Fabrication and interfacial morphologies of methanol–melamine–formaldehyde (MMF) shell microPCMs/epoxy composites

Microcapsules containing phase change materials (microPCMs) have many potential applications because of their thermoregulation or thermosaving abilities. At the same time, it is still essential to understand the interface stability of microPCMs/polymer composites during a thermal transmission. The aim of this work was to fabricate novel microPCMs containing dodecanol by an in situ polymerization using methanol-modified melamine–formaldehyde (MMF) prepolymer as shell material and investigate the interface morphologies of microPCMs/epoxy composites treated by a simulant thermal process with a ten times repeated temperature variation. A series of microPCMs were fabricated by 1,000–3,000 r·min⁻¹ emulsion speed with the PCM contents of 40–70%. The average diameter, melting temperature, and encapsulation efficiency of microPCMs were 1–16 μm, 19.5 °C, and 97.4%, respectively. Tests results indicated that the properties of the microPCMs were greatly affected by core/shell ratios and emulsification stirring rates of preparation conditions. With the increasing of stirring rates, the average diameters of microPCMs were sharply decreased. The encapsulation efficiency (E _e) values of microPCMs increased with the increasing of stirring rates. The contents of PCM in microcapsules (C _t) and the average diameter of microPCMs both affected the interface morphologies of microPCMs/epoxy composites after the repeated thermal treatments. Microcracks and gaps occurred after a thermal treatment in the interface of microPCMs and epoxy matrix obviously. The internal stress generated by the expansion or shrinking of the microPCMs was the main factor leading to the interface morphology changes and damaged of composites.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Hetero-bimetallic Complex with a Three-dimensional Network Structure: Bis(malonato)tetra(aqua)calcum(Ⅱ)cobalt(Ⅱ)

The title complex [CaCo(C3H2O4)2(H2O)4]n with a formula of C6H12CaCoO12 and Mr = 375.17 has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 14.195(9), b = 7.708(5), c = 13.441(8) (A),β = 119.575(9)°,V = 1279.0(14)(A)3, Dc = 1.948 g/cm3, μ = 1.803 mm-1, F(000) = 764 and Z = 4. The final R =0.0245 and wR = 0.0652 for 1344 observed reflections with I ＞ 2o(I). The structure of the title complex consists of CaO8 polyhedra and CoO6 octahedra linked together by malonate ligands. The Ca(Ⅱ) cation on a twofold axis is coordinated by two water molecules and six malonate O atoms.The Co(Ⅱ) cation which lies in a centre of symmetry in an octahedral arrangement is coordinated by four malonate O atoms and two water molecules. The structure comprises alternating layers along the [101] plane, with the shortest Co-Co distance of 6.961(5) (A). The whole 3D structure is maintained and stabilized by the presence of hydrogen bonds.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of（E）-Ethyl 2-（5-（3-methyl-2-butenyloxy）-2-（3-（4-（3-methyl-2-butenyloxy）phenyl）acryloyl）phenoxy）acetate

The title compound,(E)-ethyl 2-(5-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)-2-(3-(4-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)phenyl) acryloyl) phenoxy)acetate(1),has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy,ESI-MS,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.FT-IR,1H-NMR and ESI-MS confirm the functional groups,particularly the ethyl groups in the ester moiety,of the compound.The single-crystal X-ray diffraction has revealed a monoclinic structure,space group P21/n with a = 14.6832(14),b = 7.7581(7),c = 23.075(2),β = 101.670(2)o,V = 2574.2(4) ?3,Z = 4,Dc = 1.235 g/cm,μ = 0.085 mm-1,and F(000) = 1024.The skeleton of chalcone in the molecular structure is coplanar.     

Preparation of CdS–TiO2/Fe3O4 photocatalyst and its photocatalytic properties

The CdS modified TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts were prepared by sol–gel and immersion methods. The morphological, structural and optical properties of as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis absorption spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM observation showed that the surface of magnetite particles (Fe₃O₄) were coated by CdS–TiO₂ layer as loose clusters, and average diameter of composites particles was about 250 nm. UV–Vis absorption spectra indicated that CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites had pronounced red-shift compared with that of TiO₂/Fe₃O₄. The CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO₂ and TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ for the degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B dye (X-3B) aqueous solution under simulated sunlight, and the optimum content of CdS is 1.0 % (mol ratio of CdS to TiO₂). In addition, a gradual loss of photocatalytic activity can be observed in reusability test of CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites, and degradation of X-3B reached still to 78.9 % after five runs.     

