多种气相色谱联用技术分析陕西刺五加茎挥发油的化学成分

采用气相色谱/四极杆质谱(GC/qMS)、气相色谱/正交加速飞行时间质谱(GC/oaTOFMS)和气相色谱/傅里叶变换红外光谱(GC/FTIR)联用技术,对一种陕西产刺五加Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms茎挥发油的化学成分进行了分析。基于GC/qMS谱库的检索功能,结合GC/FTIR在结构鉴别上的优势和GC/oaTOFMS对质谱碎片离子精确的质量测定功能,成功地实现了对68个色谱组分的定性分析。与使用单一的联用技术(例如GC/qMS)相比,利用多种色谱联用技术在定性分析上的互补性,可以明显提高对组成复杂的挥发油类样品分析的可靠性。     

黄芪中黄酮类组分的高效液相色谱分离条件的快速优化

以黄芪为研究对象,对黄芪中乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分进行了高效液相色谱分析并对其色谱操作条件进行了快速优化。根据几个线性梯度下的保留时间来计算各组分的保留参数,然后利用重叠分辨图法确定其最佳分析条件。在选定的最佳条件下各组分分离情况良好。利用梯度保留时间计算保留参数比较方便快速,并可以有效地避免以往等度线性回归法遇到的峰识别问题。该方法更适用于实际复杂样品色谱分析条件的优化。     

高分辨气相色谱/质谱法分析新闻纸和复印纸中的二恶英

随机选择空白的和经过印刷的新闻纸和复印纸,粉碎后用溶剂提取并经多步色谱柱纯化,采用同位素稀释、高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱(HRGC/HRMS)联用技术分析了其中的二含量。结果表明:新闻纸中二的总量高于复印纸,但是毒性当量却低于复印纸;经过印刷的新闻纸和复印纸中二的含量均高于空白的新闻纸和复印纸;新闻纸和复印纸中相同二异构体的含量 是不同的。空白的和经过印刷的新闻纸中二毒性当量分别为0.48 ng/kg和0.61 ng/kg,而空白的和经过印刷的复印纸中二恶英毒性当量分别为0.74 ng/kg和0.79     

反相高效液相色谱法测定山楂中的有机酸

采用Hypersil ODS2(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=2.6)为流动相,流速0.8 mL/m in,检测波长210 nm,建立了山楂中柠檬酸、苹果酸等有机酸的高效液相色谱分析方法。其中柠檬酸和苹果酸的线性范围分别为0.50~50.04μg、0.10~10.00μg;3个浓度水平的回收率分别为95.5%~96.6%、100.2%~103.7%,RSD分别为0.11%~0.38%、0.41%~2.53%;检出限分别为0.04μg、0.03μg(S/N=3)。测定了5种不同产地山楂果肉及山楂核中的柠檬酸、苹果酸的含量。所建立的方法快速、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于山楂中有机酸的测定。     

Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage

Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. By using a dramatic “OFF–ON” change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. Importantly, different “OFF–ON” ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2–3 and α2–6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). Analyses revealed an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2–6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2–3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld.

A glycan-responsive polymer-modified nanochannels system enables the precise discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers via the different “OFF–ON” changes resulting from a “tug-of-war” between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage.     

Transition-metal-free: a highly efficient catalytic aerobic alcohol oxidation process

A highly efficient catalytic system without transition metals has been developed for aerobic alcohol oxidations. Under the optimal reaction conditions, various alcohol substrates were converted into their corresponding carbonyl compounds by air with TEMPO/Br2/NaNO2 as catalyst, especially the oxidation of benzylic alcohols to benzaldehydes in high yields.     

Characterization of Molecular Interactions by Inverse Liquid Chromatographic Method

Inverse chromatography (IC) has been widely applied to characterize surface, interface, and bulk characteristics of technologically important materials. Probe molecules with known properties are injected into an isothermal chromatographic system with the material of interest as     

Highly efficient catalytic aerobic oxidations of benzylic alcohols in water

A highly efficient catalytic system without transition metals in water has been developed for aerobic oxidations of benzylic alcohols. The newly developed catalyst system could oxidize benzylic alcohols and heteroaromatic analogues with 1 mol % TEMPO as a catalyst and with a catalytic amount of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and NaNO2 as cocatalysts. Under the optimal conditions, various alcohols could be converted into their corresponding aldehydes or ketones in high yields.