Research on the Solid State Fermentation of Jerusalem Artichoke Pomace for Producing <Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>-2,3-Butanediol by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paenibacillus polymyxa</Emphasis> ZJ-9

R,R-2,3-butanediol (R,R-2,3-BD) was produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJ-9, which was capable of utilizing inulin without previous hydrolysis. The Jerusalem artichoke pomace (JAP) derived from the conversion of Jerusalem artichoke powder into inulin extract, which was usually used for biorefinery by submerged fermentation (SMF), was utilized in solid state fermentation (SSF) to produce R,R-2,3-BD. In this study, the fermentation parameters of SSF were optimized and determined in flasks. A novel bioreactor was designed and assembled for the laboratory scale-up of SSF, with a maximum yield of R,R-2,3-BD (67.90 g/kg (JAP)). This result is a 36.3% improvement compared with the flasks. Based on the same bath of Jerusalem artichoke powder, the total output of R,R-2,3-BD increased by 38.8% for the SSF of JAP combined with the SMF of inulin extraction. Overall, the utilization of JAP for R,R-2,3-BD production was beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of Jerusalem artichoke tuber.     

REMARK ON STABILITY OF ISHIKAWA ITERATIVE PROCEDURES

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｉｅｓＳｕｐｐｏｓｅＥｉｓａｒｅａｌＢａｎａｃｈｓｐａｃｅａｎｄＴｉｓａｓｅｌｆｍａｐｏｆＥ .Ｓｕｐｐｏｓｅｘ0 ∈Ｅａｎｄｘｎ+1=ｆ(Ｔ ,ｘｎ)ｄｅｆｉｎｅｓａｎｉｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｗｈｉｃｈｙｉｅｌｄｓａｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｏｆｐｏｉｎｔｓ ｘｎ ∞ｎ=0 ｉｎＥ .Ｆｏｒａｎｅｘａｍｐｌｅ ,ｔｈｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｉｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎｘｎ+1=ｆ(Ｔ ,ｘｎ) =Ｔｘ0 .ＳｕｐｐｏｓｅＦ(Ｔ) =ｘ∈Ｅ :Ｔｘ=ｘ ≠ ａｎｄｔｈａｔ ｘｎ ｃｏｎｖｅｒｇｅｓｓ…     

氮化铁磁性流体密封研究

利用磁性流体被磁场吸附的原理，探讨了氮化铁磁性流体密封装置的设计原理和动作过程，分析并通过试验验证了磁性流体密封承压能力，进而成功地研制了氮化铁磁性流体密封安全阀，基于磁性流体密封安全阀开启压力稳定性、可控性和密封性能测试结果，所研制的样机已正常运行10000h。     

粘性减阻技术及其应用

本文综述了几种粘性减阻方法及其减阻的机理，联系了其在水相、油相中节约能源、材料，提高速度和效率等方面的应用     

聚乙烯醇载体制备及其固定化微生物处理污水研究进展

聚乙烯醇在生物活性高分子研究中的作用日趋重要,本文归纳了近年来聚乙烯醇类微生物固定化载体制备与改进方法的研究进展,以及聚乙烯醇载体固定化微生物技术在废水处理中的应用,并展望了聚乙烯醇类固定化微生物载体制备、改性及其在废水处理中应用前景。     

Isolation of lignosulfonate with low polydispersity index

<正>Lignosulfonate with low polydispersity index of 1.178-1.210 was isolated by gel column chromatography of Sephacryl S-100 eluted with 0.2 mol/L of NaNO_3 aqueous solution,whereas nearly monodisperse ligosulfonate fraction with polydispersity of 1.0(57 can be obtained after chromatographic separation twice.This method provides an available approach to investigate the structure and characteristics of lignosulfonate.     

吡啶氮桥联双环三唑鎓盐的合成及其在催化苯偶姻缩合、酯交换反应中的应用

合成了12个吡啶氮桥联的双环三唑鎓盐2a～2l卡宾催化剂前体,用于催化苯偶姻缩合反应和酯交换反应,考察了反应条件对催化反应的影响,并与其它三唑鎓盐的催化活性进行了比较.结果表明,在较低催化剂用量下,催化剂2c表现出优良的催化活性,分离产率最高分别达到98%和93%.     

Mechanistic Insights into the Substrate‐Controlled Stereochemistry of Glycals in One‐Pot Rhodium‐Catalyzed Aziridination and Aziridine Ring Opening

We carried out a principle study on the reaction mechanism of rhodium‐catalyzed intramolecular aziridination and aziridine ring opening at a sugar template. A sulfamate ester group was introduced at different positions of glycal to act as a nitrene source and, moreover, to allow the study of the relative reactivity of the nitrene transfer from different sites of the glycal molecule. The structural optimization of each intermediate along the reaction pathway was extensively done by using BPW91 functional. The crucial step in the reaction is the Rh‐catalyzed nitrene transfer to the double bond of the glycal. We found that the reaction could proceed in a stepwise manner, whereby the N atom initially induced a single‐bond formation with C1 on the triplet surface or in a single step through intersystem crossing (ISC) of the triplet excited state of the rhodium–nitrene transition state to the singlet ground state of the aziridine complexes. The relative reactivity for the conversion of the nitrene species to the aziridine obtained from the computed potential energy surface (PES) agrees well with the reaction time gained from experimental observation. The aziridine ring opening is a spontaneous process because the energy barrier for the formation of the transition state is very small and disappears in the solution calculations. The regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the reaction product is controlled by the electronic property of the anomeric carbon as well as the facial preference for the nitrene insertion, and the nucleophilic addition.     

Stability Improvement of Prussian Blue by a Protective Cellulose Acetate Membrane for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing in Neutral Media

The cellulose acetate covered Prussian blue modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/PB/CA) was fabricated as a novel hydrogen peroxide sensor. It was shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) that Prussian blue was covered and protected by cellulose acetate perfectly. The modified electrode showed a good electrocatalytic activity for H₂O₂ reduction in neutral aqueous solution. H₂O₂ was detected amperometrically in 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer solutions (pH 7.0, containing 0.1 mol/L KCl as supporting electrolyte) at an applied potential of ?0.2 V (vs. SCE). The response current was proportional to the concentration of H₂O₂ in the range of 1.0×10^?5 mol/L to 2.5×10^?4 mol/L with the detection limit of 2.2×10^?6 mol/L at a signal to noise ratio 3.     

Five New C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanum

Five new C₁₉‐diterpenoid alkaloids, named hemsleyaconitines A–E ( 1 – 5 , resp.), were isolated from Aconitum hemsleyanum Pritz. By UV, IR, MS, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses, their structures were elucidated as 18‐dehydroxygeniculatine D ( 1 ), 6‐hydroxy‐14‐O‐veratroylneoline ( 2 ), 14‐O‐acetyl‐8‐ethoxysachaconitine ( 3 ), 18‐veratroylkaracoline ( 4 ) and 8‐O‐ethylaustroconitine B ( 5 ).