Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Organic-inorganic Hybrid One-dimensional Polymer： [Zn（C8H23N5）]2（Pb3I10）

1 INTRODUCTION Recently, the organic-inorganic hybrid Ⅳa groupmetal halides with low-dimensional structure haveattracted much attention of chemists and physicistsdue to their particular properties and applications.For example, they are akin to “natural quantum-well”architectures and have tunable excitonic propertiesusually governed by the inorganic substructure andorganic component[1]; they have been applied assome technologically important materials, such assemiconductor materials in …     

壳聚糖作用下一步法合成具有高电活性的AgCl@聚苯胺核壳结构

在壳聚糖的作用下，采用简单的一步法合成了具有星状结构的氯化银/聚苯胺核壳型复合材料。当壳聚糖的浓度为1%时，所制备的氯化银/聚苯胺复合材料具有高度的分散性，壳层厚度为30～80 nm、核的直径在25～60 nm范围内。通过透射电镜、红外光谱和X-射线衍射对样品的形态和组成进行了表征。循环伏安实验结果表明这种复合材料在中性条件下具有很好的电化学活性。     

Tetra(μ3-hydroxo)hexa(μ2-carboxylato-O,O′)-bridged tetranuclear terbium(III) cubane complex

A novel tetranuclear terbium(III) complex [Tb₄(OH)₄(pybet)₆(H₂O)₈][Tb₄(OH)₄(pybet)₆(H₂O)₇ (NO₃)](ClO₄)₁₄·6H₂O has been synthesized and shown by X-ray crystallography to have a cubane-like Tb₄(μ₃-OH)₄(μ₂-carboxylato-O,O′)₆ core. The ligand pybet is pyridinoacetate, C₅H₅⁺N-CH₂CO₂⁻. Magnetic susceptibility data were measured for this Tb₄ complex in the range of 2.0–320 K and in fields of 1.0 G to 50.0 kG. It is concluded that either there is very weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction (J = −0.015 cm⁻¹) or there is a small crystal-field splitting of the ⁷F₆ Tb^III ground state.     

高速公路两侧农业土壤中挥发性有机化合物污染研究

挥发性有机物(VOC)是石油、化工、制药、印刷、建材、喷涂等行业排放的最常见污染物.其在土壤中具有隐蔽性、挥发性、累积性、多样性、强毒害性等污染特性[1],对人体的健康影响很大.     

Ce-Zr-Ba-O纳米材料的制备及其结构与性能研究

以金属硝酸盐为原料,分别采用高分子前驱体法、柠檬酸盐凝胶法制备了纳米级的Ce-Zr-Ba-O复合氧化物超细粒子,采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、BET比表面测定、热重-差热(TG-DTA)技术对催化剂进行了表征,并考察了催化剂的CO氧化活性和热稳定性。实验结果表明,高分子前驱体法和柠檬酸盐凝胶法制备的催化剂粉体都达到了纳米级。两种方法中,高分子前驱体法所制得的催化剂的BET比表面达118.96m²·g^-1,CO氧化反应活性较高,同时该方法制得的催化剂分散性好,无团聚,经1000℃高温焙烧后仍基本无烧结、无团聚现象,具有较高的热稳定性。     

气相色谱法测定阳离子表面活性剂合成体系中脂肪烷基二甲基叔胺

选用HP-NINOWax毛细管色谱柱及氢火焰离子化检测器（FID），采用程序升温，建立了4种脂肪烷基二甲基叔胺的分析方法。结果表明，4种脂肪烷基二甲基叔胺质量浓度在0.005~1.0 g/L范围内，其峰面积与质量浓度有良好的线性关系，相关系数（R²）在0.9996以上。检出限（LODs，信噪比为3）在0.001~0.002 g/L之间，定量限（LOQs，信噪比为10）在0.003~0.005 g/L之间，回收率在90%~130%之间，相对标准偏差为1.3%~6.9%（n=6）。方法的线性范围宽、回收率高、选择性好，可用于叔胺的产品质量分析及生产过程控制分析。利用该方法对阳离子表面活性剂合成反应中十六烷基二甲基叔胺进行监测，结果很好地符合双分子亲核取代反应。该方法比滴定分析法更快速、精确，与液相色谱法相比，不需要进行柱前衍生或者使用色谱-质谱联用仪器。     

有机溶剂性质及其水含量对酶催化合成含D－氨基酸残基的二肽衍生物的影响

有机溶剂性质及其水含量对酶催化合成保护的寡肽及其衍生物有显著影响。系 统地研究了有机溶剂性质及在不同有机溶剂中水含量对α－胰凝乳蛋白酶催化合成 含D－氨基酸残基的二肽衍生物产率的影响。用α－胰凝乳蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白 酶和嗜热杆菌蛋白酶在有机溶剂中催化合成了一系列保护的二肽及其衍生物，并研 究了水含量对反应产率的影响，得到了十分有意义的结果。     

CuO在ZrO2上的分散状态及其对催化性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＲ和ＴＰＤ－ＭＳ等手段表征了浸渍法制备的ＣｕＯ／ＺｒＯ２催化剂，发现ＺｒＯ２上高度分散的氧化铜具有显著的易被还原和再氧化的特性，从而催化剂具有高的ＣＯ氧化活性。     

Sm, Pr掺杂CeO2和CeMoO15基固体电解质的结构与性能

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Sm和Pr掺杂的CeO2和CeMoO15基固体电解质, 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)等手段对氧化物结构进行了分析, 用交流阻抗谱测试了其电性能, 并比较了不同基体及其掺杂体系的结构与电性能. 结果表明, Ce6MoO15基掺杂体系的导电性能高于CeO2基掺杂体系; 元素Mo的加入使Ce6MoO15基材料的晶粒尺寸增大, 晶界相成分减少, 材料的晶界电导率增加, 600 ℃以下材料导电性能明显提高; Pr的掺入减小了材料的晶粒尺寸, 提高了材料的晶界电导率.     

Room-temperature ferroelectric and ferroelastic orders coexisting in a new tetrafluoroborate-based perovskite

The coexistence of multiferroic orders has attracted increasing attention for its potential applications in multiple-state memory, switches, and computing, but it is still challenging to design single-phase crystalline materials hosting multiferroic orders at above room temperature. By utilizing versatile ABX₃-type perovskites as a structural model, we judiciously introduced a polar organic cation with easily changeable conformations into a tetrafluoroborate-based perovskite system, and successfully obtained an unprecedented molecular perovskite, (homopiperazine-1,4-diium)[K(BF₄)₃], hosting both ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity at above room temperature. By using the combined techniques of variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural analyses, differential scanning calorimetry, and dielectric, second harmonic generation, and piezoresponse force microscopy measurements, we demonstrated the domain structures for ferroelectric and ferroelastic orders, and furthermore disclosed how the delicate interplay between stepwise changed dynamics of organic cations and cooperative deformation of the inorganic framework induces ferroelectric and ferroelastic phase transitions at 311 K and 455 K, respectively. This instance, together with the underlying mechanism of ferroic transitions, provides important clues for designing advanced multiferroic materials based on organic–inorganic hybrid crystals.

An unprecedented tetrafluoroborate-based perovskite reveals the coexistence of ferroelastic and ferroelectric transitions arising from delicate interplay between stepwise frozen organic cations and cooperative deformation of the framework.