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151.
Shimizu T Kimura T Funahashi T Watanabe K Ho IK Yamamoto I 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2005,53(3):313-318
Seventy eight N(3)-substituted derivatives of uridine (1), thymidine (2), 2'-deoxyuridine (3), 6-azauridine (4), 2',3'-O-isopropylideneuridine (5), and arabinofuranosyluracil (6) were synthesized and their antinociceptive effects were evaluated. N(3)-(2',4'-Dimethoxyphenacyl)uridine (1l), N(3)-(2',4'-dimethoxyphenacyl)2'-deoxyuridine (3l), and N(3)-(2',5'-dimethoxyphenacyl)arabinofuranosyluracil (6m) possessed 93, 86, and 82% of the antinociceptive effects tested by hot plate, respectively. The antinociceptive effects of three derivatives were 5.8, 5.4, and 5.1-folds of the effect of N(3)-phenacyluridine (1h) (16%), respectively. The structure-activity relationship of N(3)-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides was also discussed. 相似文献
152.
We report the use of capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) based on a rfbS allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the analysis and simultaneous detection of Salmonella pullorum and Salmonella gallinarum, which are the major bacterial pathogens in poultry. rfbS allele-specific PCR was used to concurrently amplify two specific 147- and 187-bp DNA fragments for the simultaneous detection of S. pullorum and S. gallinarum at an annealing temperature of 54 ± 1 °C and an MgCl2 concentration of 2.8-5.6 mM. Under an electric field of 333.3 V/cm and a sieving matrix of 1.0% poly(ethyleneoxide) (Mr 600 000), the amplified PCR products were analyzed within 6 min by CGE separation. This CGE assay could be translated to microchip format using programmed field strength gradients (PFSG). In the microchip gel electrophoresis with PFSG, both of the Salmonella analyses were completed within 30 s, without decreasing the resolution efficiency. rfbS allele-specific PCR-microchip gel electrophoresis with the PFSG technique might be a new tool for the simultaneous detection of both S. pullorum and S. gallinarum, due to its ultra-speed and high efficiency. 相似文献
153.
J. Hošek 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1977,27(9):959-966
The spontaneous symmetry breakdown is treated by means of a variational approach. Use is made of coherent states of Glauber and of pairing states of BCS-type as the translationally invariant vacuum states for the discussion of the real scalar field 4 withm
0
2
0. The first type of trial states reproduces the usual approach to spontaneous symmetry breakdown (-) in the tree approximation (which is possible only form
0
2
<0), while the second type of trial states offers the possibility of spontaneous symmetry breakdown even form
0
2
=0. 相似文献
154.
Abstract— C4 -- Photocycloaddition of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC) to thymine (λ≥ 300 nm) was studied in dioxane-water solution, in aqueous frozen state, and solid film state. The major product was isolated and characterized by physical methods. Elemental analysis data, spectral analyses, and photo-splitting of the product indicate the product to be a 1:l C4 -- cycloadduct of DMC and thymine. 相似文献
155.
Two 60-residue snake toxins with four disulfide bridges, cardiotoxin II and IV, of Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra) have been rapidly prepared in overall yields of 3.9% (cardiotoxin II) and 3.7% (cardiotoxin IV) within three weeks using the chemical method. Physicochemical characterization of these synthetic cardiotoxins was carried out by amino acid analysis, mass spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, peptide mapping, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and lethal toxicity. As compared with natural cardiotoxins, the results indicated that the synthetic cardiotoxins possessed the same physicochemical properties as those of natural ones. Therefore, in addition to preparation of various important toxins with satisfactory quantities for biochemical and pharmacological studies within a short lime, this rapid method also provides an important route to obtain many interesting toxins and designed toxin analogues for structure/function relationship studies in the near further. 相似文献
156.
Ho Sik Kim Yoshihisa Kurasawa Chiemi Yoshii Minako Masuyama Atsushi Takada Yoshihisa Okamoto 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1990,27(4):1119-1122
The isoxazolo[2,3-a]quinoxalines 11a,b and pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 12a,b were selectively synthesized from the 2-substituted 6-chloroquinoxaline 4-oxides 10a,b . The pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 12a,b were clarified to be produced by the ring transformation of the isoxazolo[2,3-a]quinoxalines 11a,b . The pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 14a,b were obtained from both 2,6-dichloroquinoxaline 4-oxide 9 and compounds 12a,b . 相似文献
157.
