Influence of drying procedure on the mesoporosity and surface fractal dimensions of silica xerogels prepared with different agitation methods

Silica xerogels were prepared by thermal drying wet gels in an electric oven (70 degrees C) after certain duration of ambient drying, and the relevant effect is investigated on the mesopore structures and surface fractal dimensions of the resultant xerogels. The silica gels were derived from a hydrochloric acid-catalyzed TEOS (tetraethylorthaosilicate) system, and both magnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration were adopted during sol preparation. The percentage mesoporosity and surface fractal dimensions are evaluated using image analysis methods, based on FE-SEM (field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy) images. The results show that the mesoporosity of the resultant xerogels decreases with the duration of ambient drying for samples prepared using magnetic stirring and low-intensity ultrasonic vibration, while samples subjected to high-intensity ultrasound show a somewhat reverse trend. Samples prepared with magnetic stirring have almost constant surface fractal dimensions (nearly 3), irrespective of the ambient drying before thermal drying. The surface fractal dimensions of samples prepared using ultrasound increase with the duration of ambient drying.     

Palladium catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions using N,O-bidentate ligands

Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions employing Schiff-bases as ligands toward a series of substituted arylbromides and boronic acids were pursued. In the presence of a N,O-bidentate ligand, 2-[1-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenylimino)-ethyl]-phenol 5, the catalytic reactions could be carried out efficiently at room temperature with a wide array of arylbromides, even with electronically deactivated arenes. A deprotonated 5, 5′, chelated palladium acetate complex, [5′Pd(II)(OAc)(solv)] 8, was proposed as a precursor of a genuine catalytically active species.     

The Constituents of the Leaves of Chamaecyparis Formosensis Matsum

Forty one terpenoidal compounds were isolated from the essential oil of Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. The dominant component is α-pinene. Other major components include β-pinene, 3-carene, α-terpineol, γ-muurolene, and kaurene.     

Electrode Kinetics and Activation Energy of Uranyl-Ferron Chelate by Polarography

The uranyl chelate of ferron was investigated polarographically over the pH range 1.98–10.00 and ligand concentration 0.005–0.060.M. A reversible and diffusion controlled reduction wave was obtained, however, when ferron concentration below 0.02M and pH below 5.0, it became irreversible. The chelate species identified were UO₂(HA) ₂ at pH range 2.5–7.1 and UO₂(OH) (A) ₂^?3 over pH 7.1. The electron-transfer coefficient, rate constant, diffusion coefficient and activation energy of the reduction process were determined.     

Carbonylchromium derivatives of bismuth: new syntheses and relevance to cbond;o activation

We have discovered a series of novel pentacarbonylchromium derivatives of bismuth from the reactions of NaBiO(3) with [Cr(CO)(6)] in KOH/MeOH solutions. When the reaction was carried out at room temperature, the highly charged [Bi[Cr(CO)(5)](4)](3-) (1) was obtained, whose structure was shown by X-ray analysis to possess a central bismuth atom tetrahedrally coordinated to four [Cr(CO)(5)] groups. As the reaction was heated at 80 degrees C, the methyl-substituted complex [MeBi[Cr(CO)(5)](3)](2-)(2) was obtained, presumably via the CbondO activation of MeOH. Further reactions of 1 with CH(2)Cl(2) or CHtbondCCH(2)Br form the halo-substituted complexes [XBi[Cr(CO)(5)](3)](2-)(X=Cl, 3; Br, 4), respectively. On the other hand, the reactions of 1 with RI (R=Me, Et) led to the formation of the alkyl-substituted complexes [RBi[Cr(CO)(5)](3)](2-)(R=Me, 2; Et). The formation of complexes 1-4 is discussed, presumably via the intermediate bismuthinidene [Bi[Cr(CO)(5)](3)](-) or the trianion [Bi[Cr(CO)(5)](3)](3-).     

发光反应型有机铵分子与CdSe纳米晶的组装

用巯基乙酸做稳定剂制备了水溶性CdSe纳米颗粒, 用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HTAB)、发光性(4-甲氧基均二苯乙烯基)二甲基乙基溴化铵 (MODAB)及末端含有双键的(4-甲基丙烯酰氧基均二苯乙烯基)二甲基乙基溴化铵(MSDAB)对该CdSe纳米颗粒进行了混合组装.通过改变三种有机分子的比例可以调控所得组装体的溶解性、聚合性及其发光性质.实验结果表明,当HTAB:MODAB:MSDAB=1:5.98～5.90:0.02～0.10(摩尔比)时,所得组装体具有较好的聚合性、溶解性和荧光性质.     

