绿色荧光蛋白质——2008年诺贝尔化学奖成果介绍

介绍了2008年诺贝尔化学奖得主下村修、马丁.查尔菲和钱永健3位科学家在绿色荧光蛋白质的发现和开发方面的卓越贡献,阐述了绿色荧光蛋白质的结构、性质以及应用等。     

(乙酸乙烯酯-co-丙烯酸)共聚物的合成、醇解及产物水溶性研究

用乙酸乙烯酯(VAc)和丙烯酸(AA)进行溶液聚合制备(乙酸乙烯酯-co-丙烯酸)共聚物[P(VAc-co-AA)],研究了不同单体投料比时的聚合反应速率,结果表明:反应时间一定,随AA含量增加,聚合反应速率降低,转化率降低;反应5小时后,不同AA含量体系的转化率差别减小;傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)测试结果表明AA与VAc发生共聚.用氢氧化钠(NaOH)作为催化剂对P(VAc-co-AA)进行醇解制得产物聚乙烯醇(PVA),通过X-射线衍射(XRD)测定了醇解产物结晶度,进一步考察了醇解产物在70℃水中的溶解性.结果表明:与聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVAc)的醇解产物相比,P(VAc-co-AA)的醇解产物结晶度有所下降,在水中的溶解性提高.     

Ag-TiO_2/ACF纳米复合物的制备及其对亚甲基兰光降解作用及抗菌性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前躯体,活性炭纤维(ACF)为载体,蔗醣为粘结剂,采用真空吸附水解法制备了TiO2/ACF催化剂.通过在TiO2/ACF表面负载上银纳米颗粒,制得Ag-TiO2/ACF光降解-抗菌复合材料.利用BET、XRD、SEM等方法对其进行了表征.研究了Ag-TiO2/ACF在光照下对亚甲基兰的降解作用和对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果.结果表明,光照2h,Ag-TiO2/ACF可以将溶液中亚甲基兰降解97%以上.当纳米复合材料中Ag含量为0.75wt%时,Ag-TiO2/ACF对大肠杆菌具有很强的灭杀作用.     

Structural Characterization of Volatile Components of Rosa Banksiae Ait for Estimation and Prediction of Their Linear Retention Indices and Retention Times

The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR）. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique, the QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables and linear retention index （LRI） 10, 7 and 6 varieables were built up by combinating MEDV with the Ultra2 column GC retention time （tR） of 53 volatile components of Rosa Banksiae Air. The multiple correlation coefficients （R） of modeling calculation values of QSRR model were 0.906, 0.906, 0.949, 0.943 and 0.949, respectively. The cross-verification multiple correlation coefficients （RCV） were 0.903, 0.904, 0.867, 0.901 and 0.904, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.     

Crystal Structure of Dimeric Units Cd2（ncpo）2（phen）2（H2O）2 Constructed by Flexible Dicarboxylic Acid with Fluorescent Emission

A dimeric coordination complex Cd2（ncpo）2（phen）2（H2O）2 was constructed by a flexible dicarboxylic acid, 2-nitro-4-carboxylphenoxyacetic acid. Its crystal structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The crystal is of monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 17.2616（3）, b = 12.7460（2）, c = 18.4041（3） A^°, β= 94.432（1）°, C42H30Cd2N6O16, Mr = 1099.52, V = 4037.09（12）A^°^3 Dc = 1.809 g/cm^3, F（000） = 2192, μ = 1.139 cm^-1 and Z = 4. The final R = 0.0218 and wR = 0.0703 for 8288 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. There are two crystallographically independent but structurally very similar molecules in the unit cell of the title complex. It is noticeable that the ligand ncpo^2- displays a good flexibility, demonstrating different modes from the rigid ligands. The luminescence property has been investigated, which shows photoluminescence at 465, 490 and 574 nm upon excitation at 320 nm in the solid state at room temperature.     

Improved Electrochemical Performance of Mg-doped ZnO Thin Film as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Zn1-xMgxO （x = 0, 0.18） thin films were fabricated on the copper substrates by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering using the high pure argon as a sputtering gas. The Zn1-xMgxO films were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and galvanostatic tests. The electrochemical test showed an improved electrochemical performance of Zn0.82EMg0.18O thin film as an anode material for lithium ion batteries.     

Zero- and One-dimensional Organic-inorganic Hybrid Compounds Based on Monovacant Keggin Polyoxotungstatesa

Two new organic-inorganic hybrid mono-transition-metal-substituted polyoxometalates [Ni(2,2'-bipy)3]3[Ni(H2O)SiW11O39]·11H2O 1 and [Cu(dien)(H2O)][Cu(dien)(H2O)2]2-[CuSiW11O39]·5.5H2O 2 (2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dien = diethylenetriamine) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, magnetic properties, and IR spectrum. Crystal data for 1: monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 17.492(3), b = 33.481(5), c = 20.493(3) A, β = 101.894(3)°, Dc = 2.563 mg/A3, F(000) = 8440,μ = 11.454 mm-1 and Z = 4; and those for 2: monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 11.114(3), b = 22.803(7), c = 22.468(7) A, β = 97.896(6)°, Dc = 4.036 mg/A3, F(000) = 6140,μ = 23.942 mm-1 and Z = 4. The study on the magnetic susceptibility of 2 demonstrates the presence of ferromagnetic interaction.     

车间空气中铅测定的质量控制方法

空气铅是评价铅作业环境中铅接触和吸收程度的常用指标.目前测定铅烟、铅尘的方法,有火焰原子吸收光谱法、双硫腙分光光度法、氢化物-原子吸收光谱法以及微分电位溶出法等[1].     

酸性络蓝K双波长信号系数光度法测定钙镁

基于在氢氧化钠溶液中,钙、镁均与酸性络蓝K(ACBK)形成暗红色配合物,提出了测定钙和镁的双波长信号系数光度法.该法不仅消除了钙、镁之间的吸收干扰,且消除了一定量的共存离子的干扰.利用褪色法与生色法的吸光度之和作为信号吸光度,使方法的灵敏度大为提高.测定钙、镁总量时,分别用钙、镁吸收曲线正峰与负峰上的等吸收波长470.5 nm(λPa)及559.5 nm(λNa)处测定吸光度APa和ANa,求得总量的信号系数fs为2.439.于λPa470.5 nm处测得任一浓度钙、镁试液的吸光度APa′,其信号吸光度As=fsAλPa′.测定镁时,以试剂ACBK褪色对钙配合物生色的完全相消干扰的波长539 nm(Pa)作为测定波长,负峰波长583 nm为Na.按相同方法测得镁的信号系数fs为4.148.     

一种提取复杂物质中易挥发组分的有效方法——同时蒸馏萃取及其应用

文中介绍了同时蒸馏萃取法的基本原理及影响萃取效率的主要因素,总结该试样预处理方法在食品及饮料分析、植物精油的提取及分析、烟草分析等领域的应用情况.引用文献72篇.