Quantum statistics of phonon radiations in optomechanical systems

We study the correlation statistics of phonon radiations in a weakly driven optomechanical system. Three dominated scattering processes are identified by the scattering theory analytically and the master equation numerically, whose interplay determines the phonon statistical properties. Our results show that for the large detuning, the driving field off-resonant with the system induces a small emission rate of two anti-bunched phonons. For the resonant driving field, there is a relatively large emission rate of two bunched phonons.     

HL-2M 主机抗扭转支撑结构计算分析

根据通电的环向场(TF)线圈在磁场作用下将产生侧向力和径向力,提出了抗扭转支撑结构方案。该方案能够降低这两种力对 TF 线圈的影响,并且保证线圈连接面的紧密接触和绝缘层不会发生相对错动。对抗扭转支撑结构进行计算分析,确定该结构的受力方式以及传力路径。结果表明,在实验运行以及极端工况下结构的应力、位移能够到达设计要求,通过疲劳计算得出抗扭转支撑结构能满足 20 年以上的实验运行,能够保证 HL-2M装置安全、平稳和可靠的运行。      

Research on a Rice Counting Algorithm Based on an Improved MCNN and a Density Map

The thousand grain weight is an index of size, fullness and quality in crop seed detection and is an important basis for field yield prediction. To detect the thousand grain weight of rice requires the accurate counting of rice. We collected a total of 5670 images of three different types of rice seeds with different qualities to construct a model. Considering the different shapes of different types of rice, this study used an adaptive Gaussian kernel to convolve with the rice coordinate function to obtain a more accurate density map, which was used as an important basis for determining the results of subsequent experiments. A Multi-Column Convolutional Neural Network was used to extract the features of different sizes of rice, and the features were fused by the fusion network to learn the mapping relationship from the original map features to the density map features. An advanced prior step was added to the original algorithm to estimate the density level of the image, which weakened the effect of the rice adhesion condition on the counting results. Extensive comparison experiments show that the proposed method is more accurate than the original MCNN algorithm.     

电气线路互联系统线缆抗高空核电磁脉冲耦合效应

高空核电磁脉冲（HEMP）对电子设备的耦合途径主要有两方面：一方面是通过装备（产品）上的天线耦合通道进入到电子系统内的“前门耦合”方式;另一方面则是“后门耦合”,即通过装备（产品）上的壳体、电源线、电缆、机箱的缝隙、孔洞等途径进行耦合。主要研究电气线路互联系统(EWIS)线缆抗高空核电磁脉冲耦合效应,通过研究HEMP干扰的特征、能量分布,搭建HEMP数学模型,采用控制变量法,改变EWIS线缆类型、离地高度等要素,通过在CST上建立仿真模型以及开展试验,分析HEMP对电子设备造成的影响程度,得到HEMP耦合效应的一般性结论与规律。     

基于红外光谱对野生冬虫夏草不同部位的识别

冬虫夏草作为著名的传统中药材,由于其良好的药用价值而备受青睐。目前多数工作集中研究其活性成分含量以及药理药效。而对其不同部位的识别研究较为匮乏。基于红外光谱数据,结合化学计量学对多维度复杂体系的解析优势对冬虫夏草不同部位进行分类识别。首先对野生冬虫夏草五个不同部位包括子座头、子座中、头部、虫体中段、虫体尾段总共808个光谱数据使用标准正态变换(SNV)、多元散射矫正(MSC)进行数据预处理。而后用竞争自适应再权重取样(CARS)、变量组合种群分析(VCPA)挑选具有代表意义的特征变量。最后使用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)、线性判别分析(LDA)进行建模预测分析。模型对训练集使用十倍交叉验证,以准确率(Acc)作为评价指标。结果表明,在该数据上PLS-DA模型在10倍交叉验证和独立测试集上的预测准确率分别是90.1%和92.0%,而使用LDA模型时,预测准确率分别降低到86.7%和85.8%。采用CARS和VCPA特征挑选方法可有效将特征从3 601维分别降到699和420维,同时保持预测准确率与全部特征的预测准确率相当。而挑选的特征波数630,625,1 024,1 028,1 084和1 089 cm-1与虫草的甘露醇相关,879和874 cm-1与虫草的多糖相关。通过对挑选的波数进行Wilcoxon rank-sum检验进一步表明虫草五个部位之间存在显著差异。研究表明化学计量学方法结合红外光谱能够有效识别冬虫夏草不同部位,有助于在分子层面上加深对冬虫夏草形成的认识,为针对虫草不同部位高效利用提供参考。     

