CP violation and extra dimensions

It is shown that new sources of CP violation can be generated in models with more than one extra dimension. In the supersymmetric models on the space-time , where the radius moduli have auxiliary vacuum expectation values and the supersymmetry breaking is mediated by the Kaluza–Klein states of the gauge supermultiplets, we analyze the gaugino masses and trilinear couplings for two scenarios and obtain the result that there exist relative CP violating phases among the gaugino masses and trilinear couplings. Received: 10 October 2001 / Published online: 20 December 2001     

液体可视图象序列中杂质小目标的检测方法

在分析红外图象和视图象差异的基础上，研究了一种适用于可视图像序列的运动小目标检测算法。受目标影响的象素点具有较弱的时间相关性，即相对普通象素点有较大的时间方差，根据此特征，用管道更新的方法产生新方差图象序列，再用管道更新的方法累积，增加信噪比，然后用基于统计均值的自适应门限方法分割出目标，最后将原图象的梯度倒数作为象素点强度的加权，有效地抑制灰度突变边界的传感器噪音，保存目标点。     

概率收缩与PN空间的方程

本文引入概率赋范空间(简称PN空间)中概率收缩的概念,借助这个概念,证明了几个PN空间非线性算子方程解的存在唯一性定理,所得结果推广了Altman相应的结果.     

Synthesis, structure and optical properties of Eu/TiO2 nanocrystals at room temperature

The nanocrystal samples of titanium dioxide doped with europium ion (Eu³⁺/TiO₂ nanocrystal) are synthesized by the sol-gel method with hydrothermal treatment. The Eu³⁺ contents (molar ratio) in the samples are 0, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy data and scanning electron microscope image show that crystallite size is reduced by the doping of Eu³⁺ into TiO₂. Comparing the Raman spectra of TiO₂ with Eu³⁺/TiO₂ (molar ratio Eu³⁺/TiO₂=1%, 2% and 4%) nanocrystals at different annealing temperatures indicates that the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation temperatures of Eu³⁺/TiO₂ nanocrystals are higher than that of TiO₂. This is due to the formation of Eu-O-Ti bonds on the surface of the TiO₂ crystallite, as characterized by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectra of TiO₂ in Eu³⁺/TiO₂ nanocrystals are interpreted by the surface self-trapped and defect-trapped exciton relaxation. The photoluminescence of Eu³⁺ in Eu³⁺/TiO₂ nanocrystals has the strongest emission intensity at 2% of Eu³⁺ concentration.     

Global Optimization of Stochastic Black-Box Systems via Sequential Kriging Meta-Models

This paper proposes a new method that extends the efficient global optimization to address stochastic black-box systems. The method is based on a kriging meta-model that provides a global prediction of the objective values and a measure of prediction uncertainty at every point. The criterion for the infill sample selection is an augmented expected improvement function with desirable properties for stochastic responses. The method is empirically compared with the revised simplex search, the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation, and the DIRECT methods using six test problems from the literature. An application case study on an inventory system is also documented. The results suggest that the proposed method has excellent consistency and efficiency in finding global optimal solutions, and is particularly useful for expensive systems.     

感性与理性的和谐统一--构建和谐课堂的点滴体会

1感性认识与理性认识的和谐统一 在教育理念不断更新发展的今天，有一个新的课堂环境和课堂教学理念，是每一个教育工作者自身发展的一项重要任务．特别是在高中物理学科的课堂教学中，构建人与自然的和谐统一，就要从身边的自然环境出发，立足于感性认识为本，再升华为理性认识，把二者有机结合起来，才能让学生获得一个情感与理论上的和谐统一，提高学生对物理学科的浓厚兴趣．     

Enumeration of perfect matchings of a type of Cartesian products of graphs

Let G be a graph and let Pm(G) denote the number of perfect matchings of G.We denote the path with m vertices by P_m and the Cartesian product of graphs G and H by G×H. In this paper, as the continuance of our paper [W. Yan, F. Zhang, Enumeration of perfect matchings of graphs with reflective symmetry by Pfaffians, Adv. Appl. Math. 32 (2004) 175-188], we enumerate perfect matchings in a type of Cartesian products of graphs by the Pfaffian method, which was discovered by Kasteleyn. Here are some of our results:1. Let T be a tree and let C_n denote the cycle with n vertices. Then Pm(C₄×T)=∏(2+α²), where the product ranges over all eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C₄×T) is always a square or double a square.2. Let T be a tree. Then Pm(P₄×T)=∏(1+3α²+α⁴), where the product ranges over all non-negative eigenvalues α of T.3. Let T be a tree with a perfect matching. Then Pm(P₃×T)=∏(2+α²), where the product ranges over all positive eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C₄×T)=[Pm(P₃×T)]².     

Laser-induced site-selective silver seeding on polyimide for electroless copper plating

Ag particles were generated on Ag⁺-doped polyimide film by laser direct writing, followed by selective copper deposition using the metallic silver particles as seeds. Laser irradiation caused in situ reduction and agglomeration of silver on the polyimide film. The copper lines were less uniform and compact with higher scanning velocity and the width of the deposited copper line could reach 25 μm. Equations of the relationship between scanning velocity and connectivity of the deposited copper patterns have been derived. The process was characterised by AFM, XPS, SEM, and semiconductor characterisation system.     

Synthesis of a Novel Aromatic Diamino-bridged Bis（β-cyclodextrin） and its Inclusion Complexation with Dyes Molecules

Bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s (CDs), as a very important family of CD derivatives, have been known that they can significantly alter the molecular binding ability and selectivity toward a variety of guests in comparison with parent cyclodextrin. Their two…