Effects of High-Intensity Ultrasound Pretreatment on Structure,Properties, and Enzymolysis of Walnut Protein Isolate

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of high-intensity ultrasonication (HIU) pretreatment before enzymolysis on structural conformations of walnut protein isolate (WPI) and antioxidant activity of its hydrolysates. Aqueous WPI suspensions were subjected to ultrasonic processing at different power levels (600–2000 W) and times (5–30 min), and then changes in the particle size, zeta (ζ) potential, and structure of WPI were investigated, and antioxidant activity of its hydrolysates was determined. The particle size of the particles of aqueous WPI suspensions was decreased after ultrasound, indicating that sonication destroyed protein aggregates. The ζ-potential values of a protein solution significantly changed after sonication, demonstrating that the original dense structure of the protein was destroyed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a change in the secondary structure of WPI after sonication, with a decrease in β-turn and an increase in α-helix, β-sheet, and random coil content. Two absorption peaks of WPI were generated, and the fluorescence emission intensity of the proteins decreased after ultrasonic treatment, indicating that the changes in protein tertiary structure occurred. Moreover, the degree of hydrolysis and the antioxidant activity of the WPI hydrolysates increased after sonication. These results suggest that HIU pretreatment is a potential tool for improving the functional properties of walnut proteins.     

Output feedback regulation of time-delay nonlinear systems with unknown continuous output function and unknown growth rate

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper is concerned with the global regulation via output feedback for the time-delay nonlinear systems with unknown continuous output function and unknown growth rate....     

Facilely prepared aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanocrystals with deep-red emission for super-resolution imaging

Organic nanocrystals (NCs) with high brightness are highly desirable for biological imaging. However, the preparation of NCs by a facile and fast method is still challenging. Herein, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen of 4,4′-(5,6-difluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline) (DTPA-BT-F) in the deep-red region is designed with intensive crystalline features to obtain NCs by kinetically controlled nanoprecipitation. The prepared AIE NCs with high brightness and good photo-stability are then applied in super-resolution imaging via stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy. As observed, the nanostructures in lysosomes of both fixed and live cells are well visualized with superior lateral resolutions under STED nanoscopy (full width at half maximum values, 107 and 108 nm) in contrast to that in confocal imaging (548 and 740 nm). More importantly, dynamic monitoring and long-term tracking of lysosomal movements in live HeLa cells, such as lysosomal contact, can also be carried out by using DTPA-BT-F NCs at a superior resolution. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of AIE NCs prepared by nanoprecipitation for STED nanoscopy, thus providing a new strategy to develop high performance imaging agents for super-resolution imaging.

AIE nanocrystals with high brightness in the deep-red region were facilely prepared by kinetically controlled nanoprecipitation. These nanocrystals were then applied in super-resolution cellular imaging via STED nanoscopy.     

THE RELATIVISTIC COVARIANCE OF ONNES EQUATION

On the assumption that Onnes equations meet the requirements of the relativistic covariance, virial coefficients as functions of temperature are derived by using the transformations between thermodynamic variables provided by the vector theory of relativistic thermodynamics, and result in agreement with those obtained from cluster expansions in statistics. This breaks, to some extent, the traditional ideas that the thermodynamic theory is not able to derive equations of state at all and presents a possibly simple and new way of finding theoretically the equation of state.     

类氢离子电子碰撞激发截面实用定标公式

本文给出了一套计算类氢离子电子碰撞激发截面和速率系数的实用参数,用于计算nl→n'l'跃迁数据,n=1,2,…,4,n'=2,3,…,8。适用范围:3 ≤ Z ≤ 74,n'≤5时,x≥2,n'>5时,x≥20。误差30%左右。     

根据分子量来判断烃的含氧衍生物

中学所涉及到的含氧有机化合物,绝大部分是饱和烃的一元取代含氧化合物,有醇、酚、醛、酮、狡酸和酪。通常判断它们的类别要根据题中给出的该化合物的性质。     

Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Water with Enzyme Membrane Extraction-Gas Chromatography

The pollution of organophosphorus pesticides in water, especially in drinking water source, is a vital threat to life. Therefore, great concern is being focused on the effects of pesticide residues on public health and wildlife. The detection of trace organophosphorus pesticide residues in water is a very important task. In the recent years, the immunoassay technique has been utilized in the determination of trace organophosphorus pesticide residues in various environmental samples.     

Growth and self-frequency doubling laser output of Nd : Ca4Gd0.275Y0.725O(BO3)3 crystal

In this letter, Nd : Ca₄Gd_0.275Y_0.725O(BO₃)₃ (Nd : GdYCOB) single crystal with good optical quality and large size has been grown by the Czochralski method. The absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured. The self-frequency doubling (SFD) laser output of Nd : GdYCOB at 0.53 μm has been demonstrated when a Nd : GdYCOB crystal sample with dimensions of 3 mm×3 mm×7 mm (the phase-matched angle is θ=78.8°, Φ=90°) is pumped by a cw Ti : sapphire laser.     

Organic inclusion complex strategy for designing nonlinear optical crystals for ultraviolet applications

Based on Molecular Engineering and Crystal Engineering concepts, a new method for designing nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal materials, the Organic Inclusion Complex (OIC) method has been demonstrated. In defining an appropriate optical transparent range with respect to the Molecular Engineering method, small organic molecules containing n-π conjugation were selected as “second order harmonic generation (SHG)-active units”(guests). Together with the Crystal Engineering method, chiral molecules were used as “molecular scaffolding” (hosts) to combine with the “SHG-active units” by hydrogen bonds. The former can provide a nonlinear optical effect. The latter leads to the OIC with a noncentrosymmetric structure and are expected to enhance the macroscopic nonlinearity in a synergistic mode of guest and host by inducing the guest molecular dipole alignment as well as other properties, such as thermal stability, mechanical strength and ease of growth. Here, we report two new inclusion complex crystals, urea-(d)tartaric acid (UDT) and urea-(dl)tartaric acid (UDLT) (here, d means dextral and dl means racemic). UDT and UDLT crystals belong to P2,2,2, and P2, space group, respectively. Bulk size crystals with high optical quality were successfully obtained from aqueous solution by using a temperature-lowering method. The experimental results show that these two crystals demonstrate higher NLO effects and shorter wavelength cutoff.