Parametric decomposition of powers of ideals versus regularity of sequences

Let be an ideal in a Noetherian local ring . Then the sequence is -regular if every is a non-zerodivisor in and if for all integers , where runs over the elements of the set .

     

Total synthesis of cladocorans A and B: a structural revision

Cladocorans A and B, isolated from the Mediterranean coral Cladocora cespitosa, are novel sesterterpenoids whose structures were initially proposed as 1 and 2, respectively. These designations, however, subsequently came under doubt. In the present study, the synthesis of compounds 5 and 6 was undertaken. The physical properties of 5 and 6 were found to be identical to those of natural cladocorans A and B, whose structures were thus concluded to be 5 and 6, respectively. Cladocoran B is thus clearly shown to be an olefinic regioisomer of dysidiolide and cladocoran A as its acetate.     

Construction of a square-planar hydroperoxo-copper(II) complex inducing a higher catalytic reactivity

A novel hydroperoxo-copper(II) complex with a square-planar geometry has been prepared, which has exhibited a higher selectivity and catalytic reactivity for dimethyl sulfide, in contrast to that with a trigonal-bipyramidal one.     

Template polymerization of columnar architectures based on the salts of a carboxylic acid and 2-amino alcohols: application to the molecular recognition of 2-amino alcohols

The salts of trialkoxybenzoic acids and 2-amino alcohols showed a columnar liquid crystalline phase; in the case of the salt of a polymerizable acid and norephedrine, the photopolymerization proceeded efficiently in the liquid crystalline state, and the resultant solid adsorbed 2-amino alcohols size, regio-, and enantio-selectively.     

Long-range jump versus stepwise hops: magnetic field effects on the charge-transfer fluorescence from photoconductive polymer films

Magnetic field effects on the charge-transfer (CT) fluorescence of a 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene-doped poly(N-vinylcarbazole) thin film were investigated to clarify the primary process in photoconductive organic amorphous solid. The CT fluorescence increased with increasing magnetic field until 10 mT, and then it showed the dip around 40-50 mT. The hyperfine coupling mechanism observed in the low field and the level-crossing mechanism observed around 46 mT clearly indicate that the spin-conservative stepwise hole hops take place in the films. The boundary distance determined from the simulation based on the stepwise hopping model almost agreed with the interionic separation estimated within the Onsager analysis.     

Synthesis of the P-cluster inorganic core of nitrogenases

The [8Fe-7S] core of the P-clusters in nitrogenases is unique among the known [Fe-S] clusters which are essential to electron-transfer processes in nature. The [8Fe-7S] cluster has been thought unstable and to exist only in protein environments. We found that this unusual [8Fe-7S] structure can be self-assembled from the reaction of Fe(II) bis-amide, tetramethylthiourea, 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenethiol, and elemental sulfur in a specific mole ratio. The structure of the complex isolated therefrom closely resembles that of the reduced form (PN) of the P-clusters, while the 6Fe(II)2Fe(III) oxidation state was manifested by the M?ssbauer study.     

60]fullerenoacetyl chloride as a versatile precursor for fullerene derivatives: efficient ester formation with various alcohols

[reaction: see text] [60]Fullerenoacetyl chloride, one of the reactive derivatives of [60]fullerenoacetic acid, was isolated and identified for the first time. This acid chloride was easily synthesized in good yield from tert-butyl [60]fullerenoacetate through two steps. In the presence of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine as a base, the acid chloride smoothly reacted with various alcohols under mild conditions to give the corresponding esters including [60]fullerene-biomolecule hybrids in moderate to high yields.     

Design and fabrication of a dielectrophoresis-based cell-positioning and cell-culture device for construction of cell networks

In this paper, we describe the design and fabrication of a dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based cell-positioning and cell-culture device for the construction of cell networks. This device enables both individual cell positioning and cell culture. Titanium electrodes were fabricated by deposition. Furthermore, microchambers and microchannels composed of SU-8, which is a negative photoresist, were used to carry out cell culture and enable cell differentiation. Using our device, N1E-115 cells were individually positioned in the microchambers, and the positioning yield was 45%. After positioning, the cells could be continuously cultured in the microchambers. Furthermore, the cells differentiated, and their neurites extended through the microchannels after cultivation for several days. These results indicate that our device greatly increases the prospects for individual cell positioning and can be used to construct cell networks that have several applications in the medical field, for example, in drug screening.