Aragonite Formation in the Chiton (Mollusca) Girdle

In the chitons (Polyplacophora, Mollusca), the body is not entirely protected by the shell. Mineralized spicules or scales often, but not always, decorate the exposed part of the girdle. Here, we report a study on the composition and ultrastructural organization of these mineralized skeletal parts in four different chiton species. In all specimens, the mineral component (97–98 wt‐%) is aragonite, and the organic matrix (2–3 wt‐%) consists of highly glycosylated proteins. X‐Ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that the organic matrix fibers are aligned, morphologically and crystallographically, with the prismatic aragonite crystals. Matrix and mineral are thus clearly related. The matrix–mineral composite bundles are, however, assembled in the various skeletal parts examined with widely different degrees of alignment and order. In the same organism, the crystals are aligned within a range of ±15° in one type of spicule, while they are randomly oriented in another type. The wide heterogeneity in shape, density, and ultrastructure suggests that the girdle mineralized tissues do not fulfill a fundamental role necessary for the survival of the organism. This, together with the lack of chitin in the organic matrix, supports the hypothesis that they evolved separately from the other chiton mineralized tissues, namely the shell plates and teeth.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel salicylanilides as inhibitors of EGFR protein tyrosine kinases

The synthesis and biological evaluation of two series of salicylanilide derivatives on the EGFR and ErbB-2 tyrosine kinases inhibitory activities were conducted.Of the tested compounds those having an additional aryl group substituted on the anilino ring were active on the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition(7a-c and 13a,13c,13d,13f).The inhibitory activities were all in the low micromolar or submicromolar range.In addition,compound 13a was found to have dual inhibitory activities both on EGFR and ErbB-2 tyrosine kinases(1.654±1.280 and 7.134±1.265μmol/L).     

CO2 Capture with Silylated Ethanolamines and Piperazines

Amine treatment is commonly used to capture CO₂ from exhaust gases and from ambient air. The Si−N bond in aminosilanes is capable of reacting with CO₂ more readily than amines. In the current study we have synthesized trimethylsilylated ethanolamines, diethanolamines and piperazines and investigated their reaction toward CO₂. All products were characterized by ¹H, ¹³C, and ²⁹Si NMR, RAMAN spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. The product of a twofold CO₂-insertion into bis-trimethylsilylated piperazine was analysed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, quantum chemical calculations (DFT) were used to supplement the experimental results. Geometry optimizations and NBO calculations for each starting material were carried out at the B3LYP level with different basis sets. DFT calculations at the B3LYP, WB97XD and M062x level were conducted for geometry optimization and frequency calculations to examine the thermochemical data. The calculations were carried out both for the gas phase and in solvent environment. The calculated reaction enthalpies varied between −37 and −107 kJ mol⁻¹, while experimental values around −100 kJ mol⁻¹ were determined.     

QuEChERS技术结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鱼肉中6种替考拉宁残留量

采用QuEChERS前处理技术,建立了鱼肉中6种替考拉宁组分的高效液相色谱－串联质谱检测方法。搅碎均匀的鱼肉样品经乙腈-10%三氯乙酸（6∶4,体积比）提取,100 mg乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）净化后,使用Agilent SB C18（2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.8 μm）色谱柱分离,以 0.1%甲酸乙腈和0.1%甲酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾电离正离子（ESI+）,多反应监测模式（MRM）进行检测,内标法定量。考察了提取溶剂种类与体积、吸附剂种类与用量对目标化合物回收率的影响。评价了6种目标物在不同鱼肉基质中的基质效应。在优化条件下,6种替考拉宁组分在4 min内得到良好分离。目标物在各自浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数（r2）均不小于0.998;在5.0、10.0、25.0 μg/kg 3个加标水平下,各组分的回收率为84.3%～93.3%,日内相对标准偏差和日间相对标准偏差（n = 6）分别不大于7.0%和6.2%,方法的检出限和定量下限分别为0.5～2.0 μg/kg和2.0～5.0 μg/kg。采用该方法对采集的9种40个鱼肉样品进行检测,所有样品均未检出替考拉宁组分。该方法简单、灵敏、准确、可靠,可用于鱼肉中6种替考拉宁组分的定量分析。     

具有然陷模的氧化铝光子晶体的光学传感性能

采用在周期性氧化电压信号中插入恒压波形的方法成功制备了具有缺陷模的一维氧化铝光子晶体. 这种晶体的透射光谱研究表明,缺陷的厚度对缺陷模的透过率具有显著影响,当缺陷厚度在180 nm时,光子禁带内部出现透过率为55%、半峰宽约为18 nm的缺陷模. 该缺陷模能够对进入到氧化铝孔道内部的液体物质做出响应,其位置与液体的折射率线性相关.     

Hydrogen-Assisted C-C Coupling on Reaction of CuC3H-Cluster Anion with CO

A fundamental study on C-C coupling, that is the crucial step in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) process to obtain multi-carbon products, is of great importance to tailor catalysts and then guide a more promising pathway. It has been demonstrated that the coupling of CO with the metal carbide can represent the early stage in the FTS process, while the related mechanism is elusive. Herein, the reactions of the CuC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}H\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} and CuC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} cluster anions with CO have been studied by using mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations. The experimental results showed that the coupling of CO with the C\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}H\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} moiety of CuC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}H\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} can generate the exclusive ion product COC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}H\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document}. The reactivity and selectivity of this reaction of CuC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}H\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} with CO are greatly higher than that of the reaction of CuC\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}\begin{document}$ ^- $\end{document} with CO, and this H-assisted C-C coupling process was rationalized by theoretical calculations.     

Electronic integrated multisensor tongue applied to grape juice and wine analysis

An integrated multisensor composed by six ISFET devices selective to common ions and heavy metals combined with a flow injection analysis (FIA) system has been applied as an electronic tongue to grape juice and wine sample analysis. The data obtained for several grape and wine variety samples analysis have been treated using multiparametric tools like principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modelling class analogy technique (SIMCA) for the patterning recognition and classification of samples and partial least squares (PLS) regression for quantification of several parameters of interest in wine production. The results obtained have demonstrated the potential of using those multisensors as electronic tongues not only for distinguishing the samples according to the grape variety and the vintage year but also for quantitative prediction of several sample parameters.     

毛细管电泳电致化学发光法测定洛贝林的研究

基于稀土掺杂类普鲁士蓝化学修饰电极对Ru(bpy)32 的电催化氧化可增敏电致发光信号,建立了一种毛细管电泳-电致化学发光测定洛贝林的新方法。研究了工作电极电位、缓冲液的酸度及其浓度、分离电压和进样时间等实验参数对洛贝林测定的影响。在优化的实验条件下,其线性范围为1.5×10-7mol/L~1.5×10-4mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)为5.0×10-8mol/L。本法可直接用于注射液和空白人尿中洛贝林的测定,回收率为98.3%~101.2%。     

Synthesis of new pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives with nitric oxide donors for antiviral activity

New pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives with nitric oxide(NO) donor were systematically synthesized.The antivirus activities of these nucleoside analogues against vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV) in Wish cell were evaluated.It was demonstrated that most of compounds had stronger antiviral acitivity than acyclovir,while their toxicities were similar or lower to acyclovir.