全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2043篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1336篇 |
晶体学 | 61篇 |
力学 | 26篇 |
数学 | 125篇 |
物理学 | 553篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 17篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 27篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 26篇 |
2013年 | 137篇 |
2012年 | 69篇 |
2011年 | 91篇 |
2010年 | 57篇 |
2009年 | 69篇 |
2008年 | 97篇 |
2007年 | 129篇 |
2006年 | 96篇 |
2005年 | 86篇 |
2004年 | 103篇 |
2003年 | 93篇 |
2002年 | 86篇 |
2001年 | 61篇 |
2000年 | 45篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 44篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 25篇 |
1983年 | 20篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 23篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1972年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有2101条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
991.
M. Ogura T. Nagatomo K. Minamisomo K. Matsuta T. Minamisono Y. Nakashima C. D. P. Levy T. Sumikama M. Mihara H. Fujiwara S. Kumashiro M. Fukuda J. A. Behr K. P. Jackson S. Momota Y. Nojiri T. Ohtsubo M. Ohta A. Kitagawa M. Kanazawa M. Torikoshi S. Sato M. Suda J. R. Alonso G. F. Krebs T. M. Symons 《Hyperfine Interactions》2004,159(1-4):235-238
The electric quadrupole coupling constants eqQ/h of 20Na (I
π = 2+, T
1/2 = 449.7 ms), 21Na (I
π = 3/2, T
1/2 = 22.49 s) and 25Na (I
π = 5/2, T
1/2 = 59.6 s) in single crystal ZnO and TiO2 were precisely measured by applying the β-NMR technique. The ratio of the quadrupole moments between 20Na (25Na) and 21Na was determined to be 0.728 ± 0.023 (0.011 ± 0.002). 相似文献
992.
993.
Fundamental properties of a touchable high‐power pulsed microplasma jet and its application as a desorption/ionization source for ambient mass spectrometry
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Takahiro Iwai Ken Kakegawa Kensuke Okumura Mieko Kanamori‐Kataoka Hidekazu Miyahara Yasuo Seto Akitoshi Okino 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2014,49(6):522-528
Plasma‐based ambient desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (ADI–MS) has attracted considerable attention in many fields because of its capacity for direct sample analyses. In this study, a high‐power pulsed microplasma jet (HPPMJ) was developed and investigated as a new plasma desorption/ionization source. In an HPPMJ, a microhollow cathode discharge is generated in a small hole (500 µm in diameter) using a pulsed high‐power supply. This system can realize a maximum power density of 5 × 108 W/cm3. The measured electron number density, excitation temperature and afterglow gas temperature of the HPPMJ were 3.7 × 1015 cm‐3, 7000 K at maximum and less than 60 °C, respectively, which demonstrate that the HPPMJ is a high‐energy, high‐density plasma source that is comparable with an argon inductively coupled plasma while maintaining a low gas temperature. The HPPMJ causes no observable damage to the target because of its low gas temperature and electrode configuration; thus, we can apply it directly to human skin. To demonstrate the analytical capacity of ADI–MS using an HPPMJ, the plasma was applied to direct solid sample analysis of the active ingredients in pharmaceutical tablets. Caffeine, acetaminophen, ethenzamide, isopropylantipyrine and ibuprofen were successfully detected. Application to living tissue was also demonstrated, and isopropylantipyrine on a finger was successfully analyzed without damaging the skin. The limits of detection (LODs) for caffeine, isopropylantipyrine and ethenzamide were calculated, and LODs at the picogram level were achieved. These results indicate the applicability of the HPPMJ for high‐sensitivity analysis of materials on a heat‐sensitive surface. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
994.
Kenta Fujii Shiro Seki Koji Ohara Yasuo Kameda Hiroyuki Doi Soshi Saito Yasuhiro Umebayashi 《Journal of solution chemistry》2014,43(9-10):1655-1668
Ion-ion interactions or liquid structures in low-viscosity ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide, [C2mIm+][FSA?] were investigated by high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimental X-ray structure factor, S exp(q) obtained from the HEXRD was successfully deconvoluted into the intra- and the intermolecular components, S intra exp (q) and S inter exp (q), respectively, by taking into account the population of cis and trans conformers of the FSA anion to give the corresponding radial distribution functions, G intra exp (r) and G inter exp (r), respectively. The G inter exp (r) exhibits the peaks at 3.5, 4.6 and 5.4 Å, which is well represented by theoretical radial distribution function, G inter MD (r) obtained from MD simulations. From the space distribution function, SDF calculated by MD simulations, it was found that static structure (distance and orientation) of the nearest neighbor intermolecular interaction between cation and anion in [C2mIm+][FSA?] is similar to its analogous ionic liquid, [C2mIm+][TFSA?] where TFSA is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide. 相似文献
995.
