Novel small organic molecules for a highly enantioselective direct aldol reaction

Novel organic molecules containing an l-proline amide moiety and a terminal hydroxyl for catalyzing direct asymmetric aldol reactions of aldehydes in neat acetone are designed and prepared. Catalyst 3d, prepared from l-proline and (1S,2S)-diphenyl-2-aminoethanol, exhibits high enantioselectivities of up to 93% ee for aromatic aldehydes and up to >99% ee for aliphatic aldehydes. A theoretical study of transition structures demonstrates the important role of the terminal hydroxyl group in the catalyst in the stereodiscrimination. Our results suggest a new strategy in the design of new organic catalysts for direct asymmetric aldol reactions and related transformations because plentiful chiral resources containing multi-hydrogen bond donors, for example, peptides, might be adopted in the design.     

新型手性模板-蒎烷酮亚胺内酯的合成

立体选择合成是当今有机合成中一个较新的,极其活跃的研究领域。而利用手性模板进行不对称诱导反应,则是立体选择合成的一种重要方法。近年来,国外报道了许多利用手性模板获得高光学纯度的氨基酸的事例。1981年,Schoellkopf 等用环烯状的双内酰亚胺作手性模板获得了高光学纯度的α-氨基酸。1986年,Williams 用亲电性的甘氨酸内酯作为手性模板进行不对称诱导反应,得到了光学纯度96.5～99.5%的一系列α-取代氨基酸。因此,选择一个好的手性模板是获得高光学纯度产物的关键。较理想的手性模板必须满足以下条     

全合成三尖杉碱的研究近况

三尖杉碱具有五元稠环结构，围绕着五环组建的先后顺序不同，产生各种拼合策略和设计。本文简要介绍近几年全合成三尖杉碱的新路线。参考文献１９篇。     

Preparation of chiral 7,7′-disubstituted BINAPs for Rh-catalyzed 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids

A series of new 7,7′-disubstituted BINAPs were readily prepared starting with an asymmetric catalytic oxidative coupling. They were applied as ligands to rhodium catalyzed 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids to enones, resulting in enantioselectivities of up to 99% ee. The enantioselectivity was found to be dependent on the size of achiral substituents.     

手性噁唑啉-Ti((Ⅳ)配合物催化硫醚的不对称氧化反应研究

设计合成了系列:唑啉-Ti(OiPr)₄配合物催化剂,首次成功地用这类催化剂催化一系列硫醚的不对称氧化,获得了e.e.值为70%～96%的亚砜;考察了溶剂、催化剂用量、抗衡离子等因素对反应的影响.     

Highly Efficient Enantioselective Synthesis of Optically Active Dihydropyrones by Chiral Titanium(IV) (5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-Octahydro-1,1'-Bi-2-Naphthol) Complexes

The formal hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between 1-methoxy-3-(trimethyl-silyl)oxy-1,3-butadiene and aldehydes provides useful access to dihydropyrones, a class of compounds with extensive utility in organic synthesis. Asymmetric catalysis of this reaction has been previously reported by a number of investigators. Herein we wish to describe that chiral 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1, 1'-bi-2-naphthol (H₈-BINOL)/Ti(O-i-Pr)₄ complexes are more effective catalysts than BINOL/Ti(O-i-Pr)₄ and others for the asymmetric hetero-Diels-Alder reactions.     

一种新的手性拆分方法-包结拆分

综述了手性包结拆分方法在拆分外消旋化合物中的应用,并讨论了包结拆分中的手性识别原理。     

Asymmetric nitroallylation of arylboronic acids with nitroallyl acetates catalyzed by chiral rhodium complexes and its application in a concise total synthesis of optically pure (+)-gamma-lycorane

[reaction: see text]A new rhodium-catalyzed highly enantioselective nitroallylation of 2-nitrocyclohex-2-enol esters with arylboronic acids is described. A rhodium complex of [RhOH(COD)]2 and optically pure BINAP is the optimal catalyst that provides good yields and high enantioselectivities ranging from 90 to 99% ee for various arylboronic acids at 50 degrees C. A concise total synthesis of optically pure (+)-gamma-lycorane in overall 38% yield was achieved on the basis of this new method.     

α－苯硫乙酸乙酯的微波快速烷基化

α－苯硫乙酸乙酯在微波照射下，与不同的卤化物反应，能快速生成相应的烷基化产物，分离产率５８～８３％。     

Affine Yang-Mills theory and affine self-dual Chern-Simons Solitons

A four-dimensional affine Yang-Mills theory, i.e. Yang—Mills gauge theory with values in an affine Kac-Moody algebra, is constructed which can give rise to a spontaneous breakdown of the affine symmetry. The affine self-dual Yang-Mills equation (which is a special kind of affine YM theory) in four dimensions is dimensionally reduced to the affine self-dual Chem-Simons equation in two dimensions. The latter is shown to have soliton solutions which satisfy the conformal affine Toda equations.K. C. Wong Research Award Winner; address after 28 October 1992: Department of Mathematics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.