全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13313篇 |
免费 | 1002篇 |
国内免费 | 449篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 6276篇 |
晶体学 | 268篇 |
力学 | 1003篇 |
综合类 | 56篇 |
数学 | 1492篇 |
物理学 | 5669篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 131篇 |
2022年 | 277篇 |
2021年 | 284篇 |
2020年 | 290篇 |
2019年 | 293篇 |
2018年 | 312篇 |
2017年 | 238篇 |
2016年 | 388篇 |
2015年 | 352篇 |
2014年 | 504篇 |
2013年 | 754篇 |
2012年 | 951篇 |
2011年 | 1019篇 |
2010年 | 804篇 |
2009年 | 731篇 |
2008年 | 789篇 |
2007年 | 722篇 |
2006年 | 702篇 |
2005年 | 525篇 |
2004年 | 454篇 |
2003年 | 392篇 |
2002年 | 332篇 |
2001年 | 537篇 |
2000年 | 440篇 |
1999年 | 353篇 |
1998年 | 254篇 |
1997年 | 245篇 |
1996年 | 231篇 |
1995年 | 191篇 |
1994年 | 165篇 |
1993年 | 127篇 |
1992年 | 119篇 |
1991年 | 125篇 |
1990年 | 105篇 |
1989年 | 79篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 41篇 |
1986年 | 45篇 |
1985年 | 47篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 34篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
101.
Iron oxide catalyst with spinel structure used for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene is one kind of important catalyst in petrochemical industry. In this work several series of industrial catalyst were prepared with different components and different manufacturing processes. Mössbauer Spectroscopy has been used to determine the optimal components and the better manufacturing process for spinel structure formation. The results may prove useful for producing the industrial dehydrogenation catalyst with better catalytic property. 相似文献
102.
Organically modified solid-state silicates (ORMOSILS) doped with a new laser dye 1,3,5,7,8-pentamethylpyrromethene-2,6-disulfonate-BF2 complex (pyrromethene 556) have been synthesized by a sol-gel method and the compositional effects on pore characteristics, fluorescence and lasing properties have been investigated. It is found that the use of dimethylsulfoxide and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane could greatly change the structure properties of sol-gel derived ORMOSILS cage, and thus the fluorescence and lasing properties of the materials could improve significantly. A successful laser oscillation from this dye-doped ORMOSILS sample has been achieved upon pumping with a Q-switched frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. A slope efficiency of 54% with a useful lifetime greater than 10,000 shots has been demonstrated at a pump repetition rate of 1 Hz and a pump intensity of 1 J/cm2 by using the new ORMOSILS cage on our newly designed laser system. Our results have shown that it is possible to obtain a high-efficiency with a long-lifetime for a compact new laser device by low cost dye-doped solid-state ORMOSILS. 相似文献
103.
灰色Verhulst模型的样条插值函数的残差修正 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本用样条函数对灰色Verhulst模型的残差序列进行插值拟合,然后作用于二阶线性微分方程,并以此修正原模型,得到一种新的预测模型的数值解,提高了拟合的精确度。 相似文献
104.
近年来相继从菊花螺属(Siphonaria)海洋软体动物中分离出一系列聚丙酸酯(Polypropi-onate)类化合物.这类化合物在自然界罕见,被认为是菊花螺属软体动物的典型代谢产物.本文实验所用的菊花螺采自福建省湄洲湾莲城半岛.该动物味很苦,有清凉解毒之功. 相似文献
105.
In this paper, according to the molecular fragment principle, a series of eight ternary luminescent lanthanide complex systems were assembled, and whose compositions were determined with elemental analysis and infrared spectrum: Ln(MA)3(L)·H2O, where Ln = Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy; HMA = α‐methylacrylic acid; L = 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen), 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy). The photophysical properties of these functional molecular systems were studied with ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectrum, and fluorescence excitation and emission spectrum. It was found that the heterocylic compounds (phen and bipy) act as the main energy donor and luminescence sensitizer for their suitable energy match and effective energy transfer to the emission energy level of Ln3+ ions. MMA ligand was only used as the terminal structural ligand to influence the luminescence. Especially terbium complex systems show the strongest luminescence for the optimum energy match and transfer between phen (bipy) and Tb3+ ion. 相似文献
106.
Invex-convexlike functions and duality 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
P. Q. Khanh 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1995,87(1):141-165
We define a class of invex-convexlike functions, which contains all convex, pseudoconvex, invex, and convexlike functions, and prove that the Kuhn-Tucker sufficient optimality condition and the Wolfe duality hold for problems involving such functions. Applications in control theory are given.The author is grateful to Professor W. Stadler and the referees for many valuable remarks and suggestions, which have enabled him to improve considerably the paper. 相似文献
107.
We introduce the concept of partially strictly monotone functions and apply it to construct a class of nonlinear penalty functions for a constrained optimization problem. This class of nonlinear penalty functions includes some (nonlinear) penalty functions currently used in the literature as special cases. Assuming that the perturbation function is lower semi-continuous, we prove that the sequence of optimal values of nonlinear penalty problems converges to that of the original constrained optimization problem. First-order and second-order necessary optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems are derived by converting the optimality of penalty problems into that of a smooth constrained vector optimization problem. This approach allows for a concise derivation of optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems. Finally, we prove that each limit point of the second-order stationary points of the nonlinear penalty problems is a second-order stationary point of the original constrained optimization problem. 相似文献
108.
This paper presents the applications of digital image correlation technique to the mesoscopic damage and fracture study of
some granular based composite materials including steelfiber reinforced concrete, sandstone and crystal-polymer composite.
The deformation fields of the composite materials resulted from stress localization were obtained by the correlation computation
of the surface images with loading steps and thus the related damage prediction and fracture parameters were evaluated. The
correlation searching could be performed either directly based on the gray levels of the digital images or from the wavelet
transform (WT) coefficients of the transform spectrum. The latter was developed by the authors and showed higher resolution
and sensitivity to the singularity detection. Because the displacement components came from the rough surfaces of the composite
materials without any coats of gratings or fringes of optical interferometry, both surface profiles and the deformation fields
of the composites were visualized which was helpful to compare each other to analyze the damage of those heterogeneous materials.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10125211 and 10072002), the Scientific Committee
of Yunnan Province for the Program of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete, and the Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP at Mianyang 相似文献
109.
Cory J. Hill Baohua Yang Rui Q. Yang 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2004,20(3-4):486
Mid-IR type-II interband cascade lasers were demonstrated in pulsed mode at temperatures up to 325 K and in continuous mode up to 200 K. At 80 K, the threshold current density was 8.9 A/cm2 and a continuous wave output power of 140 mW/facet was obtained. 相似文献
110.
C.Q. Ru 《International Journal of Non》2003,38(4):521-530
This paper gives an asymptotic analysis of the deformation field near the tip of an arbitrary mixed-mode crack in a compressible hyperelastic harmonic material which loses ellipticity at sufficiently large deformations. It is found that the near-tip deformation field is characterized by a localized non-elliptic deformation band issuing from the crack-tip and bounded by two curves of discontinuous deformation gradient. Explicit expression for the near-tip deformation field is obtained both inside and outside the localized deformation band. In particular, a simple relation is derived that determines the orientation of the deformation band in terms of two complex governing parameters of the near-tip fields inside and outside the deformation band, respectively. 相似文献