基于荧光光谱和径向基函数神经网络的合成食品色素测定和鉴别

以合成食品色素胭脂红、苋菜红溶液为例,提出了应用荧光光谱结合径向基函数神经网络对合成食品色素溶液进行浓度测定和种类鉴别的方法。应用SP-2558多功能光谱测量系统,测得胭脂红和苋菜红溶液分别在波长为300和400 nm的光激发下产生的荧光光谱。对每个胭脂红溶液样本选取15个发射波长值所对应的荧光强度作为网络特征参数,训练、建立用于浓度预测的径向基函数神经网络。据此,对3种胭脂红溶液样本的浓度进行预测,预测结果相对误差分别为1.42%,1.44%和3.93%。另外,以胭脂红和苋菜红溶液荧光波长值所对应的荧光强度作为特征参数,训练、建立了用于种类鉴别的径向基函数神经网络,进行合成食品色素溶液种类识别,准确率达100%。这些结果表明,该方法方便、快捷、准确度较高,可应用于合成食品色素检测及食品安全监管。     

中高端苏酒的紫外荧光特性对比研究

针对苏酒中最具代表性的国缘系列和洋河蓝色经典系列两种中高端白酒进行研究,得出三维荧光光谱图,并对两种白酒的各自独有的荧光特征加以分析。发现国缘白酒在280～400 nm激发波长范围内具有明显的荧光特征,包含一个主要的荧光峰;洋河蓝色经典白酒在200～450 nm激发波长范围内包含5个明显的荧光峰。两个系列白酒在激发波长310～350 nm内具有明显的荧光特征,此范围内的有机化合物为主要的呈香呈味物质,对苏酒的口感香型起决定性作用。该研究成果对改善苏酒勾兑工艺,提高苏酒品质提供了科学的参考依据和量化标准。     

短脉冲强激光打靶产生的质子角分布实验研究

 采用短脉冲强激光辐照固体双层薄靶的方式对质子束的产生及质子束角分布开展了实验研究。在SILEX-Ⅰ短脉冲激光装置上利用脉宽为30 fs的强激光辐照背面镀有CH膜的金膜靶,在距离靶背3.3 cm处采用CR39记录靶背出射的质子角分布。通过分析靶背出射质子的角分布,研究了激光功率密度和对比度对质子加速机制的影响。研究结果表明:占主导地位的质子产生和加速机制对激光预脉冲比较敏感。激光预脉冲较弱时,靶背壳电场加速机制占主导地位;当激光预脉冲较强时,靶前加速机制占主导地位。此外,还对导致质子环形分布的磁场大小进行了估算。     

射频溅射功率对ZnO透明导电薄膜光电性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术在不同溅射功率下制备了ZnO薄膜.研究了薄膜的沉积速率、光电特性以及不同功率条件下制备的ZnO薄膜对HIT电池开路电压的影响.结果表明:在溅射功率为200 W时制备的薄膜,具有良好的导电性和光透过性;将其应用到HIT电池中,得到的开路电压最高.该研究对提高HIT电池性能具有一定的参考意义.     

次灵敏线火焰原子吸收光谱法测定镍镁合金中镁

以镁的202.5nm次灵敏线为分析线,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定镍镁合金中的镁含量。样品以硝酸(1+1)溶解,采用氯化锶为释放剂,以消除共存元素的干扰。在优化的实验条件下,方法的相对标准偏差小于3%,样品加标回收率为95.0%～105.5%。结果表明采用镁的次灵敏线测定镍镁合金中的镁含量,其精密度和准确度均能达到分析要求,可满足日常检测的需求。     

Spin-dependent transport induced by magnetization in zigzag graphene nanoribbons coupled to one-dimensional leads

We study spin transport in a zigzag graphene nanoribbon sample with two ferromagnetic strips deposited on the two sides of the ribbon. A tight-binding Hamiltonian was adopted to describe the sample connected to two one-dimensional leads. Our theoretical study shows that the resonance peaks of conductance for the spin-up and spin-down electrons are separated for the parallel configuration of the ferromagnetic strips, while they are not separated for the case of antiparallel configuration. This means that giant magnetoresistance can be produced at particular energies by altering the configurations of the ferromagnetic strips, and the device can be designed as a spin filter.     