不同锌铝比水滑石的合成及吸附脱除水中邻苯二甲酸性能的研究

采用共沉淀法合成一系列具有不同锌铝比的水滑石,并利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热重（TG）、氮气吸脱附及电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）等表征手段对其结构与组成进行了测试。将上述水滑石材料用于吸附脱除水中邻苯二甲酸污染物,考察了不同锌铝比水滑石吸附邻苯二甲酸性能的差异。结果表明,在较低锌铝比时,随着水滑石锌铝比的增加,其对邻苯二甲酸的吸附量逐渐增大;当锌铝比较大时（>6）,随着锌铝比的增加,水滑石的吸附量基本保持不变。进一步选取锌铝比为6的水滑石,分别对其吸附邻苯二甲酸的动力学和热力学进行了研究,发现其吸附等温线和吸附动力学数据分别符合Freundlich等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,且循环吸附性能较好。     

超声萃取-同位素稀释液相色谱-质谱法检测血清中氢化可的松

建立了液相色谱-质谱检测血清中氢化可的松含量的方法。血清加内标后平衡30 min,加乙腈除蛋白,将混合液超声10 min,再以3000 r/min离心15 min,取出上清液用氮气吹干,用水复溶后,以相同体积乙酸乙酯萃取两次,将两次萃取的乙酸乙酯合并,氮气吹干,然后用200μL流动相复溶,液相分离采用ZorbaxEclipse Plus C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇和含0.1%甲酸的水溶液(43∶57,V/V),日间和日内标准偏差分别为0.3%～0.7%和0.3%～0.6%,回收率为99.6%～101.0%,定量限为1.68μg/kg。运用本方法检测了3种人体血清中氢化可的松含量,并研究了血清中氢化可的松的稳定性。     

蛋白质酶解混合物的动态修饰毛细管电泳-质谱联用分析

利用羟丙基纤维素溶液动态涂层技术修饰毛细管管壁,改善了分离效率.在不影响质谱检测的条件下,将动态涂层毛细管电泳与质谱检测联用,有效地提高了对蛋白质的鉴定能力.将该技术应用于对复杂蛋白质样品的酶解产物的分析鉴定,结果令人满意.     

桥联8-氨基喹啉衍生物及其锆配合物的合成及结构

以8-氨基喹啉和8-氨基喹哪啶为原料,通过锂化再与二甲基二氯硅烷反应,分别得到对称的桥联配体Me2Si[NH(C9H6N)]2(1a),Me2Si[NCH3(C9H5N)]2(1b)。1a和1b分别与2倍物质的量的正丁基锂反应,然后与ZrCl4作用得到2种配位模式不同的硅桥联取代8-氨基喹啉锆配合物Zr{Me2Si[N(C9H6N)]2}2(2)和Zr{Me2Si[NCH3(C9H5N)]2}Cl2(3)。化合物1~3通过1H NMR、13C NMR和元素分析进行表征,2和3通过X-射线单晶衍射确定其晶体结构。结果表明配合物2的中心Zr原子与8个N原子配位,属于变形十二面体结构,单晶属于三斜晶系;配合物3的中心Zr原子与4个N原子和2个Cl原子配位,属于变形八面体,单晶属于正交晶系。     

食品罐内壁涂料中双酚-二缩水甘油醚的快速检测和迁移规律

建立了快速、简便的超高效液相色谱法同时测定食品模拟物中双酚A-二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)、双酚F-二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物特定迁移量的方法。采用水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇和葵花籽油4种食品模拟物在60℃、10 d的条件下模拟了食品罐内壁涂料中双酚-二缩水甘油醚的迁移。水性食品模拟物直接进样,葵花籽油模拟物采用乙腈提取,提取液经固相萃取净化后进样。迁移到水性食品模拟物中的BADGE、双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE·HCl)发生水解,分别转化成双酚A-二(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE·2H2O)和双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE·H2O·HCl);迁移到油性模拟物中的BADGE和BADGE·HCl则没有发生水解。9种双酚-二缩水甘油醚在0.05~10 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,水性食品模拟物和油性食品模拟物中方法的检出限分别为5μg/L和20μg/kg。应用本方法对10种未接触过食品的空罐进行了检测,有5种样品中检出了BADGE及其衍生物,其中1种样品中BADGE·2H2O(或BADGE)和BADGE·H2O·HCl(或BADGE·HCl)在4种食品模拟物中的迁移量均超过了欧盟EC/1895/2005规定的限量。     

盐酸吡哆辛在石墨烯-碳纳米管/聚烟酸复合修饰电极上的电化学行为研究及其测定

通过滴涂和电聚合的方法制备了石墨烯(GN)-多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)/聚烟酸(PNA)修饰玻碳电极。利用循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法考察了盐酸吡哆辛(VB6)在此修饰电极上的电化学行为和测定方法。结果表明,VB6在此修饰电极上有一明显的不可逆氧化峰(Epa=1.049 V),该电极与GCE、PNA/GCE以及GN/MWCNT/GCE相比,VB6的氧化峰电流显著提高,电极反应为扩散控制的一电子两质子反应。利用差分脉冲伏安法对VB6进行测定,线性范围为0.05~200μmol/L,检出限为0.02μmol/L,相对平均偏差为3.1%(n=8)。本方法可用于测定VB6片和B族维生素片中的VB6含量测定,加标回收率为在96.1%~104.5%之间。