The radioisotopic battery based on radio-voltaic effect

The radio-voltaic effect is investigated to be applied radioisotopic batteries in this work. The collection rates of the electron-hole pairs are 94 percent for the alpha particles emitted by²³⁹Pu source and 65 percent for the beta particles emitted by⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y source. The maximum energy conversion efficiency got by the silicon element is about 16%. A prototype radioisotopic battery with¹⁴⁷Pm beta sources is constructed. Its maximum short-circuit current and off voltage are about 2 A and 190 mV respectively. The experimental data suggest that the life of the prototype battery may be more than three years.     

Adsorption enthalpy and desorption enthalpy during displacement of adsorbate to solvent in a liquid-solid system

The adsorption heat of the stoichiometric displacement process for the adsorption of a solute in a liquid-solid system was investigated. On the basis of the SDM-A and the rule of the additivity of energy, an expression which describes the dependence of the adsorption enthalpy on the nature and concentration of the solute, and on the solvent and adsorbent, was derived. The adsorption heat determined for the solute with the traditional method can be divided into two independent fractions, relating to the adsorption of the solute and to the desorption of the solvent. Experimental data on both isotherms from the literatures and precise calorimetry were used to test the adsorption heat and its fractions computed quantitatively via the equations presented in this study, and a satisfactory degree of conformity between them was obtained. Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province in China.