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991.
The major drawback of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for the analysis of mixtures is the non-quantitative nature of these studies. The ionization efficiency of the various components in the mixture (e.g., a compound and its metabolites) can vary greatly and, therefore, relative intensities of signals cannot be related to relative abundance. A chip-based nanoelectrospray ionization source was used to compare the ionization efficiencies of compounds with different physical-chemical characteristics. The data indicate that the ionization efficiencies vary much less with the chip-based device than by LC/MS. This was ascribed to the generation of a much higher electric field around the nozzles, which supplies a large excess of protons to the small droplets and reduces/eliminates the differences in the ionization efficiency for the analytes. 相似文献
992.
993.
994.
IntroductionMethaneandcarbondioxidearetWomaincompositionsforthegreenhouseeffectandtheworldglobewanningll].ItisbeneficialtoourlivingenviroIUnenttocontrolthereleaseofthesetwogases.Theconversionofmethanetothecommonfeedstocksynthesisgas(carbonmonoxideandhydro… 相似文献
995.
Chemistry is a central science. However, the public's recognition of chemistry needs to be promoted, and the prejudice needs to be reduced. Chemical science popularization is a long-term, complex and arduous social education project, which is of great significance to promote social harmony and improve people's quality of life. This paper summarizes the current status of chemical science popularization in China, and puts forward the innovative development countermeasures which focus on improving public participation, training popular science talents, carrying out popular science popularization education at different levels, creating high-quality science popularization works and opening up new positions and approaches of chemical science popularization. This paper has the reference value for the science popularization colleagues. 相似文献
996.
The influence of additives such as sodium salicylate and sodium chloride on the water solubilization capacity of AOT in n-pentanol solutions has been investigated. The water solubilization capacity is enhanced by sodium salicylate and decreased by sodium chloride. The percolation behavior of the water/AOT/n-pentanol system is studied by modifying the water concentration and temperature. No percolation threshold induced by water or temperature is detected either in the absence or in the presence of additives. The values of ln sigma have a linear correlation with temperature in the range of 5-40 degrees C. The activation energy is also estimated and discussed. 相似文献
997.
A highly sensitive fluorimetric method for the determination of fluoride was established. The method was based on quenching of the fluorescence of the Al3+-calcein complex in CCl3COOH-CH3COOK buffer solution by fluoride. The fluorescence emission was measured at lambdaex/lambdaem 480/503 nm, and the experimental variables and interference in this determination were studied. The linear calibration range was 0.8 ng/mL to 150 ng/mL and the detection limit was 0.2 ng/mL. The method was applied to determine fluoride in biological materials. The recovery was in the range of 96.3% to 104.7% and the relative standard deviation was 4.6%. The results obtained from the certified reference material by the present method agreed with the certified values. 相似文献
998.
Huang X Margulis CJ Li Y Berne BJ 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(50):17842-17851
When supercritical CO2 is dissolved in an ionic liquid, its partial molar volume is much smaller than that observed in most other solvents. In this article we explore in atomistic detail and explain in an intuitive way the peculiar volumetric behavior experimentally observed when supercritical CO2 is dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim+] [PF6(-)]). We also provide physical insight into the structure and dynamics occurring across the boundary of the CO2 ionic liquid interface. We find that the liquid structure of [Bmim+] [PF6(-)] in the presence of CO2 is nearly identical to that in the neat ionic liquid (IL) even at fairly large mole fractions of CO2. Our simulations indicate, in agreement with experiments, that partial miscibilities of one fluid into the other are very unsymmetrical, CO2 being highly soluble in the ionic liquid phase while the ionic liquid is highly insoluble in the CO2 phase. We interpret our results in terms of the size and shape of spontaneously forming cavities in the ionic liquid phase, and we propose that CO2 occupies extremely well-defined locations in the IL. Even though our accurate prediction of cavity sizes in the neat IL indicates that these cavities are small compared with the van der Waals radius of a single carbon or oxygen atom, CO2 appears to occupy a space that was for the most part a priori "empty". 相似文献
999.
Zhang H Zhou Y Zhang M Shen T Li Y Zhu D 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2002,251(2):443-446
A dyad-anthraquinone-methyl ester of fluorescein-and its model compound-butyl ester-were synthesized. The effects of photo-induced electron transfer from fluorescein to an organic anthraquinone acceptor and injection into inorganic colloidal TiO(2) were studied respectively. It is found that the photo-induced electron transferring to an organic acceptor is much faster than injecting into inorganic colloidal particles when fluorescein was excited by visible light. While inorganic colloidal TiO(2) was excited by UV, the electron of fluorescein will inject into TiO(2). 相似文献
1000.
The rates at which aluminum was removed from the N- and C-terminal monoaluminum ovotransferrins by pyrophosphate were evaluated by UV difference spectra in 0.01 mol/L Hepes, pH=7.4 and at 37℃. Pesudo first-order rate constants as a function of pyrophosphate concentration were measured. The results indicate that the pathways of aluminum removal are different. For the N-terminal binding site, aluminum removal follows simple saturation kinetics, while the removal of aluminum from the C-terminal binding site reverts to the combination of saturation and first-order kinetics. The saturation component is consistent with a rate-limiting conformational change in the protein as has been reported. We propose that the first-order kinetics mechanism is attributed to a pre-equilibrium process. The rate constants of saturation kinetics are accelerated from both terminals with the addition of 0.1 mol/L chloride to the monoaluminum ovotransferrin solutions, whereas the rates of the first-order kinetics are decreased for the C-terminal binding site. The effect of chloride ionic strength causes a continuing increase on kobs for the N- and C-terminal binding sites. Moreover, the kinetics behavior of the N-terminal is more easily affected by chloride than that of the C-terminal. In the experiment presumably the N-terminal site is apparently kinetically more labile than the C-terminal site. 相似文献