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101.
Jørgensen LV Amoretti M Bonomi G Bowe PD Canali C Carraro C Cesar CL Charlton M Doser M Fontana A Fujiwara MC Funakoshi R Genova P Hangst JS Hayano RS Kellerbauer A Lagomarsino V Landua R Lodi Rizzini E Macrì M Madsen N Mitchard D Montagna P Rotondi A Testera G Variola A Venturelli L van der Werf DP Yamazaki Y;ATHENA Collaboration 《Physical review letters》2005,95(2):025002
We have developed a new method, based on the ballistic transfer of preaccumulated plasmas, to obtain large and dense positron plasmas in a cryogenic environment. The method involves transferring plasmas emanating from a region with a low magnetic field (0.14 T) and relatively high pressure (10(-9) mbar) into a 15 K Penning-Malmberg trap immersed in a 3 T magnetic field with a base pressure better than 10(-13) mbar. The achieved positron accumulation rate in the high field cryogenic trap is more than one and a half orders of magnitude higher than the previous most efficient UHV compatible scheme. Subsequent stacking resulted in a plasma containing more than 1.2 x 10(9) positrons, which is a factor 4 higher than previously reported. Using a rotating wall electric field, plasmas containing about 20 x 10(6) positrons were compressed to a density of 2.6 x 10(10) cm(-3). This is a factor of 6 improvement over earlier measurements. 相似文献
102.
103.
Taniguchi T Yamanaka K Sumioka H Yamazaki T Tabata Y Kawarazaki S 《Physical review letters》2004,93(24):246605
The extraordinary Hall resistivity rho(xy) and the magnetization M of a canonical spin glass AuFe (8 at.% Fe) were measured simultaneously as functions of temperature with the best care to the thermal and the magnetic field hysteresis. The data of rho(xy) show an anomaly at the spin glass transition temperature T(g) and have different zero field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) measurements below T(g). Moreover, the value of rho(xy)/M, which represents the chiral susceptibility of the system in the present case, also shows the difference between ZFC and FC measurements. The results are consistent with the predictions of the chirality scenario of canonical spin glasses by Kawamura. 相似文献
104.
[reaction: see text] Smooth and selective Payne rearrangement was achieved for the above types of epoxyalcohols with a CF(3) group so as to form thermodynamically more stable alkoxides, where the strongly electron-withdrawing nature of this moiety played a significantly important role and was proved to overcome increased steric instability of epoxides from syn-E to anti-Z isomers. 相似文献
105.
106.
Hou Z Koizumi T Fujita A Yamazaki H Wakatsuki Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2001,123(24):5812-5813
107.
Ida K Funaba H Kado S Narihara K Tanaka K Takeiri Y Nakamura Y Ohyabu N Yamazaki K Yokoyama M Murakami S Ashikawa N deVries PC Emoto M Goto M Idei H Ikeda K Inagaki S Inoue N Isobe M Itoh K Kaneko O Kawahata K Khlopenkov K Komori A Kubo S Kumazawa R Liang Y Masuzaki S Minami T Miyazawa J Morisaki T Morita S Mutoh T Muto S Nagayama Y Nakanishi H Nishimura K Noda N Notake T Kobuchi T Ohdachi S Ohkubo K Oka Y Osakabe M Ozaki T Pavlichenko RO Peterson BJ Sagara A Saito K Sakakibara S Sakamoto R 《Physical review letters》2001,86(23):5297-5300
Recent large helical device experiments revealed that the transition from ion root to electron root occurred for the first time in neutral-beam-heated discharges, where no nonthermal electrons exist. The measured values of the radial electric field were found to be in qualitative agreement with those estimated by neoclassical theory. A clear reduction of ion thermal diffusivity was observed after the mode transition from ion root to electron root as predicted by neoclassical theory when the neoclassical ion loss is more dominant than the anomalous ion loss. 相似文献
108.
