3D Printing of Silk Protein Structures by Aqueous Solvent‐Directed Molecular Assembly

Hierarchical molecular assembly is a fundamental strategy for manufacturing protein structures in nature. However, to translate this natural strategy into advanced digital manufacturing like three‐dimensional (3D) printing remains a technical challenge. This work presents a 3D printing technique with silk fibroin to address this challenge, by rationally designing an aqueous salt bath capable of directing the hierarchical assembly of the protein molecules. This technique, conducted under aqueous and ambient conditions, results in 3D proteinaceous architectures characterized by intrinsic biocompatibility/biodegradability and robust mechanical features. The versatility of this method is shown in a diversity of 3D shapes and a range of functional components integrated into the 3D prints. The manufacturing capability is exemplified by the single‐step construction of perfusable microfluidic chips which eliminates the use of supporting or sacrificial materials. The 3D shaping capability of the protein material can benefit a multitude of biomedical devices, from drug delivery to surgical implants to tissue scaffolds. This work also provides insights into the recapitulation of solvent‐directed hierarchical molecular assembly for artificial manufacturing.     

Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of [2,3]‐Fused Indoline Heterocycles through Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Aza‐Diels–Alder Reaction of Indoles with Azoalkenes

An unprecedented catalytic asymmetric inverse‐electron‐demand aza‐Diels–Alder reaction of indoles with in situ formed azoalkenes is reported. A diverse set of [2,3]‐fused indoline heterocycles were achieved in generally good yields (up to 97 %) with high regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity (>20:1 d.r.), and with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee).     

Targeted Functionalization of Porous Materials for Separation of Alcohol/Water Mixtures by Modular Assembly

Three isoreticular hydrogen‐bonded frameworks with functionalized pore structures were constructed by a modular self‐assembly process in which a series of amino acids with various substituents serve as facile exchange subassemblies to decorate the pore wall. The ordered amino acid side‐chain groups in the pore channels play an important role in determining the adsorption behavior of the framework materials, and ensure exclusive adsorption of methanol/water over ethanol. Gas‐chromatographic separation experiments demonstrated that alcohols can be efficiently separated from ternary water/methanol/ethanol mixtures and revealed a key influence of the adsorbate–host framework interaction on the practical separation performance of mixtures.     

Stabilization of Human Telomeric G‐Quadruplex and Inhibition of Telomerase Activity by Propeller‐Shaped Trinuclear PtII Complexes

Two novel propeller‐shaped, trigeminal‐ligand‐containing, flexible trinuclear Pt^II complexes, {[Pt(dien)]₃(ptp)}(NO₃)₆ ( 1 ) and {[Pt(dpa)]₃(ptp)}(NO₃)₆ ( 2 ) (dien: diethylenetriamine; dpa: bis‐(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine; ptp: 6′‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐3,2′:4′,3′′‐terpyridine), have been designed and synthesized, and their interactions with G‐quadruplex (G4) sequences are characterized. A combination of biophysical and biochemical assays reveals that both Pt^II complexes exhibit higher affinity for human telomeric (hTel) and c‐myc promoter G4 sequences than duplex DNA. Complex 1 binds and stabilizes hTel G4 sequence more effectively than complex 2 . Both complexes are found to induce and stabilize either antiparallel or parallel conformation of G4 structures. Molecular docking studies indicate that complex 1 binds into the large groove of the antiparallel hTel G4 structure (PDB ID: 143D) and complex 2 stacks onto the exposed G‐quartet of the parallel hTel G4 structure (PDB ID: 1KF1). Telomeric repeat amplification protocol assays demonstrate that both complexes are good telomerase inhibitors, with IC₅₀ values of (16.0±0.4) μM and (4.20±0.25) μM for 1 and 2 , respectively. Collectively, the results suggest that these propeller‐shaped flexible trinuclear Pt^II complexes are effective and selective G4 binders and good telomerase inhibitors. This work provides valuable information for the interaction between multinuclear metal complexes with G4 DNA.     

基于Internet的远程电脑测配色系统

研发了一种基于Internet的远程电脑测配色系统。它能够实现远程测色和配色,具有多种配色模型,能够对来自不同行业的光谱数据以及光谱图像进行处理和分析。介绍了配色系统的部分设计。采用B/S和C/S相结合的构架实现了配色用户和配色服务商在互联网上的远程互动。介绍了有关的配色算法和远程配色系统的搭建过程以及相关程序编写方案。     

咔唑类化合物的光致发光特性

聚二氯磷腈（PDCP）与N-（6-羟基己基）咔唑发生亲核取代,得到了热稳定性良好（约290 ℃）、玻璃化温度较低（约36 ℃）的光电导材料聚双（6-咔唑基己氧基）磷腈。稳态荧光光谱表明,N-（6-羟基己基）咔唑和聚双（6-咔唑基己氧基）磷腈的荧光发射最大波长分别在410 nm和393 nm,其荧光强度相比于咔唑的最大波长420 nm依次减弱并发生蓝移;瞬态荧光光谱表明聚磷腈的线型主链结构和孤立的d-p杂化轨道体系导致其空间位阻增大,破坏了原有的共轭体系,使聚双（6-咔唑基己氧基）磷腈在不同发射波长下的荧光寿命普遍减小。     

基于真实临界事故的CAACS程序验证

核临界安全是核工业发展过程中最重要的安全问题之一,其中对临界事故的评价和分析是临界事故后屏蔽设计、应急计划等的基础,因此具有重要的研究意义和工程价值。CAACS是自主开发的溶液系统临界事故分析程序,可计算临界事故的裂变次数、裂变功率、温度随时间变化等。在临界基准实验验证的基础上,利用CAACS对2个真实的临界事故进行分析和计算,并与事故估计值进行对比,结果表明,CAACS的计算结果与事故估计值符合较好,可为后处理厂的工程设计提供临界事故分析的技术手段,为后续的临界瞬态研究打下基础。     

减小电子涨落的指向概率虚拟源方法

为了减小X射线辐射照相蒙特卡罗模拟中成像平面上电子结果的涨落,尝试了一种新指向概率虚拟源方法。该方法利用指向概率法产生成像平面电子的主要来源虚拟X射线源,不仅在一次历史中增加了模拟电子的概率,而且使一次模拟对更多的记录点有贡献。使用指向概率虚拟源方法模拟结果表明：在X射线辐射照相中,指向概率虚拟源方法有效地减小了电子贡献的涨落,改善了模拟结果,提高了MCNP模拟X射线辐射照相过程的能力。     

多孔PMP聚合物薄膜微结构控制

将二氧化硅（SiO2）微球为模板材料分散在聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯（PMP）溶液中,通过对流自组装方法将其涂覆于基片上,经过热致相分离（TIPS）过程形成含SiO2微球模板的PMP薄膜,然后通过氢氟酸（HF）溶液腐蚀除去SiO2微球,获得了具有规则多孔结构的PMP聚合物薄膜。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对含SiO2微球的PMP薄膜以及除去SiO2微球后的PMP多孔薄膜的微结构进行了表征。研究结果表明:SiO2微球在聚合物中呈有序排列,腐蚀除去SiO2微球后PMP薄膜有效复制了SiO2微球形成的有序结构,形成了有序多孔PMP薄膜。