On System of Generalized Vector Quasi-equilibrium Problems with Set-valued Maps

In this paper, we introduce four new types of the system of generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problems with set-valued maps which include system of vector quasi-equilibrium problems, system of vector equilibrium problems, system of variational inequality problems, and vector equilibrium problems in the literature as special cases. We prove the existence of solutions for such kinds of system of generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problems. Consequently, we derive some existence results of a solution for the system of vector quasi-equilibrium problems and the generalized Debreu type equilibrium problem for vector-valued functions.     

A Refinement of the Discrete Wirtinger Inequality

In this paper, we obtain an improved discrete Wirtinger inequality associated with a nonlinear second order differential equation. We apply this result to prove a Bonnesen-style isoperimetric inequality for plane polygons and reinterpret the main theorem as a weighted exponential inequality.     

Density fluctuation of the ^3He reaction-diffusion model in nonextensive statistical mechanics

In this paper the time-space correlation of density fluctuation of the 3He reaction-diffusion model is investigated where the equilibrium distribution is described by the generalized Maxwell Boltzmann distribution in the framework of Tsallis statistics. By using the density operator technique, the nonextensive pressure effect is introduced into the master equation and thus the generalized master equation is derived for the nonextensive system. This paper uses the ^3He reaction diffusion model to analyse the effect of nonextensive pressure on the fluctuation and finds that the nonextensive parameter q plays a very important role in determining the characteristics of the fluctuation waves.[第一段]     

咪唑氟硼酸类离子液体熔点与分子内相互作用能的关系

运用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法及6-311++G(d,p)基组对11种咪唑氟硼酸离子液体进行了研究.选择相应化合物的离子体系{[XIM][BF4]n}(n-1)-(n=2,3)作为研究对象,即研究体系由一个烷基咪唑阳离子XIM+和2-3个BF4-阴离子构成,对其进行结构优化.在优化得到的最低能量构型的基础上计算了分子内阳离子与阴离子间的相互作用能,同时考虑了基组重叠误差的修正.结果表明所研究离子体系的离子间相互作用能与离子液体的实验熔点之间存在明确的线性关系,并且所得到的线性方程与氨基酸阳离子型离子液体中存在的线性关系相近.我们的工作为今后借助量子化学方法设计功能化离子液体提供了一定的理论基础.     

利用基于Gouy-Chapman模型的离子有效电荷定量表征离子特异性效应

离子特异性效应在固-液界面反应中是普遍存在的.近期研究指出,在较低电解质浓度的某些体系中,离子特异性效应可能并非来源于色散力、经典诱导力、离子半径或水合半径的大小等,而是界面附近强电场中的离子极化作用.这种作用可使界面附近的吸附态反号离子被强烈极化(高达经典极化的104倍).强烈极化的结果将导致离子在界面附近受到的库仑力远远超过离子电荷所能产生的库仑力,这体现在离子的有效电荷将远大于离子的实际电荷.因此胶体体系中基于这种强极化的离子有效电荷可以用来定量表征离子特异性效应的强度.本研究在蒙脱石-胡敏酸混合悬液凝聚过程中发现了Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cu2+四种离子的离子特异性效应,提出了基于激光散射技术测定离子有效电荷的方法,并成功获得了被强烈极化后的离子有效电荷数值.实验测得的Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cu2+四种离子的有效电荷值分别为:ZNa(effective)=1.46,ZK(effective)=1.86,ZCa(effective)=3.92,ZCu(effective)=6.48.该结果表明:(1)离子在强电场中的极化将大大提高离子的有效电荷,从而极大地增强离子所受的库仑作用力;(2)离子的电子层数越多,离子极化越强烈,离子的有效电荷增加越多.     

苏氨酸对甲苯磺酸盐及其酯化物的微波合成、表征及量化计算

以苏氨酸(Thr)和对甲苯磺酸(p-TsOH)为原料, 用一步法在微波反应仪中合成了离子液体苏氨酸对甲苯磺酸盐(Thr-TsOH), 并采用对甲苯磺酸法一步制得其甲酯和乙酯化合物ThrC1-TsOH和ThrC2-TsOH. 对合成的离子液体的理化性质进行了表征, 它们均具有较低的熔点(低于100 ℃), 但热稳定性相对较差. 结合量化计算理论方法初步探索了氨基酸酯化对熔点的影响. 采用DFT的B3LYP/6-311++G**方法对苏氨酸对甲苯磺酸及其甲酯、乙酯化合物3种分子进行构型优化及振动频率分析, 通过对分子中阴、阳离子间结合能的研究发现, 酯化不仅能减弱分子间氢键相互作用, 还能明显减弱分子内离子间相互作用, 从而降低体系的熔点.     

系列纳米结构锰氧化物的水热合成

以KMnO₄为锰源、抗坏血酸(AA)为还原剂,采用水热法制备系列纳米结构锰氧化物。通过调节反应物的物质的量的比、水溶液的pH值、反应温度和反应时间,制备出了不同纳米结构的锰氧化物,包括Mn₃O₄纳米粒子、MnOOH、α-MnO₂和β-MnO₂纳米棒。采用XRD和TEM测试技术对合成产物进行了表征,同时对其反应机理进行了探讨。     

A three-dimensional framework structure constructed from 2-(2-pyridyl-N-oxide) ethylphosphonic acid and Nd(III)

A multistep synthesis for 2-(2-pyridyl-N-oxide) ethylphosphonic acid 6-H2 is described along with its spectroscopic (IR, NMR) data and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure analysis. Combination of the ligand with Nd(OH)3 results in the formation of a complex Nd(6-H)3. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a three-dimensional crystal network generated by hydrogen-bonded chains along the crystallographic c axis. The hydrogen bonds are formed between phosphonic acid anion (6-H)(-1) protons on one chain and pyridyl N-oxide oxygen atoms in neighboring chains. The asymmetric unit contains 1/3[Nd(6-H)3] and there are two unique Nd(III) atoms, each with point symmetry. As a result, each Nd(III) ion is bound to six (6-H)(-1) ligands and the symmetry about the Nd(III) ion is octahedral with each vertex occupied by a phosphonate oxygen atom. The Nd-O bond lengths are essentially identical: Nd(1)-O(3), 2.336 (1) A; Nd(2)-O(4), 2.340 (1) A. The monoanionic ligand (6-H)(-1), therefore, serves to bridge the unique Nd(III) centers.     

W544F定点突变提高苏云金杆菌Cry1Ac蛋白的稳定性

W544是Cry1Ac蛋白上独特于其它Cry类蛋白的一个氨基酸, 它与F578和F604一起组成一个“螺旋桨状”的疏水簇, 通过疏水相互作用维持蛋白的三维结构稳定. 本研究通过定点突变将W544保守地替换为苯丙氨酸, SDS-PAGE分析结果表明其纯化的原毒素对紫外照射、胰蛋白酶处理和室温存贮的稳定性相对于野生Cry1Ac都有一定程度的提高; 经原子力显微镜观察, 发现W544F产生的晶体两个顶点间的垂直距离比野生型Cry1Ac约长0.6 μm, 且晶体表面不及野生型光滑; 此外, W544F与野生Cry1Ac的杀虫活性相似, 但经过紫外光照射9 h后, 其保留的杀虫活性比野生型高4倍以上. W544F突变较好地解决了Cry1Ac毒素蛋白田间应用不持久的问题, 具有重要的应用价值.