Kazuhide Ichikawa Masahiro Fukuda Akitomo Tachibana 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2014,114(23):1567-1580
We discuss a method to follow step‐by‐step time evolution of atomic and molecular systems based on quantum electrodynamics. Our strategy includes expanding the electron field operator by localized wavepackets to define creation and annihilation operators and following the time evolution using the equations of motion of the field operator in the Heisenberg picture. We first derive a time evolution equation for the excitation operator, the product of two creation or annihilation operators, which is necessary for constructing operators of physical quantities such as the electronic charge density operator. We, then, describe our approximation methods to obtain time differential equations of the electronic density matrix, which is defined as the expectation value of the excitation operator. By solving the equations numerically, we show “electron‐positron oscillations,” the fluctuations originated from virtual electron‐positron pair creations and annihilations, appear in the charge density of a hydrogen atom and molecule. We also show that the period of the electron‐positron oscillations becomes shorter by including the self‐energy process, in which the electron emits a photon and then absorbs it again, and it can be interpreted as the increase in the electron mass due to the self‐energy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
996.
Masamitsu Tanaka Pawel Mroz Tianhong Dai Liyi Huang Yuji Morimoto Manabu Kinoshita Yasuo Yoshihara Nariyoshi Shinomiya Shuhji Seki Koichi Nemoto Michael R. Hamblin 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2013,89(3):679-682
We previously reported that photodynamic therapy (PDT) using intra‐articular methylene blue (MB) could be used to treat arthritis in mice caused by bioluminescent methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) either in a therapeutic or in a preventative mode. PDT accumulated neutrophils into the mouse knee via activation of chemoattractants such as inflammatory cytokines or chemokines. In this study, we asked whether PDT combined with antibiotics used for MRSA could provide added benefit in controlling the infection. We compared MB‐PDT alone, systemic administration of either linezolid (LZD) alone or vancomycin (VCM) alone or the combination of PDT with either LZD or VCM. Real‐time noninvasive imaging was used to serially follow the progress of the infection. PDT alone was the most effective, whereas LZD alone was ineffective and VCM alone showed some benefit. Surprisingly the addition of LZD or VCM reduced the therapeutic effect of PDT alone (P < 0.05). Considering that PDT in this mouse model stimulates neutrophils to be antibacterial rather than actively killing the bacteria, we propose that LZD and VCM might inhibit the activation of inflammatory cytokines without eradicating the bacteria, and thereby reduce the therapeutic effect of PDT. 相似文献
997.
The Suzuki polycondensation of a dihalogenated 4,5-diphenylimidazole (2) with a fluorenyl diboronic acid diester followed by methylation afforded a conjugated poly(imidazolium) copolymer (P2) in 93% yield. Upon exposure to strong base, P2 was converted in situ to the corresponding poly(N-heterocyclic carbene) P3, as evidenced by 1H NMR spectroscopy and a trapping experiment involving sulfur that afforded the corresponding poly(thiourea) P4. Similarly, treating a solution of P2 with KOtBu and [Ir(1,5-cyclooctadiene)Cl]2 afforded a conjugated polymer bearing pendant Ir complexes (P5) in 63% yield. Thermal and photophysical analyses of the aforementioned polymers revealed that they were thermally stable with tunable fluorescence properties, features which poise them for use in various electronic and sensing applications. The presented methodology is expected to facilitate the synthesis of a broad range conjugated organometallic polymers from a common and readily accessible precursor. 相似文献
998.
Treatment of N-aryl-N-methoxyamides with AlCl3 in EtSH (or Me2S) generates the corresponding N-aryl-N-hydroxyamides in high yields. 相似文献
999.
Katsuo Mitani Takayuki Ogata Michio Nakatsukasa Hiroshi Awaya Yasuo Tomari 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(4):531-549
The mechanism of vinyl chloride polymerization by the tri-ethylaluminum-Lewis base-carbon tetrachloride catalyst system and the thermal stability of the resulting polymer were investigated. When the Lewis base is multidentate, the resultant complex with triethylaluminum shows significantly high catalytic activity for radical polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of carbon tetrachloride to give a white powder with high molecular weight. Carbon tetrachloride accelerates the rate of polymerization and participates in an initiating process rather than in a propagating step. The thermal stability of the polymer prepared with this catalyst system is much superior to that of commercial polyvinyl chloride), although the numbers of the double bonds in a chain end and of the head-to-head linkage are similar in both samples, suggesting that the thermally unstable structures of the former react with triethylaluminum to give the thermally stable structure on the polymerization process. 相似文献
1000.
Abstract Polymer-supported imidazoles were prepared by copolymerization of vinyl monomers containing imidazole moiety, styrene, and divinylbenzene with AIBN. The resulting polymers accelerated the reaction of octyl bromide with potassium thiocyanate, and the alkylation of an active methylene compound, benzyl cyanide, under phase-transfer conditions. The latter catalytic reaction afforded monoalkylated compound exclusively, although dialkylated compound was also obtained in monomeric alkylimidazole catalyzed reaction. Further, these polymers served as phase-transfer catalysts for the reduction of acetophenone by sodium borohydride. The relationship between the structure and catalytic activity, and the factors governing these catalytic reactions were examined. 相似文献