Oh JY Moon JH Lee YH Hyung SW Lee SW Kim MS 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2005,19(10):1283-1288
Photodissociation (PD) tandem mass spectra have been obtained at 266 nm for the protonated molecules of a tryptic peptide, ASHLGLAR, and of its phenyl isothiocyanate and 4-sulfophenyl isothiocyanate derivatives, generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Derivatization with the aromatic chromophores greatly reduced the intensity of the laser required for efficient PD. Major fragment ions observed in the three spectra are quite similar. General features of the PD tandem mass spectra and their potential utility for analytical purposes are discussed. 相似文献
158.
Chen SH Su AC Chang CS Chen HL Ho DL Tsao CS Peng KY Chen SA 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2004,20(20):8909-8915
Morphological effects in luminescence properties of a representative semiconducting polymer, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV), has recently attracted much attention. Previous studies indicated that short-term heat treatment of solution-cast MEH-PPV films may result in the formation of mesomorphic order that is responsible for the "red" emission around 640 nm, in contrast to the single-chromophore "yellow" emission near 590 nm from the disordered matrix. On the basis of microscopic and spectroscopic evidence for films cast from freshly prepared and aged solutions, here we show that prolonged storage of MEHyellowPPV solutions at room temperature or lower may result in retardation of the thermally induced mesophase formation in the subsequently cast films. According to small-angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetric observations over aged MEH-PPV/toluene solutions, we propose that the suppressed transformation into mesomorphic order is due to further development of nanocrystalline aggregates that serve as physical cross-links among MEH-PPV chains in the solution state upon long-term storage. These solvent-induced nanocrystalline aggregates, however, do not exhibit new spectroscopic features beyond the suppression of "red" emission at 640 nm from the mesomorphic phase. 相似文献
159.
The pretreatment of waste-activated sludge (WAS) by electron beam irradiation was studied in order to improve anaerobic sludge
digestion. The irradiation dose of the electron beam was varied from 0.5 to 10 kGy. Batch and continuous-flow stirred tank
reactors (CFSTRs) were operated to evaluate the effect of the electron beam pretreatment on anaerobic sludge digestion. Approximately
30–52% of the total chemical oxygen demand (COD) content of the WAS was solubilized within 24 h after electron beam irradiation.
A large quantity of soluble COD, protein, and carbohydrates leached out from cell ruptures caused by the electron beam irradiation.
Volatile fatty acids production from the irradiated sludge was approx 90% higher than that of the unirradiated sludge. The
degradation of irradiated sewage sludge was described by two distinct first-order decay rates (k
1 and k
2). Most initial decay reaction accelerated within 10 d, with an average k
1 of 0.06/d for sewage sludge irradiated at all dosages. The mean values for the long-term batch first-order decay coefficient
(k
2) were 0.025/d for irradiated sewage sludge and 0.007/d for unirradiated sludge. Volatile solids removal efficiency of the
control reactor fed with unirradiated sewage sludge at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 20 d was almost the same as that
of the CFSTRs fed with irradiated sludge at an HRT of 10 d. Therefore, disintegration of sewage sludge cells using electron
beam pretreatment could reduce the reactor solid retention time by half. 相似文献
160.
To isolate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) of catechin compounds from Korean green tea (Bosung, Chonnam), a C18 reversed-phase preparative column (250x22 mm) packed with packings of three different sizes (15, 40-63, and 150 microm) was used. The sample extracted with water was partitioned with chloroform and ethyl acetate to remove the impurities including caffeine. The mobile phases in this experiment were composed of 0.1% acetic acid in water, acetonitrile, methanol and ethyl acetate. The injection volume was fixed at 400 microl and the flow rate was increased as the particle size becomes larger. The isolation of EGCG with particle size was compared at a preparative scale and the feasibility of separation of EGCG at larger particle sizes was confirmed. The optimum mobile phase composition for separating EGCG was experimentally obtained at the particle sizes of 15 and 40-63 microm in the isocratic mode, but EGCG was not purely separated at the particle size of 150 microm. 相似文献