Phenoxyaromatic Acid Analogues as Novel Radiotherapy Sensitizers: Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

Radiotherapy is a vital approach for brain tumor treatment. The standard treatment for glioblastoma (GB) is maximal surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the non-sensitivity of tumor cells in the hypoxic area of solid tumors to radiotherapy may cause radioresistance. Therefore, radiotherapy sensitizers that increase the oxygen concentration within the tumor are promising for increasing the effectiveness of radiation. Inspired by hemoglobin allosteric oxygen release regulators, a series of novel phenoxyacetic acid analogues were designed and synthesized. A numerical method was applied to determine the activity and safety of newly synthesized compounds. In vitro studies on the evaluation of red blood cells revealed that compounds 19c (∆P₅₀ = 45.50 mmHg) and 19t (∆P₅₀ = 44.38 mmHg) improve the oxygen-releasing property effectively compared to positive control efaproxiral (∆P₅₀ = 36.40 mmHg). Preliminary safety evaluation revealed that 19c exhibited no cytotoxicity towards HEK293 and U87MG cells, while 19t was cytotoxic toward both cells with no selectivity. An in vivo activity assay confirmed that 19c exhibited a radiosensitization effect on orthotopically transplanted GB in mouse brains. Moreover, a pharmacokinetic study in rats showed that 19c was orally available.     

The effect of specific adsorption of halide ions on electrochemical CO2 reduction

In the electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR), halide ions could impose a significant effect on multi-carbon (C₂₊) product production for Cu-based catalysts by a combined contribution from various mechanisms. However, the nature of specific adsorption of halide ions remains elusive due to the difficulty in decoupling different effects. This paper describes a facile method to actively immobilize the morphology of Cu-based catalysts during the CO₂RR, which makes it possible to reveal the fundamental mechanism of specific adsorption of halide ions. A stable morphology is obtained by pre-reduction in aqueous KX (X = Cl, Br, I) electrolytes followed by conducting the CO₂RR using non-buffered and non-specifically adsorbed K₂SO₄ as the supporting electrolyte, by which the change of local pH and cation concentration is also maintained during the CO₂RR. In situ spectroscopy revealed that the specific adsorption of halide ions enhances the adsorption of *CO intermediates, which enables a high selectivity of 84.5% for C₂₊ products in 1.0 M KI.

Reconstruction of catalyst morphology induced by halide ions over of Cu-based catalysts during CO₂ electroreduction is suppressed using K₂SO₄ as supporting electrolyte. Adsorption of halide ions is an enabling factor to enhance CO₂ electroreduction.     

黄酒的荧光光谱研究

黄酒有5000多年的悠久历史,是中国特色的酒类,被称为“国酒”,绍兴黄酒在中国黄酒中具有代表性。实验发现,绍兴加饭系列黄酒在适当的紫外波长激励下产生荧光光谱,文章运用三维等高线和二维荧光分析方法给出了整体和细部的比较分析。得出三种陈年黄酒在波长400～680 nm范围内存在较宽荧光峰的荧光光谱。3年陈、5年陈、8年陈酒的荧光峰分别在504, 488, 505 nm,最佳激发波长都在370 nm附近。初步阐述了其产生荧光的机理,解释了三种年份黄酒荧光图谱的相似与区别,并分析了产生较宽荧光峰的原因, 为黄酒的特征标识、品牌鉴定、年代鉴别、黄酒食用安全等研究提供了有科学意义的参考。     

洋河蓝色经典系列酒的三维荧光光谱研究

测定了当前市场上比较流行的洋河蓝色经典系列白酒梦之蓝, 天之蓝和海之蓝的吸收光谱及三维荧光光谱。吸收光谱表明,三种酒在212和275 nm有较强烈的吸收,但吸收强度不同;荧光光谱表明,在245 nm的近紫外光激发下,三种酒在310, 420和610 nm附近都有明显的荧光发射,但强度各自不同;当激发波长增大为310和345 nm时,依然有两个荧光峰产生,强度差别依然很大。对5个典型荧光峰的产生机理进行了分析,给出了合理的解释。研究结果可以快速准确地区分三种洋河酒及其品质,为白酒的品质检测和品牌识别提供了一种新的途径。