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131.
Tsuchiya H Enoto T Yamada S Yuasa T Kawaharada M Kitaguchi T Kokubun M Kato H Okano M Nakamura S Makishima K 《Physical review letters》2007,99(16):165002
A report is made on a comprehensive observation of a burstlike gamma-ray emission from thunderclouds on the Sea of Japan, during strong thunderstorms on 6 January 2007. The detected emission, lasting for approximately 40 sec, preceded cloud-to-ground lightning discharges. The burst spectrum, extending to 10 MeV, can be interpreted as consisting of bremsstrahlung photons originating from relativistic electrons. This ground-based observation provides the first clear evidence that strong electric fields in thunderclouds can continuously accelerate electrons beyond 10 MeV prior to lightning discharges. 相似文献
132.
A Cu-TiC alloy, with nanoscale TiC particles highly dispersed in the submicron-grained Cu matrix, was manufactured by a self-developed two-step ball-milling process on Cu, Ti and C powders. The thermostability of the composite was evaluated by high-temperature isothermal annealing treatments, with temperatures ranging from 727 to 1273 K. The semicoherent nanoscale TiC particles with Cu matrix, mainly located along the grain boundaries, were found to exhibit the promising trait of blocking grain boundary migrations, which leads to a super-stabilized microstructures up to approximately the melting point of copper (1223 K). Furthermore, the Cu-TiC alloys after annealing at 1323 K showed a slight decrease in Vickers hardness as well as the duplex microstructure due to selective grain growth, which were discussed in terms of hardness contributions from various mechanisms. 相似文献
133.
Manabu Yamada Muniyappan Rajiv Gandhi Yoshihiko Kondo Fumio Hamada 《Supramolecular chemistry》2014,26(7-8):620-630
The ability of chloroform solutions of p-diethylaminomethylthiacalix[4]arene 1 to extract platinum from HCl media was tested. As an ion-pair extractant, compound 1 had the highest platinum extraction ability among all the thiacalix[n]arene derivatives tested in this study. Compound 1 was a highly specific extractant for Pt(IV) ions from single-metal solutions and platinum-group metal solutions from automotive catalyst residue. Various conditions such as contact time, pH, concentration of 1, effect of chloride ions, effect of acidity and Pt(IV) concentration were studied. The distribution ratio of platinum ions (D) was calculated. The platinum complex stoichiometry ratio was obtained using slope analysis. The 1–Pt(IV) complex was characterised using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR and 1H NMR. Finally, the Pt(IV) extraction percentage of compound 1 was compared with that of previously reported thiacalix[n]arene-based extractants. 相似文献
134.
Prof. Yutaka Maeda Yuhei Hasuike Prof. Kei Ohkubo Atsushi Tashiro Shinya Kaneko Masayuki Kikuta Dr. Michio Yamada Prof. Tadashi Hasegawa Prof. Takeshi Akasaka Dr. Jing Zhou Prof. Jing Lu Prof. Shigeru Nagase Prof. Shunichi Fukuzumi 《Chemphyschem》2014,15(9):1821-1826
This report describes the photochemical behavior of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in the presence of propylamine. The SWNTs are characterized by absorption and Raman spectroscopy. The spectral changes due to photoirradiation indicate that reactions occur predominantly with the metallic SWNTs and small‐diameter SWNTs. The detection of amine radicalcation species by ESR spectroscopy reveals photoinduced electron transfer from the amine to the excited SWNTs. After exposure of the photoirradiated SWNTs to air, the characteristic spectra were recovered, except for that of the small‐diameter SWNTs. The results suggest that, after photoreduction of the SWNTs, subsequent selective sidewall functionalization of the small‐diameter SWNTs occurs. 相似文献
135.
Miyauchi Suguru Yamada Shuji Takeuchi Shintaro Tazaki Asahi Kajishima Takeo 《Transport in Porous Media》2022,141(1):185-199
Transport in Porous Media - A concise and accurate prediction method is required for membrane permeability in chemical engineering and biological fields. As a preliminary study on this topic, we... 相似文献
136.
