Observation of upconversion fluorescence and stimulated emission based on three-photon absorption

The observations of three-photon-induced frequency-upconversion fluorescence and the highly directional stimulated visible emission in two dyes, 4-[p-(dicyanoethylamino) styryl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide (abbreviated as CEASP) and the complex of CEASP and Ce(NO₃) (abbreviated as CEASP-Ce), are reported. The photographs of the forward amplified spontaneous emissions spots, pumped by an optical parametric oscillator idler with a pulse width of 8 ns and a wavelength of 1.3 μ m, are shown. The upconversion fluorescence produced both in dimethyl formamide solution and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) polymer spans from green to red, with a cubic dependence on the pump light intensity. The experimental results imply that the existence of the lanthanide ion Ce^{3 +} sensitizes the nonlinear absorption and emission.     

Roles of γ-Fe2O3 in fly ash for mercury removal: Results of density functional theory study

First-principle calculations based on density function theory (DFT) are used to clarify the roles of γ-Fe₂O₃ in fly ash for removing mercury from coal-fired flue gases. In this study, the structure of key surface of γ-Fe₂O₃ is modeled and spin-polarized periodic boundary conditions with the partial relaxation of atom positions are employed. Binding energies of Hg on γ-Fe₂O₃ (0 0 1) perfect and defective surfaces are calculated for different adsorption sites and the potential adsorption sites are predicted. Additionally, electronic structure is examined to better understand the binding mechanism. It is found that mercury is preferably adsorbed on the bridge site of γ-Fe₂O₃ (0 0 1) perfect surface, with binding energy of −54.3 kJ/mol. The much stronger binding occurs at oxygen vacancy surface with binding energy of −134.6 kJ/mol. The calculations also show that the formation of hybridized orbital between Hg and Fe atom of γ-Fe₂O₃ (0 0 1) is responsible for the relatively strong interaction of mercury with the solid surface, which suggests that the presently described processes are all noncatalytic in nature. However, this is a reflection more of mercury's amalgamation ability.     

Ga掺杂对ZnO纳米结构可见光发射的抑制效应

采用碳热还原反应和原位掺杂的方法制备了不同Ga掺杂浓度的ZnO纳米结构. X射线衍射 显示掺杂纳米结构中为单一的氧化锌纤锌矿结构. 扫描电子显微镜 观测发现随掺杂浓度的增大, 纳米结构的形貌逐渐从纳米六棱柱变为纳米锥.光致发光 和X射线光电子能谱 测量分别发现随着掺杂浓度升高, 纳米结构的可见发光强度和其中空位 氧峰相对强度逐渐减小直至消失, 两者存在很强的相关性. 上述结果为ZnO可见光发射的氧空位机理提供了新的实验证据. 对Ga掺杂抑制纳米结构中氧空位的原因进行了分析.     

Fractional charges and fractional spins for composite fermions in quantum electrodynamics

By using the Faddeev-Senjanovic path integral quantization method, we quantize the composite fermions in quantum electrodynamics (QED). In the sense of Dirac’s conjecture, we deduce all the constraints and give Dirac’s gauge transformations (DGT). According to that the effective action is invariant under the DGT, we obtain the Noether theorem at the quantum level, which shows the fractional charges for the composite fermions in QED. This result is better than the one deduced from the equations of motion for the statistical potentials, because this result contains both odd and even fractional numbers. Furthermore, we deduce the Noether theorem from the invariance of the effective action under the rotational transformations in 2-dimensional (x, y) plane. The result shows that the composite fermions have fractional spins and fractional statistics. These anomalous properties are given by the constraints for the statistical gauge potential.     

Synthesis, structure, and biological activity of novel (oxdi/tri)azoles derivatives containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole or methyl moiety

To develop novel inhibitors of ketol-acid reductoisomerase, a series of (oxdi/tri)azoles derivatives was synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, MS, elemental analyses, and crystallography. According to the biological activities of these compounds obtained both in vivo and in vitro, compound 4-cyclopropyl-3-((4-fluorobenzyl)thio)-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole showed excellent KARI inhibitory activity (100% at 100?μg?mL?(-1) in vitro). In addition, most of the title compounds exhibited good herbicidal activity against Brassica campestris in vivo.     

The 1/f noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes

The $1/f$ noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes bundles has been investigated between the frequency range of 0.1 to 30 Hz. At room temperature the noise spectrum is standard 1/f, and its level is proportional to the square of the bias voltage. With decreasing temperature the noise level also decreases. At 4.2 K the noise level follows a non-monotonic dependence against the bias voltage, showing a peak at a certain bias voltage, meanwhile its frequency dependence also deviates from the 1/f trend. This anomalous behaviour is discussed within the picture of environmental quantum fluctuation of charge transport in the samples.     

表面润湿法合成β沸石体系中晶种作用的研究

系统研究了表面润湿法合成β沸石的体系中,干晶种、润湿态晶种、异晶晶种(Y沸石、ZSM 5沸石)以及碱处理β沸石晶种在此晶化体系中的作用.采用β沸石产品及异晶作晶种时,可使产品的相对结晶度稍有提高,但对沸石微晶核的结构导向作用不明显.经浓碱液处理20min后的β沸石产品(碱处理晶种)作晶种引入晶化体系后,可以显著提高产品的相对结晶度,降低模板剂的用量,缩短晶化诱导期,成为表面润湿法合成β沸石体系的有效晶种形式.     

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of metastable SmCo_7 compound

1 Introduction The rare-earth transition-metal intermetallic compounds have been widely investi-gated for many years, among them the Sm-Co series compounds with 1:5 and 2:17 crys-tal structures. These compounds have been used as sintered and bonded permanent magnets since the 1960s[1,2]. Interest recently has been focused on the TbCu7-type struc-ture Sm-Co intermetallic compounds with a strong uniaxial magnetocrytalline anisot-ropy and a low temperature coefficient (β = ?0.11%)[3―6] due t…     

高超声速可压缩流中粗糙壁热流研究

用计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟和理论方法对高超声速可压缩湍流中粗糙壁面热增量进行研究. 着重考虑粗糙单元密度和粗糙单元形状对粗糙表面热流的影响. 结果表明： ①粗糙单元密度变化时, CFD数值方法计算所得的粗糙单元等效热流随着粗糙单元密度的降低而增加, 理论方法预测结果的规律随方法不同而不同;②在相同粗糙单元密度和高度时,如果粗糙单元形状改变,CFD计算结果也随之发生改变. 理论预测方法所得结果不发生变化.     

射频光纤链路γ射线辐致损伤特性实验研究

由于空间环境中宇宙辐射无处不在,工作在空间环境的光纤系统必须考虑辐致损伤特性。建立了10GHz的射频光纤链路传输系统,分别采用单模光纤和保偏光纤作为传输媒质。利用60 Co`γ射线源,在剂量率1rad/s总剂量50krad下,对射频光纤链路进行辐照实验,对两种系统做对比分析。实验结果表明,单模光纤链路的辐致损耗绝对值较大,保偏光纤链路的辐致损耗绝对值较小;单模光纤的幂律模型指数较保偏光纤大,即同样的辐照剂量,单模光纤受影响程度大。在辐照起主要影响因素的阶段,单模光纤延时差受辐照影响程度较保偏光纤稍小。辐致损耗和辐致延时差对光纤长度都有线性累加作用。从整体水平看,50krad的辐射总剂量对两种光纤造成的损伤并不大,传输的信号仍在可用的范围之内。