T. Watanabe P. Bydžovský K. Dobashi S. Endo Y. Fujii O. Hashimoto T. Ishikawa K. Itoh H. Kanda M. Katoh T. Kinoshita O. Konno K. Maeda A. Matsumura F. Miyahara H. Miyase T. Miyoshi K. Mizunuma Y. Miura S.N. Nakamura H. Nomura Y. Okayasu T. Osaka M. Oyamada A. Sasaki T. Satoh H. Shimizu M. Sotona T. Takahashi T. Tamae H. Tamura T. Terasawa H. Tsubota K. Tsukada M. Ukai M. Wakamatsu H. Yamauchi H. Yamazaki 《Physics letters. [Part B]》2007
109.
Toshimitsu Ichimori Shinichi Yamazaki Kunio Kimura 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(21):4613-4617
The influence of shear flow, especially the timing for the application of shearing, was examined to enhance the selectivity for the preparation of poly(p‐oxybenzoyl) (Pp‐OB) by using hydrodynamically induced phase separation during polymerization of 4‐(4‐acetoxybenzoyloxy)benzoic acid (p‐ABAD) and m‐acetoxybenzoic acid (m‐ABA). The polymers containing few m‐oxybenzoyl (m‐OB) moieties were obtained as precipitates even at high content of m‐OB moiety in feed (χf) under shear flow. The content of m‐OB moiety in the precipitates (χp) prepared under shearing throughout the polymerization at the shear rate (γ) of 489 s?1 was 6.3 mol % even at χf of 60 mol %. Especially, the Pp‐OB was obtained as the precipitates at χf of less than 50 mol %. The timing of the application of the shearing influenced the selectivity significantly, and the shearing just after the precipitation of the oligomers started was quite efficient to enhance the selectivity more. The χp of the precipitates prepared with shearing at γ of 489 s?1 just after the precipitation was only 3.9 mol % even at χf of 60 mol %. The shear flow reduced the difference in the reactivity between p‐ABAD and m‐ABA, resulting in the decrease in the selectivity with regard to the formation of p‐oxybenzoyl homo‐oligomer. However, the shear flow enhanced the difference in the miscibility between homo‐oligomers and co‐oligomers. This change in the miscibility by shear flow brought about the more rapid precipitation of homo‐oligomers, leading to the enhancement of the selectivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
110.
Masahiro Kihara Shin‐Ichiro Kohama Shota Umezono Kanji Wakabayashi Shinichi Yamazaki Kunio Kimura 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(5):1088-1096
Poly(p‐oxybenzoyl) (POB) crystals were prepared by reaction‐induced crystallization during direct polymerization of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid in the presence of boronic anhydrides. Polymerizations were carried out at 300 °C in dibenzyltoluene at a concentration of 1% with three kinds of anhydrides of boronic acid such as 3,4,5‐trifluorophenylboronic acid (TFB), 4‐methoxyphenylboronic acid (MPB) and 4‐biphenylboronic acid (BPB). The POB crystals were formed as precipitates in the solution and the morphology was considerably influenced by both the structure of the boronic anhydride and its concentration (cB). Needle‐like crystals were firmed in the presence of TFB anhydride (TFBA) at cBs of 5 and 10 mol % by the spiral growth of lamellae. Spherical aggregates of slab‐like crystals were formed at cBs from 50 to 100 mol %. The polymerization with MPB anhydride and BPB anhydride (BPBA) also yielded the needle‐like crystals at cBs of 50 and 5 mol %, respectively. The polymerization with TFBA at lower cB was favorable to prepare the needle‐like crystal. Molecular weight was also influenced by the structure of the boronic anhydride and cB. Mn increased generally with cB and BPBA gave the highest Mn of 14.7 × 103 at cB of 100 mol %. The loose packing of the molecules in the crystal caused by the bulkiness of the end‐groups made the polymerization in the crystals more efficiently. Morphology and molecular weight of the POB crystals could be controlled by the chemical structure and the content of boronic anhydride. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011. 相似文献