基于IERT的非线性全光谱复杂水体定量分析算法研究

水是一种有限的资源,对农业、工业乃至人类的生存都是必不可少的,良好的水环境是可持续发展的重要保障。对水质信息的科学监测,是实现水资源优化配置与高效利用的基础。联合国环境署（UNEP）与世界卫生组织（WHO）指出,应当加强发展中国家的水质监测网络,包括数据质量的保证和分析能力的提高。光谱法作为一种新兴的水质分析方法,相比传统的化学水质监测方法,具有“响应速度快、多参数同步、绿色无污染”的特点。传统单波长、多波长的线性模型依赖于水体对特定波长的吸收特征,不适用于多组分混合溶液且普适性较差。因此,提出了一种基于IERT的非线性全光谱定量分析算法,建立适用于多组分混合溶液浓度预测模型,达到利用全光谱信息来预测浓度信息的目的。利用实验室配置的COD,BOD₅和TOC多组分混合溶液与NO₃-N、浊度、色度多组分混合溶液作为实验样本,使用光谱仪采集样本的光谱曲线,通过全光谱数据进行浓度预测实验,结果显示,对于COD,BOD₅和TOC多组分混合溶液,本算法对于三种组分的决定系数（R2）分别为0.999 3,0.991 4和0.999 3,均方根误差（RMSE）分别为0.024 4,0.057 7和0.000 4;对于NO₃-N、浊度、色度多组分混合溶液,决定系数（R2）分别为0.983 4,0.868 4和0.981 0,均方根误差（RMSE）分别为0.100 5,0.326 4和0.120 2。通过对比本算法与偏最小二乘（PLS）、支持向量机回归（SVR）、决策树（DT）、极端随机树（ERT）对于同一组数据的实验结果,表明：在两组多组分混合溶液的实验中,本算法对于其中各组分的决定系数（R2）均为最优,相比于其他对比算法均方根误差（RMSE）均有大幅减少。本算法可利用光谱信息对多组分混合溶液进行定量分析,在计算时间相当的情况下,可有效的提高浓度预测精度,减少定量分析的均方根误差,可为光谱法水质监测提供一种新的有效途径。     

Visual exploration of dependency graph in source code via embedding-based similarity

Journal of Visualization -  A large software system contains millions of lines of source code, and the development often involves many developers over a long period. How to understand and...     

Diode laser measurement of line strengths and air-broadening coefficients of CO2 and CO in the 1.57 μm region for combustion diagnostics

Spectral measurements of two line pairs of CO₂ and CO in the temperature range 300–1000 K at 1.573 µm were performed using a fiber-coupled distributed feedback (DFB) diode laser. The two line pairs can be used in a tunable diode laser (TDL) absorption sensor for simultaneously detecting CO₂ and CO gas in a single scan of the diode laser. The spectral parameters (line strengths, air-broadening coefficients and the temperature exponent n) of the two pairs are presented. The measured data agree well with existing databases (HITRAN 2004 and HITRAN 2008), the discrepancies being less than 5% for most of the probed transitions. Although the HITRAN database is a useful tool for sensor design, we found that laboratory measurements of the spectroscopic data for the line pair selected for high-temperature sensors are necessary for establishing the uncertainty for accurate measurements.     

Imbert–Fedorov shifts of a Gaussian beam reflected from uniaxially anisotropic chiral media

We study the Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflected Gaussian beam from uniaxially anisotropic chiral media (UACM), where the chirality appears only in one direction and the host medium is a uniaxial crystal or an electric plasma. The numerical results are presented for three kinds of UACM, respectively. It is found that the IF shifts are closely related to the propagation properties of the two eigenwaves in the UACM. In general, when either of the eigenwaves is totally reflected, the IF shifts can change abruptly near the critical angle. The cross-polarized reflection coefficient has a greater effect on the spatial IF (SIF) shift than on the angular IF (AIF) shift, and the sign of the AIF shift depends mainly on that of the difference between the co-polarized reflectivity. By designing artificially the electromagnetic parameters of the UACM, we can control the IF shifts and acquire their more abundant properties.     

Fluorination of Al2O3 blocking layer for improving the performance of metal‐oxide‐nitride‐oxide‐silicon flash memory

The characteristics of Al₂O₃ film grown by atomic‐layer deposition as blocking layer with and without fluorine plasma treatment were investigated based on a capacitor structure of Al/Al₂O₃/TaON/SiO₂/Si. The physical structure was studied by transmission electron microscopy, and the chemical composition of the blocking layer was analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Moreover, the surface roughness of the blocking layer was investigated by atomic force microscopy. Compared with a capacitor with Al₂O₃ blocking layer, the one with fluorinated Al₂O₃ displayed higher programming/erasing speeds, better endurance property and better charge retention characteristic because the fluorination could reduce excess oxygen and traps in the blocking layer, thus forming a larger barrier height at the interface between the charge‐trapping layer and the blocking layer. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)