Photoinduced Charge‐Carrier Generation in Epitaxial MOF Thin Films: High Efficiency as a Result of an Indirect Electronic Band Gap?

For inorganic semiconductors crystalline order leads to a band structure which gives rise to drastic differences to the disordered material. An example is the presence of an indirect band gap. For organic semiconductors such effects are typically not considered, since the bands are normally flat, and the band‐gap therefore is direct. Herein we show results from electronic structure calculations demonstrating that ordered arrays of porphyrins reveal a small dispersion of occupied and unoccupied bands leading to the formation of a small indirect band gap. We demonstrate herein that such ordered structures can be fabricated by liquid‐phase epitaxy and that the corresponding crystalline organic semiconductors exhibit superior photophysical properties, including large charge‐carrier mobility and an unusually large charge‐carrier generation efficiency. We have fabricated a prototype organic photovoltaic device based on this novel material exhibiting a remarkable efficiency.     

In silico design, synthesis and evaluation of 3'-O-benzylated analogs of salacinol, a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor isolated from an Ayurvedic traditional medicine "Salacia"

With the aid of an in silico method, α-glucosidase inhibitors with far more potent activities than salacinol (1), a potent natural α-glucosidase inhibitor isolated from an Ayurvedic traditional medicine Salacia reticulata, have been developed.     

Chiral amines as reagents for HPLC-MS enantioseparation of chiral carboxylic acids

Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a popular analytical technique because of its high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the use of a chiral derivatization reagent for the MS detection seems to be efficient for the enantiomeric separation of racemates. However, the number of chiral reagents for the liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis is very limited. The applicability of commercially available chiral amines as the derivatization reagents for the enantiomeric separation of chiral carboxylic acids is reported in this paper by using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), i.e. ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, and loxoprofen. The efficiency of the chiral reagents was evaluated in terms of tagging easiness, separation by reversed-phase chromatography, and detection sensitivity by electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS. Among the tested eight chiral amines, i.e. (R)-(+)-4-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-APy), (S)-(+)-1-(2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-pyrrolidine (PMP), L-prolinamide, (3R)-(-)-1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine, (S)-(+)-1-cyclohexyl-ethylamine, (3R)-(+)-3-(trifluoroacetamido)-pyrrolidine (TFAP), (R)-(-)-1-aminoindan (AI), and (S)-(+)-tetrahydrofurfuryl-amine, DBD-APy, PMP, AI, and TFAP could be used as the chiral reagents for the enantiomeric separation of the NSAIDs. The Rs values and the detection limits of the derivatives were in the range of 1.29-3.85 and 0.57-0.96 fmol, respectively. These four reagents were applied for the determination of the NSAIDs in rat plasma.     

Network DEA: A slacks-based measure approach

Traditional DEA models deal with measurements of relative efficiency of DMUs regarding multiple-inputs vs. multiple-outputs. One of the drawbacks of these models is the neglect of intermediate products or linking activities. After pointing out needs for inclusion of them to DEA models, we propose a slacks-based network DEA model, called Network SBM, that can deal with intermediate products formally. Using this model we can evaluate divisional efficiencies along with the overall efficiency of decision making units (DMUs).     

q-Dependence of the giant bond-stretching phonon anomaly in the stripe compound La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 measured by IXS

Inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) was used to study the Cu-O bond-stretching vibrations in the static stripe phase compound La_1.48Nd_0.4Sr_0.12CuO₄. It was found that the intrinsic width in Q-space of the previously reported huge anomalous phonon softening and broadening is approximately 0.08 r.l.u. HWHM. A detailed comparison was also made to inelastic neutron scattering (INS) studies, which indicate a two-peak lineshape (with superimposed broad and narrow peaks) in the vicinity of the anomaly. The high resolution IXS data show that the narrow peak is mostly an artifact of the poor transverse Q-resolution of INS. Otherwise, the agreement between the INS and IXS was excellent.     

Chiral fermions in 2d quantum gravity

Two theories of chiral fermions coupled to different quantum gravities in two dimensions are studied. One employs Jackiw's ansatz for classical gravity by introducing an auxiliary scalar, the other is based on the induced quantum gravity of Polyakov, which has no classical analogue. By investigating a localized theory of the effective action we show that in both cases a limited number of fermions of either chirality may couple consistently. It is stressed that the Weyl variable has to be quantized properly, which is related to recent work done on non-critical strings.     

七甲茚基稀土络合物和碱金属盐的化学反应

本文用核磁共振等方法研究了稀土络合物和碱金属盐中的七甲茚基的质子化或氘化反应、亲核取代反应及络合物中稀土离子的还原反应。七甲茚基络合物比相应的茂基或茚基化合物更易与盐进行上述反应。三氘代七甲茚基在氘化反应中显示了同位素效应。     

Saturated adsorption at the surface of binary solutions

Summary In order to examine the relationship between the saturated adsorption and the bulk critical phenomena (micelle formation, phase separation, solubility etc.), the surface tension was measured on the aqueous solutions of homologous sodium alkyl sulfates and pri-alkyl-alcohols. Adsorption isotherms for the solutions which did not possess any critical phenomenon, did not exhibit the saturation, whereas one for the solutions with some critical phenomenon displayed the saturation before the occurence of such a phenomenon in these solutions. From the thermodynamic interpretation, it was found for the alcohol solutions that the activity at the surface in the saturated region reaches the same value as in the bulk after phase separation.

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Zusammenfassung An wäßrigen Lösungen von homologen Natrium alkylsulfaten und Alkyl-Alkoholen wurde die Oberflächenspannung gemessen, um die Beziehung zwischen der Sättigungsadsorption und den kritischen Erscheinungen (Mizellbildung, Phasentrennung, Löslichkeit usw.) zu erklären. Die Adsorptionsisothermen für Lösungen, welche keine kritischen Erscheinungen haben, zeigen keine Sättigung, während diejenigen von Lösungen mit kritischen Erscheinungen vor dem Auftreten derartiger Phänomene eine Sättigung erreichen. Die Aktivität der Alkohole erreicht in der Oberflächenphase des Sättigungsbereiches den gleichen Wert wie in der Volumenphase nach der Phasentrennung

     

The synthesis and proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of some nitro- and amino-unsymmetrically meta-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins

Procedures for the synthesis of new partially-substituted mesotetraphenylporphyrins (TPP's) are described. The 5-(3-nitrophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin is the primary product from a 1:2:3 molar ratio of m-nitrobenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde and pyrrole. The crude reaction product also contained TPP, 5,10-bis-(3-nitrophenyl)-15,20-diphenylporphyrin, 5,15-bis(3-nitrophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin, and 5,10,15-tris-(3-nitrophenyl)-20-phenylporphyrin. The crude mixture of m-nitrophenylporphyrins was reduced to a mixture of the corresponding amino derivatives, which was separated into TPP, 5-(3-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5,10-bis(3-aminophenyl)-15,20-diphenylporphyrin, and 5,15-bis(3-aminophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin. The products were characterized by uv-visible and ir spectrophotometry, and by high resolution nmr spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy.