中的萃取法除铁     

手性Salen金属配合物与咪唑类客体分子识别的研究

用光谱滴定法研究了手性Salen金属配合物(SalenFe~(III), SalenCo~(II))与 四种咪唑类客体在CH_2Cl_2中的分子识别行为，发现手性Salen金属配合物与咪唑 ，N－甲基咪唑，2－甲基咪唑的配位数为2，与克霉唑的配位数为1。各识别体系缔 合常数的顺序对SalenFe~(III)为: K(Im) > K(2-MeIm) > K(N-MeIm) > K(GMZ)， 对SalenCo~(II)为：K(Im) > K(2-MeIm) > K(N-MeIm)。测定的识别反应的△ _rG_m~0, △_rH_m~0, △_rS_m~0表明此类识别反应为放热、熵减少的过程，反应 体系存在焓－熵补偿关系。采用分子力学和量子化学方法进行的理论研究对实验结 果作出了合理的解释。     

基态UC2分子的结构和势能函数

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法和相对论有效原子实势理论模型(RECP),对UC2分子可能的结构进行优化计算,得到UC2分子稳定构型为角形C-U-C(C2v);由微观可逆性原理,判断了UC2分子的离解极限;并且导出了基态UC2分子(X 5B1)的多体项展式势能函数,其势能面等值图展现了C-U-C(C2v)稳定结构;根据势能面等值图,讨论了C+UC(X 3П)反应和U+C2(X 1∑+g)反应的势能面静态特征.     

“永固紫”染料和四氯苯醌中多氯代二苯并二噁/呋喃的分析

采用浓硫酸对5种不同来源的四氯苯醌和“永固紫”染料样品进行溶解分散,用甲苯提取和多层色谱柱纯化,利用同位素稀释法及高分辨气相色谱质谱(HRGCHRMS)联用技术,测定了其中的多氯代二苯并二口恶口英呋喃(PCDDF)的质量比。结果表明“永固紫”染料及其原料中PCDDF的质量比异常高,八氯代二苯并二口恶口英呋喃(OCDDF)已达到μgg级甚至100μgg级,七氯代二苯并二口恶口英呋喃(HpCDDF)和六氯代二苯并二口恶口英呋喃(HxCDDF)质量比也达到ngg级。所有样品的毒性当量浓度(TEQ)均已超过10pgg的危险水平,是纺织品中PCDDF的一类重要污染源。并进一步探讨了PCDDF的来源。