退火温度对KDP晶体光学均匀性的影响研究

 研究了磷酸二氢钾（KDP）晶体热退火前后光学均匀性的变化，发现适当温度下退火可以降低KDP晶体的内应力，提高晶体的消光比，从而提高晶体的光学均匀性。实验证明，50℃下退火即可消除部分内应力，110℃下退火可以消除生长鬼影和鬼线。但是,退火温度太高（如170℃）,也可能使晶体的均匀性降低。     

基于灰色数学的洗胃液量的软测量

鉴于洗胃液量实时在线检测与求解的困难,提出利用灰色数学的累加生成方法,把液量作为主导变量,管路二处压力差的累积压力作为二次变量,根据二者之间的一一映射关系,仿真实验研究洗胃液量的软测量技术,给出了实验结果,为液量的工程检测提供了一种数学方法.     

Spatial donor/acceptor architecture for intramolecular charge-transfer emitter

Charge transfer via electron hopping from an electron donor (D) to an acceptor (A) in nanoscale, plays a crucial role in optoelectronic materials, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Here, we propose a strategy for binding D/A units in space, where intramolecular charge-transfer can take place. The resulted material DM-Me-B is able to give bright emission in this molecular architecture because of the good control of D/A interaction and conformational rigidity. Moreover, DM-Me-B presents small singlet-triplet splitting energy, enabling thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Therefore, the DM-Me-B exhibits ～20% maximum external quantum efficiency and low efficiency roll-off at 1000 cd/m², certifying an effective strategy in controlling D/A blocks through space.     

Preparation of sinapinaldehyde modified mesoporous silica materials and their application in selective extraction of trace Pb(II)

A new solid phase extractant, sinapinaldehyde (SA) modified SBA-15 mesoporous silica, was developed for selective extraction and preconcentration of trace Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The successful immobilization of SA on SBA-15 and the strong interaction between SA-SBA-15 and Pb(II) were characterized and confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Parameters such as solution pH, shaking time, eluent condition and sample volume were optimized so that the maximum removal of Pb(II) from solution could be achieved. At pH 4.0, the maximum adsorption capacity of the sorbent for Pb(II) was found to be 33.6?mg?g^?1 and the adsorbed Pb(II) could be completely eluted using a mixed solution of 2?M HCl and 5% CS(NH₂)₂. Some common metal ions such as K(I), Na(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) did not interfere with the adsorption of trace Pb(II). The detection limit of the present method was found to be 1.3?ng?mL^?1 and the relative standard deviation was less than 2.0% (n?=?8). These results suggested that this new sorbent is very efficient and selective for the removal of trace Pb(II) in water samples.     

Asymmetric Synthesis VIII: Enantioselective Synthesis of (R) or (S)-α-Substituted Benzylamines VIA Chiral Pinanone Ketimine Template

An excellent asymmetric synthesis of both (R) and (S)-α-substituted benzylamines in optical purity 90.4–99.9% has been achieved by alkylation of a chiral ketimine, prepared from pinanone and benzylamine. Diastereoselectivity in the alkylation is not dependent on the alkyl halides.     

Cu∶CdS纳米晶的绿色合成、结构及光谱性质研究

本文利用一种绿色合成工艺,采用巯基乙酸作为配体,在水溶液中成功合成了水溶性的Cu∶CdS纳米晶。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、场发射扫描电镜显微分析(FE-SEM)、能量色散X射线谱(EDX)、紫外可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱对样品的晶体学性质、结构、形貌、成分、吸收光谱性质进行了系统的研究。着重研究了掺杂浓度对Cu∶CdS纳米晶的晶体学性质及吸收光谱的影响。结果表明:合成的Cu∶CdS纳米晶为立方相,通过谢乐公式估算的平均晶粒尺寸约为2 nm;随着掺杂浓度的增加,产物的晶胞参数也逐渐增大,表明Cu离子已经掺入到CdS纳米晶中,该发现与EDX结果相吻合。FT-IR红外光谱发现,配体巯基乙酸成功包覆在纳米晶的表面。UV-vis吸收谱表明,掺杂后的Cu∶CdS纳米晶的吸收峰向长波长方向移动。这种红移主要是Cu离子在CdS纳米晶中的掺杂而形成电子能级跃迁所致。     

Photoisomerization Mechanism of Ruthenium Sulfoxide Complexes: Role of the Metal‐Centered Excited State in the Bond Rupture and Bond Construction Processes

Phototriggered intramolecular isomerization in a series of ruthenium sulfoxide complexes, [Ru(L)(tpy)(DMSO)]ⁿ⁺ (where tpy=2,2’:6’,2’’‐terpyridine; DMSO=dimethyl sulfoxide; L=2,2’‐bipyridine (bpy), n=2; N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen) n=2; picolinate (pic), n=1; acetylacetonate (acac), n=1; oxalate (ox), n=0; malonate (mal), n=0), was investigated theoretically. It is observed that the metal‐centered ligand field (³MC) state plays an important role in the excited state S→O isomerization of the coordinated DMSO ligand. If the population of ³MC_S state is thermally accessible and no ³MC_O can be populated from this state, photoisomerization will be turned off because the ³MC_S excited state is expected to lead to fast radiationless decay back to the original ¹GS_S ground state or photodecomposition along the Ru²⁺?S stretching coordinate. On the contrary, if the population of ³MC_S (or ³MC_O) state is inaccessible, photoinduced S→O isomerization can proceed adiabatically on the potential energy surface of the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer excited states (³MLCT_S→³MLCT_O). It is hoped that these results can provide valuable information for the excited state isomerization in photochromic d⁶ transition‐metal complexes, which is both experimentally and intellectually challenging as a field of study.     

Electrochemical Signal Enhancer Fabricated Using Lysine‐rich Peptide for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Analysis

Here we present a novel design of electrochemical signal enhancer to increase the detection sensitivity of electrochemical DNA biosensors. The key element of this enhancer is a lysine‐rich peptide (LRP). Its C‐terminal is conjugated with a planer molecule, being able to intercalate into the base pairs of probe‐target duplexes. The lysine residues of LRP are covalently linked with electrochemical signal indicators, acting as an assembly of electrochemical signal indicators. Experimental results proved the feasibility of the novel design. We have examined the effects of the numbers of lysine residues and the hybridization conditions on the detection sensitivity. The optimization procedures have led to significant sensitivity enhancement, and the LOD (limit of detection) has been determined to be 1.4 amol. This enhancer demonstrates advantages of easy operation, simple instrumentation, and high exemption from environmental influence.     

Kinetics and isothermal adsorption of U(VI) in aqueous solution by nano-Ni0

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The nanoscale zero-valent nickel (nano-Ni0) was prepared by liquid-phase reduction method and characterized by BET, XPS, FT-IR and XRD and be used...