Syntheses of chromium pentacarbonyl derivatives of arsenic(V) and antimony(V). contrasting chemical reactivity with organic halogen derivatives

We have synthesized a new series of chromium-group 15 dihydride and hydride complexes [H(2)As(Cr(CO)(5))(2)](-) (1) and [HE(Cr(CO)(5))(3)](2)(-) (E = As, 2a; E = Sb, 2b), which represent the first examples of group 6 complexes containing E-H fragments. The contrasting chemical reactivity of 2a and 2b with organic halogen derivatives is demonstrated. The reaction of 2a with RBr (R = PhCH(2), HC triple bond CCH(2)) produces the RX addition products [(R)(Br)As(Cr(CO)(5))(2)](-) (R = PhCH(2), 3; R = C(3)H(3), 4), while the treatment of 2b with RX (RX = PhCH(2)Br or HC triple bond CCH(2)Br, CH(3)(CH(2))(5)C(O)Cl) forms the halo-substituted complexes [XSb(Cr(CO)(5))(3)](2-) (X = Br, 5; X = Cl, 6). Moreover, the dihaloantimony complexes [XX'Sb(Cr(CO)(5))(2)](-) can be obtained from the reaction of 2b with the appropriate organic halides. In this study, a series of organoarsenic and antimony chromium carbonyl complexes have been synthesized and structurally characterized and the role of the main group on the formation of the resultant complexes is also discussed.     

CO在铜基催化剂上活化及助催剂作用本质的量子化学研究

提出了CO在助促和非助促的铜基催化剂上吸附活化的两种活性中心原子族模型Cu_5和Cu_4M~(n+)O。应用电荷自洽离散变分X_a近似计算方法对CO在这两种模型上活化本质,并对过渡金属助催剂离子M~(n+)(从ⅣA—ⅧA族中各选一个V~(3+),Ti~(3+),Fe~(3+),Mn~(2+),Mo~(4+))与合成甲醇铜基催化剂上金属铜原子相互作用的本质及其对CO活化的效应进行量子化学研究。计算表明CO是以碳端吸附在活性中心模型Cu_4M~(n+)O中的Cu(1)原子上,并向助催剂M~(n+)离子倾斜45°。从吸附态CO—Cu_5和CO—Cu_4M~(n+)O的原子簇轨道,态密度以及C—O间重选集居数的计算结果指出,CO分子受到活化。助催剂与催化剂中铜原子间相互作用影响了铜原子的价态,改变体系E_f能级,改善了前线轨道HOMO与CO 2π~*轨道的匹配,从而增加d电子的反馈,降低CO间的重选集居数,促进了CO的活化。     

Advancement of Phenoxypyridine as an Active Scaffold for Pesticides

Phenoxypyridine, the bioisostere of diaryl ethers, has been widely introduced into bioactive molecules as an active scaffold, which has different properties from diaryl ethers. In this paper, the bioactivities, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of compounds containing phenoxypyridine were summarized, which may help to explore the lead compounds and discover novel pesticides with potential bioactivities.     

超声弹性成像应用在角膜疾病诊断中的有限元分析

弹性成像在医学成像领域具有广阔的应用前景.在本文中,有限元法被用于模拟角膜组织的超声弹性成像,通过改变角膜病变组织与正常组织杨氏模量的数值大小及分布,模拟角膜病变的不同情形,分析计算各种不同情形时的应变、应力和位移分布,并对仿真结果进行分析.当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为1:4时,病变区域中心的应变为-0.00854,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应变为-0.02277,为病变区域中心的应变值的2.67倍.病变区域中心的应力为0.04337,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应力为0.02729,相当于病变区域中心的应力值的0.64倍.当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为4:1时,情况刚好相反.基于角膜组织的粘弹性,优化了角膜组织模型.结果表明,利用应变压缩方法可以实现离体组织的弹性成像,超声弹性成像中病变组织与正常组织的生物力学响应差异明显,研究结果可为弹性成像在眼科临床应用上提供理论指导.