全文获取类型
收费全文 | 51427篇 |
免费 | 7641篇 |
国内免费 | 7627篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 38998篇 |
晶体学 | 800篇 |
力学 | 2490篇 |
综合类 | 607篇 |
数学 | 5935篇 |
物理学 | 17865篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 148篇 |
2023年 | 807篇 |
2022年 | 1606篇 |
2021年 | 1706篇 |
2020年 | 1797篇 |
2019年 | 1853篇 |
2018年 | 1592篇 |
2017年 | 1622篇 |
2016年 | 2311篇 |
2015年 | 2414篇 |
2014年 | 3030篇 |
2013年 | 3842篇 |
2012年 | 4550篇 |
2011年 | 4669篇 |
2010年 | 3504篇 |
2009年 | 3306篇 |
2008年 | 3729篇 |
2007年 | 3366篇 |
2006年 | 3156篇 |
2005年 | 2614篇 |
2004年 | 2160篇 |
2003年 | 1786篇 |
2002年 | 1822篇 |
2001年 | 1519篇 |
2000年 | 1243篇 |
1999年 | 1087篇 |
1998年 | 730篇 |
1997年 | 682篇 |
1996年 | 600篇 |
1995年 | 568篇 |
1994年 | 504篇 |
1993年 | 394篇 |
1992年 | 359篇 |
1991年 | 304篇 |
1990年 | 287篇 |
1989年 | 216篇 |
1988年 | 152篇 |
1987年 | 126篇 |
1986年 | 131篇 |
1985年 | 98篇 |
1984年 | 58篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 39篇 |
1981年 | 30篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Characteristics and structures of weak efficient surfaces of production possibility sets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Quanling Wei Hong Yan Gang Hao 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2007,327(2):1055-1074
This paper studies the characteristics and structure of the weak surface of the production possibility set. We apply techniques and methods of transferring a polyhedral cone from its intersection form to its sum form, identify an intersection representation of the production possibility set. We give the structure theorem of weak surface of the production possibility set, which includes three complementary slackness conditions. We define the input weak efficiency and output weak efficiency for different DEA models according to the representation of the intersection form. It investigates the characteristics of the weak surfaces, and proves the structure theorems of input weak DEA efficiency and output weak DEA efficiency. The structure theorems establish weighted combination of inputs and outputs that are weak DEA efficient. Numerical examples are provided for illustration. 相似文献
42.
Zhen‐Feng Chen Hong‐Li Zhou Hong Liang Yan Li Ren‐Gen Xiong Xiao‐Zeng You 《应用有机金属化学》2003,17(11):883-884
The centrosymmetric binuclear structure of [Pb2(H‐Norf)2(ONO2)4]shows the geometry around each lead(II) atom to be distorted trigonal bipyramidal with Pb–O distances ranging from 2.357(3) to 2.769(4) Å. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
43.
四种多变量校准方法在FTIR多组分分析中的性能比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对四种多变量校准方法--经典最小二乘法(CLS),偏最小二乘法(PLS),卡尔曼滤波法(KFM)以及人工神经网络法(ANN)--在多组分浓度分析方面的性能进行了比较。选择五种红外谱图严重混叠的大气有机毒物--1,3-丁二烯,苯,邻二甲苯,氯苯和丙烯醛--作为分析对象。分别计算各种方法对该5组分体系的平均预测误差MPE和平均相对误差MRE进行比较。结果表明,偏最小二乘法在处理这类问题中是最稳健的方法。 相似文献
44.
A novel heath monitoring system of the rocket based on fiber optic Bragg gratings is brought forward, its component units and working principle are also described. 相似文献
45.
Ga1-xInxAs(x>0.53)材料是未来长距离低损耗光纤通信的理想光源材料和探测器材料之一.我们采用水平常压MOCVD系统,在InP衬底上成功地生长了Ga1-xInxAs(x>0.53)/InAsyP1-y/Inp异质结材料.其中InAs1-yPy为组份阶梯变化的多层结构.由样品的(400)面X光衍射结果测定了各层组份.由二次离子质谱(SIMS)得到了样品剖面组份变化结果,证明InAs1-yPy层组份为阶梯状变化的.通过对光致发光结果和X光衍射结果比较,可以看到,InAsyP1-y层通过位错和弹性畸变二种方式来释放或积累Ga1-xInxAs与InP间的失配应力,从而减少了Ga1-xInxAs中的失配位错.有效地改善了Ga1-xInxAs的质量.已获得了x高达0.94表面光亮的Ga1-xInxAs/InAs1-yPy/InP异质结材料. 相似文献
46.
Hong Wang 《Graphs and Combinatorics》1994,10(2-4):271-281
Letk and s be two positive integers with s≥3. LetG be a graph of ordern ≥sk. Writen =qk + r, 0 ≤r ≤k - 1. Suppose thatG has minimum degree at least (s - l)k. Then G containsk independent cyclesC 1,C 2,...,C k such thats ≤l(C i ) ≤q for 1 ≤i ≤r arnds ≤l(C i ) ≤q + 1 fork -r <i ≤k, where l(Ci) denotes the length ofC i . 相似文献
47.
Xiao‐Hui Liu Yan‐Guo Li Ying Lin Yue‐Sheng Li 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(7):1272-1281
The reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) mediated by 2‐cyanoprop‐2‐yl dithiobenzoate was first applied to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with a high molecular weight up to 32,800 and a polydispersity index as low as 1.29. The key to success was ascribed to the optimization of the experimental conditions to increase the fragmentation reaction efficiency of the intermediate radical. In accordance with the atom transfer radical polymerization of AN, ethylene carbonate was also a better solvent candidate for providing higher controlled/living RAFT polymerization behaviors than dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The various experimental parameters, including the temperature, the molar ratio of dithiobenzoate to the initiator, the molar ratio of the monomer to dithiobenzoate, the monomer concentration, and the addition of the comonomer, were varied to improve the control of the molecular weight and polydispersity index. The molecular weights of PANs were validated by gel permeation chromatography along with a universal calibration procedure and intrinsic viscosity measurements. 1H NMR analysis confirmed the high chain‐end functionality of the resultant polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1272–1281, 2007 相似文献
48.
Yan Xu 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2007,329(2):1343-1354
In this paper, we obtain some normality criteria for families of meromorphic functions that concern the exceptional functions of derivatives. 相似文献
49.
Ding-kang WANG~ Yan ZHANG Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Academy of Mathematics Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1441-1450
We present an algorithm to decompose a polynomial system into a finite set of normal ascending sets such that the set of the zeros of the polynomial system is the union of the sets of the regular zeros of the normal ascending sets.If the polynomial system is zero dimensional,the set of the zeros of the polynomials is the union of the sets of the zeros of the normal ascending sets. 相似文献
50.
The dendrite growth process of transparent NaBi(WO4)2 with small prandtl and high melting point was studied by using the in-situ observation system. According to the dynamic images and detailed information, there are two kinds of restriction effect on
the dendrite growth, the competition between arms and branches and the convection in the melt. The dendrite growth rate was
time dependent, and the rate of arm growth reached the maximum 5.8 mm/s in the diffusive-advective region and rapidly decreased
in the diffusive-convective region. The growth rate of branch had the same change trends as the arm’s. Based on the EPMA-EDS
data of solidification structure of quenched NaBi(WO4)2 melt, it was found that there were component differences from stoichiometric concentration in the melt near the interface
during the growth process.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50331040) and the Innovation Funds from Shanghai
Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. SCX0623) 相似文献