遗传算法结合正则化方法反演海洋大气波导

针对正则化方法在解决实际反演问题时既能克服问题的不适定性又可以很大程度上抑制噪声和误差的传播, 本文提出了利用遗传算法结合正则化方法的新算法, 在遗传算法适应度函数中引入正则化项来反演波导参数; 然后对算法进行仿真试验, 结果表明新算法与传统遗传算法相比具有较高的反演精度, 并指出当噪声误差小于10%时, 算法具有较强的“去噪”性能; 最后利用机载雷达在Wallops岛探测的海表面处局部回波资料进行反演试验, 将反演结果与实测大气折射率廓线进行比较, 说明该算法的有效性. 新方法为海洋大气波导反演研究提供了一种新思路.     

Gd基非晶与Gd纳米晶复合结构的磁制冷效应

通过调控冷却速率和成分配比, 制备出了Gd基非晶与Gd纳米晶的复合材料. 采用X射线衍射、热分析、原子力和磁力显微镜对其微结构进行表征, 从多个角度证实了非晶/纳米晶的复合结构. 磁性测试结果表明: 内生的纳米晶颗粒能有效改善非晶基体的磁熵效应, 相对于Gd基块体纯非晶和Gd单质, 复合体系的磁制冷效率大幅提高达到了10³ J. kg^-1; 磁熵变化峰Δ S _m的半高宽超过纯Gd的5倍; 最大磁熵变区出现平台区,但Δ S _m峰值有待于进一步提高. 理论分析表明, 复合结构中超顺磁纳米团簇的形成有效提高了磁制冷温区和效率. 结合磁滞小和电阻大等优点, Gd基非晶/Gd纳米晶复合材料具有一定的发展潜力.     

Efficient continuous-wave eye-safe region signal output from intra-cavity singly resonant optical parametric oscillator

We report an efficient continuous-wave (CW) tunable intra-cavity singly resonant optical parametric oscillator based on the multi-period periodically poled lithium niobate and using a laser diode (LD) end-pumped CW 1064 nm Nd:YVO₄ laser as the pump source. A highly efficiency CW operation is realized through a careful cavity design for mode matching and thermal stability. The signal tuning range is 1401-1500 nm obtained by varying the domain period. The maximum output power of 2.2 W at 1500 nm is obtained with a 17.1 W 808 nm LD power and the corresponding conversion efficiency is 12.9%.     

Canonical form of a nonlinear monetary system

This paper addresses an autonomous system of quadratic ordinary differential equations, which describes a monetary system involving interest rate, investment demand and price index. The canonical form of this system is derived, which is dependent on a single parameter. On this basis, it is proved that this system is not smoothly equivalent to the generalized Lorenz canonical form.     

Structural, elastic, and electronic properties of orthorhombic NH3BH3: An ab initio study

At the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), the elastic constants of the orthorhombic phase of NH₃BH₃ were calculated with plane-wave pseudo-potential method. Our calculation showed that the orthorhombic phase NH₃BH₃ is a loose and brittle material, as well as hard to be deformed, also we calculated the elastic anisotropies and the Debye temperatures from the elastic constants. And from the band structure and density of state (DOS), we concluded that NH₃BH₃ is a wide-gap semiconductor and the band gap is almost 6.0 eV. The bonds between N atoms and H atoms show a strong covalent characteristic, B atoms and H atoms form ironic bonds, and so as to the B-N bonds. Electrons from the B atoms are absorbed by the H atoms around the B atoms, and the H atoms display electronegativity.     

Irreversibility of a quantum walk induced by controllable decoherence employing random unitary operations

Quantum walk is different from random walk in reversibility and interference. Observation of the reduced re- versibility in a realistic quantum walk is of scientific interest in understanding the unique quantum behavior. We propose an idea to experimentally investigate the decoherence-induced irreversibility of quantum walks with trapped ions in phase space via the average fidelity decay. By introducing two controllable decoherence sources, i.e., the phase damping channel (i.e., dephasing) and the high temperature amplitude reservoir (i.e., dissipation), in the intervals between the steps of quantum walk, we find that the high temperature amplitude reservoir shows more detrimental effects than the phase damping channel on quantum walks. Our study also shows that the average fidelity decay works better than the position variance for characterizing the transition from quantum walks to random walk. Experimental feasibility to monitor the irreversibility is justified using currently available techniques.     