Masahiko Minoda Katsushi Yamaoka Kenji Yamada Akira Takaragi Takeaki Miyamoto 《Macromolecular Symposia》1995,99(1):169-177
The present paper focuses on (i) a new synthetic methodology to prepare vinyl ether-based synthetic glycoconjugates (glycopolymers) with well-controlled structure, and on (ii) the application of glycopolymers bearing modified disaccharide residue as thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) materials. Two vinyl ethers (VEs) having pendant glucose residues with their hydroxyl functions protected by acetyl and isopropylidene groups, respectively, were found to undergo living cationic polymerization initiated by a HI/ZnI2-initiating system. Deprotection of the resultant monodisperse polymers led to water-soluble polymers bearing a pendant glucose residue. Sequential living block copolymerization of glucose-containing VE and alkyl VE, and subsequent deprotection afforded an amphiphilic block copolymer of well-controlled structure. Transmission electron microscopic observation of its cast thin film revealed microphase-separated surface morphologies that varied with varying segment composition ratio. A VE substituted with a heptadecanoated cellobiose pendant was independently prepared, and was cationically polymerized to give a thermotropic LC polymer. From X-ray analysis, the mesophase was assigned to a discotic columnar in type, in which each main chain, extended due to the steric repulsion between the neighboring bulky pendants, was surrounded by three discotic columns. 相似文献
137.
138.
Kawahara M Kabir MK Yamada K Adachi K Kumagai H Narumi Y Kindo K Kitagawa S Kawata S 《Inorganic chemistry》2004,43(1):92-100
Two new copper(II) compounds of chloranilate and 2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine have been synthesized, and the structures have been solved by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The crystal structure of [[Cu(2)(CA)(terpy)(2)][Cu(CA)(2)]](n)(1), where H(2)CA = chloranilic acid and terpy = 2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine, consists of two modules, the dimer unit [Cu(2)(CA)(terpy)(2)](2+) and the anionic mononuclear unit [Cu(CA)(2)](2)(-), forming an alternated chain. The chain is stabilized by semicoordinating and additional but efficient secondary bonding interactions. The crystal structure of [[Cu(2)(CA)(terpy)(2)(dmso)(2)][Cu(CA)(2)(dmso)(2)](EtOH)](n)(2), where dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide, consists of solvent molecules and two discrete modules, the dimer unit [Cu(2)(CA)(terpy)(2)(dmso)(2)](2+) and the anionic mononuclear unit [Cu(CA)(2)(dmso)(2)](2)(-). The dimer units form a layer by secondary bonding interactions, and the monomer units and ethanol molecules are introduced between the layers. The magnetic properties of 1 and 2 have been investigated in the temperature range 2.0-300 K. A weak ferromagnetic interaction was observed in 1, J(a) = 2.36 cm(-)(1) and zJ(b) = -0.68 cm(-)(1) while no exchange coupling was observed in 2. 相似文献
139.
Deguchi K Keira T Yamada K Ito H Takegawa Y Nakagawa H Nishimura S 《Journal of chromatography. A》2008,1189(1-2):169-174
A novel chromatographic approach coupling anion-exchange (diethylaminoethylene) and hydrophilic-interaction (amide or zwitterionic type) columns was developed for the separating of 2-pyridylamino derivatives of N-glycans (PA-N-glycans). This is a kind of on-line, two-dimensional (2D) separation approach in hydrophilic-interaction chromatography (called the 2D-HILIC method), analogous to that of coupling cation- (or anion-, or mixed ion-) exchange and reversed-phase columns in hydrophobic interaction (reversed-phase) chromatography. The efficiency of the 2D-HILIC method was tested with biantennary neutral and sialylated PA-N-glycan standards by properly combining linear gradient elutions of water-acetonitrile and spiked-salt (ammonium acetate) elutions. The retention time RSDs of all the peaks in three sequential runs of a 100 min cycle are less than 0.52%, which indicates a reasonably good repeatability of the 2D-HILIC method. Then, the method was applied to a complex mixture of PA-N-glycans from human serum proteins. It was demonstrated that the neutral PA-N-glycans and mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasialylated PA-N-glycans are able to be eluted in turn according to the number of sialic acids in an automated (programmed) single run. 相似文献
140.