激光金等离子体的电子离子碰撞电离速率系数

电子离子碰撞电离过程在超组态碰撞辐射(SCROLL)模型中真实模拟非局域热动力学平衡(non-LTE)高Z材料Au激光等离子体M带谱5f-3d跃迁中各种复杂离子的电离态特性,诸如离子的平均电离度和电荷态分布是一个主要过程.基于准相对论扭曲波玻恩交换近似,采用组态平均的方法,从头计算了金M带类铁金离子-类锗金离子的电子离子碰撞电离速率系数,其中电离截面的高能行为由Bethe系数决定.结果表明:在"神光Ⅱ"实验装置诊断的电子温度～2keV,电子密度～6×1021cm-3范围内,这些参数有利于使用超组态碰撞辐射模型拟Au的激光等离子体M带细致谱5f-3d跃迁的平均电离度和电荷态分布.     

Novel Dual‐Site‐Binding Neuraminidase Inhibitor from Virtual Screening by Pharmacophore and Molecular Dynamics Methods

Neuraminidase is a significant anti‐influenza target that plays crucial role in virus replication cycle. The discovery of 150‐cavity in Group‐1 neuraminidase provides us a novel mentality of designing inhibitor which can bind with both conserved site and 150‐cavity. In order to discover novel dual‐site‐binding inhibitors, a 3D chemical‐feature‐based pharmacophore model was established to cover dual‐site in neuraminidase. The dual‐site‐binding model was consistent in predicting the binding conformation of Group‐1 neuraminidase inhibitor and applied for virtual screening of Specs database. Compound 4 (ZINC05790048) that aligned well to the model was selected after multiple filtrations for molecular dynamics simulations, indicating improved binding energy with neuraminidase. It can sever as the lead compound for a novel series of inhibitors.     

γ-Ray-Radiation-Scissioned Chitosan as a Gene Carrier and Its Improved in uitro Gene Transfection Performance

Chitosan (CS) is expected to be an ideal gene carrier for its high biosafety. In this work, CS with low molecular weight were prepared through the γ-ray radiation on the acetic acid solution of CS. The CS chains were scissioned under the γ-ray radiation, and the molecular weight (MW) of CS decreased with the absorbed dose. When the absorbed dose was above 30 kGy, the molecular weight of CS decreased about an order of magnitude. The γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS can e ectively bind with plasmid (pEGFP) through complex coacervation method, forming pEGFP/ γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS complex particles with a size of 200-300 nm. The complex particles have good stability and little cytotoxicity. The in uitro gene transfection efficiencies of the pEGFP/ γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS complex particles were investigated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The results showed that the gene vectors using γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS as the carrier will possess better gene transfection efficiency than those using natural high-MW CS as the carrier. The higher the absorbed dose, the smaller the MW of CS and the better transfection efficiency of the corresponding gene vector. This work provides a green and simple method on the preparation of CS-based gene vectors with high efficiency and biosafety.     

Generating monoenergetic proton beam by using circularly polarlzed laser

The interaction of ultrashort intense circularly polarized laser with ultra thin overdense foil is studied by particle-in-cell simulation and analytic model.It is found that with the balance between pondermotive force and electrostatic force,highly quasi-monoenergetic proton beam can be generated by Phase Stable Acceleration(PSA)process.As in conventional accelerators,ion will be accelerated and bunched up in the longitudinal direction at the same time.     

中性人乳寡糖的分离及结构鉴定

以脱脂、除蛋白后的人乳为原料,联合运用阴离子交换色谱(AEC)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和多孔石墨化碳色谱(PGC)等多种分离纯化技术制备了18种中性人乳寡糖,并采用电喷雾碰撞诱导串联质谱(ESI-CIDMS/MS)技术对其结构进行了鉴定.结果表明,所制备的中性人乳寡糖主要为三至九糖,含有半乳糖(Gal)、葡萄糖(Glc)、N-乙酰葡萄糖胺(GlcNAc)和岩藻糖(Fuc).所有寡糖的还原端均含有乳糖核心(Galβ1-4Glc),非还原端均含有乳糖胺(Galβ1-3/4GlcNAc),并且Fuc以α1-2,α1-3和α1-4连接于主链的Gal,Glc和GlcNAc上.     

KMgF3:Ce3+,Tb3+纳米粒子中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光及能量传递

利用微乳液方法,合成了铈、铽共掺杂的氟镁钾纳米粒子,研究了体系中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光特性以及它们之间的相互作用,结果表明KMgF3:Ce3+Tb3+纳米粒子中存在Ce3+→Tb3+的能量传递过程,即Ce3+可以将吸收的能量直接传递给Tb3+离子,使得Tb3+的绿色发光强度大为增加.     

Beam dynamics and RF design of trapezoidal IH-RFQ with low energy spread

Beam dynamics and RF design have been performed of a new type trapezoidal IH-RFQ operating at 104 MHz for acceleration of 14C+ in the framework of RFQ based 14C AMS facility at Peking University. Low energy spread RFQ beam dynamics design was approached by the method of internal discrete bunching. 14C+ will be accelerated from 40 keV to 500 keV with the length of about 1.1 m. The designed transmission efficiency is better than 95% and the energy spread is as low as 0.6%. Combining the beam dynamics design, a trapezoidal IH-RFQ structure was proposed, which can be cooled more easily and has better mechanical performance than traditional RFQ. Electromagnetic field distribution was simulated by using CST Microwave Studio (MWS). The specific shunt impedance and the quality factor were optimized primarily.     

Discontinuous transition from free flow to synchronized flow induced by short-range interaction between vehicles in a three-phase traffic flow model

In this paper, we incorporate a limitation on the interaction range between neighboring vehicles into the cellular automaton model proposed by Gao and Jiang et al. [K. Gao, R. Jiang, S. X. Hu, B. H. Wang and Q. S. Wu, Phys. Rev. E 76 (2007) 026105], which was established within the framework of Kerner’s three-phase traffic theory and has been shown to be able to reproduce the three-phase traffic flow. This modification eliminates an unrealistic phenomenon found in the previous model, where the velocity-adaptation effect between neighboring vehicles can exist even if those vehicles are infinitely far away from each other. Therefore, in the improved model, we regulate that such interactions can only occur within a finite distance. For simplicity, we suppose a constant value to describe this distance in this paper. As a result, when compared to the previous model, the improved model mainly simulates the following results which are believed to be an improvement. (1) The improved model successfully reproduces the expected discontinuous transition from free flow to synchronized flow and the related “moving synchronized flow pattern”, which are both absent in the original model but have been observed in real traffic. (2) The improved model simulates the correlation functions, time headway distributions and optimal velocity functions which are all more consistent with the empirical data than the previous model and most of the other models published before. (3) Together with the previous two models considering the velocity-difference effect, this model finally accomplishes a significative process of developing traffic flow models from the traditional “fundamental diagram approach” to the three-phase traffic theory. This process should be helpful for us to understand the traffic dynamics and mechanics further and deeper.