Characteristics of synchronized traffic in mixed traffic flow

In this paper, the characteristics of synchronized traffic in mixed traffic flow are investigated based on the braking light model. By introducing the energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles, the effects of the maximum velocity, the mixing ratio, and the length of vehicles on the synchronized flow are discussed. It is found that the maximum velocity plays a great role in the synchronized flow in mixed traffic. The energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles in the synchronized flow region are greatly different from those in free flow and a traffic jamming region. When all of vehicles have the same maximum velocity with V max > 15, the mixed traffic significantly displays synchronized flow, which has been demonstrated by the relation between flow rate and occupancy and estimation of the cross-correlation function. Moreover, the energy dissipation in the synchronized flow region does not increase with occupancy. The distribution of slowdown vehicles shows a changeless platform in the synchronized flow region. This is an interesting phenomenon. It helps to deeply understand the synchronized flow and greatly reduce the energy dissipation of traffic flow.     

Learning effect and deteriorating jobs in the single machine scheduling problems

This paper studies the single machine scheduling problems with learning effect and deteriorating jobs simultaneously. In this model, the processing times of jobs are defined as functions of their starting times and positions in a sequence. It is shown that even with the introduction of learning effect and deteriorating jobs to job processing times, the makespan, the total completion time and the sum of the k$k$th power of completion times minimization problems remain polynomially solvable, respectively. But for the following objective functions: the total weighted completion time and the maximum lateness, this paper proves that the shortest weighted processing time first (WSPT) rule and the earliest due-date first (EDD) rule can construct the optimal sequence under some special cases, respectively.     

Defect properties of CuCrO2: A density functional theory calculation

Using the first-principles methods,we study the formation energetics properties of intrinsic defects,and the charge doping properties of extrinsic defects in transparent conducting oxides CuCrO2.Intrinsic defects,some typical acceptortype,and donor-type extrinsic defects in their relevant charge state are considered.By systematically calculating the formation energies and transition energy,the results of calculation show that,V Cu,O i,and O Cu are the relevant intrinsic defects in CuCrO2 ;among these intrinsic defects,V Cu is the most efficient acceptor in CuCrO2.It is found that all the donor-type extrinsic defects have difficulty in inducing n-conductivity in CuCrO2 because of their deep transition energy level.For all the acceptor-type extrinsic defects,substituting Mg for Cr is the most prominent doping acceptor with relative shallow transition energy levels in CuCrO2.Our calculation results are expected to be a guide for preparing promising n-type and p-type materials in CuCrO2.     

Tunable Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 film bulk acoustic resonators using SiO2/Mo Bragg reflectors

Tunable and switchable Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 film bulk acoustic resonators（FBARs） based on SiO 2 /Mo Bragg reflectors are explored,which can withstand high temperature for the deposition of Ba x Sr 1 x TiO 3（BST） films at 800 C.The dc bias-dependent resonance may be attributed to the piezoelectricity of the BST film induced by an electrostrictive effect.The series resonant frequency is strongly dc bias-dependent and shifts downwards with dc bias increasing,while the parallel resonant frequency is only weakly dc bias-dependent and slightly shifts upwards at low dc bias（ 45 V） while downwards at higher dc bias.The calculated relative tunability of shifts at series resonance frequency is around 2.3% and the electromechanical coupling coefficient is up to approximately 8.09% at 60-V dc bias,which can be comparable to AlN FBARs.This suggests that a high-quality tunable BST FBAR device can be achieved through the use of molybdenum（Mo） as the high acoustic impedance layer in a Bragg reflector,which not only provides excellent acoustic isolation from the substrate,but also improves the crystallinity of BST films withstanding higher deposition temperature.