苯并三氮唑缓蚀铜粉中含氧量的测定

研究了不同条件下苯并三氮唑的紫外吸收光谱,最大吸收峰为273 nm,常温下吸收强度不受温度影响,浓度线性范围为0～2.2 μg ·mL-1,检出限为0.02 μg ·mL-1,摩尔吸光系数为5.41×104 L·mol-1·cm-1;建立了苯并三氮唑缓蚀铜粉中含氧量的测定方法。鉴于缓蚀铜粉由金属铜、铜氧化物和苯并三氮唑保护膜组成,用盐酸-H₂O₂分解样品后,分别以EDTA配位滴定和紫外光谱法测定化学缓蚀铜粉中铜和苯并三氮唑含量,差减求出该铜粉含氧量。方法经济,仪器简单,操作方便,标准偏差=1.7%,变异系数为7.6%。结合国家标准方法,通过电解铜粉在成膜前后含氧量分析比较,提出的方法测定结果令人满意。     

基于化学组成及香韵特征双向渐近模拟烟用香精解析及还原方法研究

利用气相色谱/质谱法与基于化学计量学建立的智能辅助调香系统相结合,以香韵特征为辅,对未知香精HNCD005进行解析及还原。在初步定性鉴定的基础上,用外标法定量还原该成品香精的化学成分配比,同时由专业的评香小组从香韵特征的角度对配方进行修饰。仿配香精与未知香精的气相色谱总离子流出图基本一致,化学组成解析准确率为85%,保留时间重现性较好,且二者的整体香韵特征一致,留香时间接近。     

Investigation of Scrambled Ions in Tandem Mass Spectra, Part 2. On the Influence of the Ions on Peptide Identification

A comprehensive investigation was performed to understand the influence of sequence scrambling in peptide ions on peptide identification results. To achieve this, four tandem mass spectrometry datasets with scrambled ions included and with them excluded were analyzed by Crux, X!Tandem, SpectraST, Lutefisk, and PepNovo. While the different algorithms differed in their performance, an increase in the number of correctly identified peptides was generally observed when removing scrambled ions, with the exception of the SpectraST algorithm. However, the variation of the match scores upon removal was unpredictable. Following these investigations, an interpretation was given on how the scrambled ions affect peptide identification. Lastly, a simulated theoretical mass spectral library derived from the NIST peptide Libraries was constructed and searched by SpectraST to study whether scrambled ions in predicted mass spectra could affect peptide identification. Consistent with the peptide library search results, no significant variations for dot product scores as well as peptide identification results were observed when these ions were included in the theoretical MS/MS spectra. From the five adopted algorithms, the SpectraST and Crux provided the most robust results, whereas X!Tandem, PepNovo, and Lutefisk were sensitive to the existence of the scrambled ions, especially the latter two de novo sequencing algorithms.      

利用GC -MS结合移动窗口正交投影法及香原料数据库定性混配香精中的复杂成分

使用气相色谱-质谱( GC - MS)对含有表香干扰的混配香精(由5种精油和3种酊剂加入表香中混配而成)的复杂成分进行分析,利用移动窗口特征峰正交投影法,结合使用已建立的香原料物质数据库,快速判别了混配香精中的精油及酊剂等复杂成分,并详细研究了从复杂混配香精中剖析精油、酊剂等复杂成分的影响因素,从而初步提出一种从复杂混...     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定甜味剂中重金属元素

采用微波消解-八极杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)-电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定甜味剂中Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,As,Cd,Sn,Sb,Hg,Pb等十种重金属元素的含量。样品用硝酸+双氧水消解后,试液直接用ICP-MS法进行测定。应用ORS技术,有效地消除了多原子离子对待测元素的干扰,选用45Sc,89Y,115In和209Bi等元素为内标混合液校正基体效应和信号漂移,确定了实验的最佳测定条件。结果表明,该方法对十种待测元素的检出限在0.003～0.038 μg·L-1之间,加标回收率在93.0%～106.6%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)≤3.4%。方法简便、快速、准确,可以用于食品甜味剂质量控制和安全评价。     

电子束曝光中的蒙特卡罗方法

本文用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了散射电子束在PMMA电子束胶层中的能量沉积分布。为兼顾节约计算机CPU运行机时和物理概念的严谨性而提出了混合式步长的模拟方法。在处理电子穿越胶-衬底的边界时,本文采用宁一种几率确定法,用以判断电子是否在界面处发生一次弹性散射。得出了电子在胶层中的前散射和背散射的能量沉积分布图。     

大叶桉叶挥发油的化学成分研究

用挥发油提取器提取大叶桉干叶中的挥发油,利用色质联用(GC/MS)产生的双线性数据,藉化学计量学分辨方法,得到了各组分的纯物质色谱峰和质谱图。根据色谱保留时间,同时利用解析所得的纯物质质谱图在NIST质谱数据库进行相似检索来对各个组分进行定性分析;采用色谱峰面积归一法计算各化合物的相对含量。共分离了113个化合物,鉴定了其中90个,占总挥发油的93.28%。主要为萜类、萜醇类等化合物,还成功地检测出一些色谱分离不完全和低含量的组分。     

GC-MS结合保留指数对中药挥发油的定性

利用GC-MS联用和化学计量学方法,对6种中药挥发油进行分析,对其中的重叠色谱峰采用直观推导式演进特征投影法(HELP)法进行了分辨,同时计算了各组分的程序升温保留指数,通过质谱库定性.得到共有成分32个.结果表明,保留指数有很好的重复性,可与质谱库结合用作物质的定性.     

复杂香精配方的化学组成解析及香韵识别

结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析结果和"烟用香精香料智能辅助调香系统"对复杂香精配方的化学组成进行解析,共解析出14种单体、2种精油。对精油类香料采用混合物加标法判断其是否存在于香精中,同时结合香原料的香韵分析进一步确定复杂香精的配方,香精的主体香韵是花香韵、果香韵和甜香韵。解析结果与调香师的品评结果一致。     

Quality control and discrimination of pericarpium citri reticulatae and pericarpium citri reticulatae viride based on high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprints and multivariate statistical analysis

High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR) and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride (PCRV) were firstly measured for deliberately collected 39 authentic samples and 21 commercial samples. Both correlation coefficients of similarity for chromatograms and absolute peak areas of characteristic compounds were calculated for quantitative expression of the HPLC fingerprints. After principal component analysis (PCA) successfully distinguished the ‘mixed peels’ samples from authentic samples, partial least squares-linear discrimination analysis (PLS-LDA) was then effectively applied to class separation between authentic PCR and PCRV. Furthermore, the unequivocally determined compounds, hesperidin, nobiletin and tangeretin, were screened out by loadings plots of PCA and PLS-LDA. The results indicated that they could be used as chemical markers for discrimination among different groups of samples. The proposed method shows an efficient strategy for quality control of PCR and PCRV, which cannot only distinguish the ‘mixed peels’ but also discriminate authentic PCR and PCRV. This method has potential perspective for quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).