激光诱导荧光技术测量OH自由基的建立和研究

氢氧自由基（ＯＨ）在对流层大气化学中起着重要的作用,因此,对其浓度的测量具有重要意义。本文利用气体扩张激光诱导荧光技术（ＦＡＧＥ）建立了ＯＨ测定系统,对其进行了标定,得到归一化荧光信号（Ｓ）与ＯＨ自由基浓度的较好的相关关系,并对可能存在的干扰进行了分析。     

药学专业综合化学科研训练课程体系的建设与实践

针对药学专业本科生在课内教学中进行科研训练存在的相关问题,依托综合化学实验课程,从课程设置、训练目标、训练内容和训练指导编写等几个方面,阐述了药学专业综合化学科研训练课程体系的建设方法和实践成效。     

干涉成像光谱仪受卫星振动影响的仿真与分析

在干涉成像光谱仪扫描过程中,卫星姿态的不稳定性将严重影响光谱成像质量。针对该问题,在分析干涉成像光谱仪光谱成像退化机理的基础上提出了一种微分动态成像仿真方法,以此来模拟光谱成像退化过程。并提出了平均掺杂比的概念,通过它建立起卫星姿态俯仰、侧滚和偏航的运动参数与其对光谱成像影响之间的桥梁,详细推导了这两者之间的定量关系。以环境资源卫星提供的遥感数据为例进行了退化仿真,结果表明平台振动不仅影响光谱成像的空间分辨率,更会带来光谱失真,且相邻像元光谱差异较大的区域影响较大。通过仿真数据分析,对卫星姿态稳定精度提出了要求,给出了必须重视振动影响并需要采取相应补偿措施的姿态稳定度条件。     

Electrochemical enzyme immunoassay using model labels

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) based on electrochemical detection offer several potential advantages and have been applied in clinical, medical, biotechnological, food and environmental analysis. Among the enzyme labels employed, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucose oxidase (GOx) are the most common. This brief review reflects recent advances, challenges, and trends of electrochemical EIAs focusing on HRP, ALP or GOx as labels over the past five years. We especially emphasize current development of EIAs combined with other developments, including nanotechnology and miniaturization.     

Influence of Solution Conductivity on Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Using a thin platinum anode in contact with an electrolytic solution, normal electrolysis develops spontaneously to contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) at sufficiently high voltage. During this transition, midpoint voltage (V_D) is an important critical value. From V_D on, plasma is sustained by direct current glow discharge between the electrode and the electrolyte surface. And H₂O₂ is the main non-faradaic yield. In this study, effects of conductivity on V_D and the concentration of H₂O₂ have been investigated in Na₂SO₄ and NaCl solution. The results indicate that V_D decreases with the increasing conductivity. And the value of V_D and the concentration of H₂O₂ in NaCl solution are less than those in Na₂SO₄ solution. The concentration of H₂O₂ increases steadily and then decreases to maintain a stationary value.     

Fabrication and interfacial morphologies of methanol–melamine–formaldehyde (MMF) shell microPCMs/epoxy composites

Microcapsules containing phase change materials (microPCMs) have many potential applications because of their thermoregulation or thermosaving abilities. At the same time, it is still essential to understand the interface stability of microPCMs/polymer composites during a thermal transmission. The aim of this work was to fabricate novel microPCMs containing dodecanol by an in situ polymerization using methanol-modified melamine–formaldehyde (MMF) prepolymer as shell material and investigate the interface morphologies of microPCMs/epoxy composites treated by a simulant thermal process with a ten times repeated temperature variation. A series of microPCMs were fabricated by 1,000–3,000 r·min⁻¹ emulsion speed with the PCM contents of 40–70%. The average diameter, melting temperature, and encapsulation efficiency of microPCMs were 1–16 μm, 19.5 °C, and 97.4%, respectively. Tests results indicated that the properties of the microPCMs were greatly affected by core/shell ratios and emulsification stirring rates of preparation conditions. With the increasing of stirring rates, the average diameters of microPCMs were sharply decreased. The encapsulation efficiency (E _e) values of microPCMs increased with the increasing of stirring rates. The contents of PCM in microcapsules (C _t) and the average diameter of microPCMs both affected the interface morphologies of microPCMs/epoxy composites after the repeated thermal treatments. Microcracks and gaps occurred after a thermal treatment in the interface of microPCMs and epoxy matrix obviously. The internal stress generated by the expansion or shrinking of the microPCMs was the main factor leading to the interface morphology changes and damaged of composites.     

Preparation of CdS–TiO2/Fe3O4 photocatalyst and its photocatalytic properties

The CdS modified TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts were prepared by sol–gel and immersion methods. The morphological, structural and optical properties of as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis absorption spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM observation showed that the surface of magnetite particles (Fe₃O₄) were coated by CdS–TiO₂ layer as loose clusters, and average diameter of composites particles was about 250 nm. UV–Vis absorption spectra indicated that CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites had pronounced red-shift compared with that of TiO₂/Fe₃O₄. The CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO₂ and TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ for the degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B dye (X-3B) aqueous solution under simulated sunlight, and the optimum content of CdS is 1.0 % (mol ratio of CdS to TiO₂). In addition, a gradual loss of photocatalytic activity can be observed in reusability test of CdS–TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composites, and degradation of X-3B reached still to 78.9 % after five runs.     

Studies on the non-isothermal kinetics of the thermal decomposition of [Cu(NBOCTB)][Cu(NO3)4]· H2O

The thermal decomposition process of the complex [Cu(NBOCTB)][Cu(NO₃)₄] H₂O has been studied by TG and DTG technique, and possible intermediates of the thermal decomposition have also been conjectured from the TG and DTG curves. The results suggest that the decomposition of the complex involves five steps: The non-isothermal kinetics of steps 1, 2 and 3 have been studied by means of the Achar and Coats-Redfern method based on TG and DTG curves. Step 1 is a Coring and Growth mechanism (n= 1), its kinetic equation may be expressed as: d/dt=Ae^–E/RT(1–). Steps 2 and 3 are both two order chemical reaction mechanisms, their kinetic equations can be expressed as: d/dt=Ae^–E/RT(1–)².This project was supported by the National Natural Science Youth Fundation of China.