脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇与溶菌酶相互作用的研究

利用荧光猝灭、紫外光谱(UV)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和圆二色性光谱(CD)法测定反应的结合常数、主要作用力以及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对溶菌酶二级结构的影响;并综合实验所得的热力学参数结果,确定二者间的作用力。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇与溶菌酶有较强的结合,脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对溶菌酶的荧光猝灭以氢键和范德华力为主,结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离r为4.62nm。通过光谱法研究模拟生理条件下真菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇与溶菌酶的相互作用,为脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇在体内的储存、运输及毒性机制提供一些具有指导作用的信息。     

在化学教学中培养学生变量控制能力的实施和分析

设计受控实验是科学实验实证的重要手段,这种科学探究的核心能力,也是教育部在《普通高中化学课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》中对学生能力的评价之一.在分析学生能力现状、教材内容后,经过教学实施,充分利用教材,帮助学生认识变量控制要素,达成能系统地综合应用变量控制解决实际问题的教学目标.     

古代丝织品及古建彩画蓝色染料的微量及无损分析

染料分析是研究织物颜色老化变色的基础,同时对于了解我国印染工艺的发展有非常重要的作用。通过薄层色谱和拉曼光谱方法,对六个唐代丝绸样品的蓝色染料和故宫建福宫建筑彩画的蓝色物进行了分析,并对两种方法在文物上的适用性进行了比较。结果表明这些呈色物质均为靛蓝,靛蓝不仅作为染料被古人使用,也被当作颜料用于彩绘壁画,使用范围非常广范。两种分析的方法各有利弊,拉曼光谱是无损分析,薄层色谱需要样品量少,但可获得更多的信息。     

新型表面活性剂的合成与表征综合实验设计

将专业综合实验与科研成果相结合,设计了新型表面活性剂的合成与表征综合化学实验。实验涉及含羟基基团的表面活性剂的合成、纯化、结构表征和性能测定等操作。该综合实验将有机化学基础知识、表面活性剂的基本性质与前沿科学研究相结合,从而实现学生实验技能的提升、认知视野的拓展和综合能力培养的目标。     

One-pot access to indolylchromeno[2,3-b]indoles via iodine-mediated Friedel-Crafts alkylation/oxidative coupling reaction of indoles and salicylaldehydes

An I₂-mediated Friedel-Crafts alkylation/oxidative coupling reaction of indoles and salicylaldehydes was developed. With the developed protocol, a series of indolylchromeno[2,3-b]indoles were obtained in good yields (up to 88%) under mild reaction conditions. Two possible reaction mechanisms were tentatively brought forward to account for the formation of the products in light of some control experiments.     

践行宽容失败理念 开发实验失败之教学价值

引导教师审视实验失败(失误)的教学价值,营造出宽容失败、善待挫折、鼓励成功的氛围。通过建立"错误病历"和"会诊"制度、提供实验补做条件、改进新设实验项目、建立"实验失败探索—科研训练—毕业设计"互通机制、在实验失败中寻找科研灵感并孵化研究课题等措施,初步建立起实验失败中的教学资源的开发机制。     

Chiral separation and determination of the optical purity of thiamphenicol-related chiral compound by capillary zone electrophoresis with cyclodextrins as chiral selectors

Summary One classical method for quantitation of amino acids in proteins is hydrolysis of the proteins and determination of the free amino acids. Although the drastic experimental conditions necessary for complete hydrolysis always cause degradation of some of the amino acids, if mild hydrolysis conditions are used, a mixture of amino acids and oligopeptides is obtained. If these conditions are adequately tuned, the oligopeptides are almost exclusively dipeptides. For this reason we have initiated a study to find a derivatizing agent suitable for the analysis of amino acids and dipeptides by an absolute method of quantitation already tested for amino acids. FMOC-Cl was found to be a suitable derivatizing agent for this purpose.     

Theoretical study on the reaction of the Δ ground state of ZrO with CS2 in the gas phase

The mechanisms for the three products ZrS⁺, and ZrOS⁺ of the title reaction have been studied by using B3LYP/6-311+G* and CCSD(T)/SDD+6-311+G* methods. It is found that both ZrS⁺ and formations involve the same O/S exchange process via a four-center transition state TS12 to form an intermediate IM2. Exception of that IM2 can dissociate into the ZrS⁺ product, a favorable intramolecular rearrangement mechanism associated with the formation has been identified, which explains why ZrS⁺ was excluded as a precusor for the formation and why the lower efficiency of the ZrS⁺ formation was observed in experiment. For the formation of ZrOS⁺, two parallel channels (path A and B) yielding their corresponding product isomer have been identified. Path B involving an insertion–elimination mechanism with a calculated barrier underestimated by ca. 25.0 kJ/mol should be attributed to the threshold of 114.8 ± 12.5 kJ/mol assigned in the experiment. But path A should make some contributions to the formation of ZrOS⁺ at elevated energy.     

均苯四甲酸酐修饰壳聚糖微球对Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附

用交联的壳聚糖微球(CTS)与均苯四甲酸酐在无水条件下反应,合成了均苯四甲酸酐修饰壳聚糖微球. 用FT-IR和XPS表征了产物的结构,考察了它对水溶液中Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附行为及其影响因素. 结果表明,吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程. 当pH=5.0时,对Pb2+和Cd2+的最大吸附量分别为296.7和149.9 mg/g. 用二级吸附动力学模拟动力学过程有很好的线性相关性,据此确定为化学吸附过程. 以0.2 mol/L的EDTA为解吸剂,Pb2+和Cd2+的再生率分别为92.4%和85.3%.     

Facile synthesis of porous MnO/C nanotubes as a high capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries

Porous MnO/C nanotubes are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method followed by thermal annealing, and possess excellent cyclability and high rate capability as an anode for lithium ion batteries.