Palladium nanocrystals bound by {110} or {100} facets: from one pot synthesis to electrochemistry

A facile one-pot tactic is developed for the selective synthesis of either rhombic dodecahedral or cubic Pd nanocrystals with high yields. By applying a mild cleaning process, we establish for the first time reasonable and distinct electrochemical features corresponding to {110} or {100} facet predominated Pd nanocrystals.     

以2,4’-联苯二羧酸及咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲咯啉为配体的钴(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)配合物的水热合成及晶体结构

在水热条件下,以2,4′-联苯二羧酸(2,4′-H2bpdc)和咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲咯啉(L)为配体构筑了两种配合物{[Co(2,4′-bpdc)(L)(H2O)]·H2O}n(1)和[Mn(2,4′-bpdc)(L)(H2O)]n(2),并利用元素分析、X-射线单晶衍射和热重分析对其结构进行了表征。配合物1具有一维链状结构,配合物2展示了一维双链结构,两个配合物都通过分子间氢键和π-π相互作用形成三维网状结构。     

Penta-coordinate phosphorous compounds and biochemistry

The relationship between penta-coordinate phosphorus compounds and biochemistry is briefly reviewed. Some interesting phenomena such as peptide formation, ester formation, ester exchange on phosphorus and N to O migration occur at room temperature when the amino group of amino acid is associated with phosphoryl group. Serine or threonine in conjugate of nucleo-side-amino acid could recognize different nucleobases. N-phosphoryl Histine and Ser-His dipep-tide could cleavage nucleic acid, protein and ester in neutral medium. It is found that the above phenomena all undergo penta-coordinate intermediate of phosphorus atom, which is proposed as the key factor to determine their activities.     

HDDR过程中三元和多元Nd-Fe-B合金磁畴结构的MFM研究

用磁力显微镜研究了三元Nd-Fe-B合金在HDDR过程的不同阶段(铸态、不充分吸氢歧化、充分吸氢歧化和脱氢再复合)的破畴结构。在铸态样品表面清楚地观察到了易磁化轴互相垂直的柱状晶表面的两类磁畴图型。当样品不充分吸氢歧化和充分吸氢歧化时，破畴结构明显发生变化，反映了Nd-Fe-B的分解产物NdH2，α-Fe和Fe2B及其微晶结构的变化。脱氢再复合后形成的微晶的磁畴结构则表明样品保留了铸态样品柱状晶的构型。此外，还对比研究了多元Nd-Fe-B合金在HDDR过程中的磁畴结构，并根据微磁结构分析，指出过量的Ga元素添加可抑制Nd2(Fe，M)14B相的吸氢歧化，从而导致相应HDDR粘结磁体性能降低。     

甲烷在Li-Ln-MgO氧化物上催化氧化偶联

近年来,对天然气的综合利用已逐渐为人们所重视。甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯、乙烷这一新课题受到催化工作者愈来愈多的关注^[1~5]。本工作初步探讨了Li-Ln-MgO三元氧化物催化剂对甲烷氧化偶联反应的催化性能。添加稀土元素可使C₂的选择性、单收明显提高。本催化剂体系制备简单、原料便宜,值得进一步开发研究。     

PP／EPO共混体系混容性与结晶结构

WAXD方法测定表明PP/EPO共混体系的结晶度随EPO组份含量的增加而降低,晶胞参数与组份比无关,并计算了第二类晶格畸变。根据PP/EPO的DSC和扭辫实验得出在所有组成下PP/EPO共混体系是不相容的。但在非晶区可能部分相容。     

H2,CO,CH4多元爆炸性混合气体支链爆炸阻尼效应

对多元爆炸性混合气体爆炸的阻尼效应,进行了比较系统的研究,实验表明：“惰性气体”N2,CO2与水蒸汽对多元混合气体支链爆炸具有一定的抑制作用;甲烷与石油液化气对含H2易爆混合气体支链爆炸具有明显的阻尼效应．这对指导支链燃烧与支链爆炸的实践,关于工业尾气与废气的安全回收,有关爆炸性混合气体的置换技术的改进,以及工业与矿井混合气体爆炸事故的预防,具有重要的现实意义与理论价值．     

SDS及其与十二烷基三乙基溴化铵混合体系在矿化水中的表面活性

测定了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基三乙基溴化铵(DTEAB)单一体系及不同摩尔比的混合体系在矿化水溶液中的表面活性,并与在纯水和NaCl水溶液中的表面活性作了比较．所得结果表明：(1)阴离子表面活性剂SDS在含Ca^2 ,Mg^2 等的矿化水中有比在纯水和NaCl水溶液中更好的表面活性．这一方面是由于矿化水中的Ca^2 ,Mg^2 对负电胶团和表面吸附层的强烈电性作用,另一方面在大量Na^ 存在时,钠钙盐混合表面活性剂Krafft点提高不多;(2)SDS和DTEAB混合物在矿化水中具有很强的增效作用,其表面活性的变化规律与在纯水和NaCl水溶液中基本相同,表明阴阳离子表面活性剂混合体系具有优异的抗矿化水性能．这些结果可用阴、阳表面活性离子的电性作用解释．     

蛋白质的电化学分析研究进展

对蛋白质的电化学分析的进展及应用进行综述。从蛋白质的极谱行为、在固体电极上的电化学行为、催化氢波、与小分子物质的配合作用等多角度介绍了近期的研究热点,分析了蛋白质化学研究的意义与现状,并对今后的发展方向作了展望,引用相关文献28篇。     

Preparation of Tin Oxide-Based Metal Oxide Particles

Tin oxide-doped hybrid particles were prepared by a wet chemical process with organic-inorganic (phenyl/silica) hybrid particles in an alcoholic solution. The phenyl/silica hybrid particles, with a diameter of ca. 790 nm were used as a new support material for tin oxide (SnO₂) particles from tin(IV) chloride. The surface of the particles was modified via nitration of aromatic groups in the particles, to promote formation of the tin oxide coating on the particles. The thickness and surface morphology of the tin oxide layer coated on the nitrated-phenyl/silica hybrid particles could be controlled by varying the tin(IV) chloride concentration and reaction time. The size and morphology of the resultant particles were investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The particles obtained were also characterised by infrared (FTIR) and solid-state ¹³C magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C-CP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of processing parameters on the crystallinity and structure of the doped hybrids were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns.